Regional_Council_of_Lombardy Knowpia

Regional Council of Lombardy
Regional Council of Lombardy
12th legislature
Type
Type	Unicameral
Established	6 July 1970
Leadership
President	Federico Romani, FdI ; since 15 March 2023
Structure
Seats	80
Political groups	Government (48+1) FdI (22); Lega (14); FI (6); LI (5); NM (1); Opposition (31) PD (18); Moratti List (4); M5S (3); A–IV (3); PC (2); AVS (1);
Length of term	5 years
Salary	€75,924/year + refunds
Elections
Voting system	Party-list semi-proportional representation with majority bonus; D'Hondt method
Last election	12 February 2023
Meeting place
	Pirelli Tower, Milan
Website
	Official website

The Regional Council of Lombardy (Italian: Consiglio Regionale della Lombardia) is the legislative assembly of Lombardy, Italy.

It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.

Composition edit

The political system of the Regions of Italy was changed in 1995, when a semi-presidential system was introduced. If until that year the council was elected under a pure proportional system and the President of Lombardy was chosen and dismissed by the council, since 1995 the President and the council are jointly elected by the people.

The Regional Council of Lombardy is composed of 80 members. From 1995 to 2012, 64 councillors were elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 16 councillors (elected in bloc) came from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat was reserved for the candidate who came second. If a coalition won more than 40 seats with PR, as happened during the 2000 election, only 8 candidates from the regional list would be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72. If the winning coalition received less than 50% of votes, as happened during the 1995 election, special seats were added to the council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.^[1]^[2]^[3]

A new Lombard electoral law was adopted on 26 October 2012. While the President of Lombardy and the leader of the opposition are still elected at-large, 78 councillors, instead of 64 as it was before, are elected by party lists under a form of semi-proportional representation. The winning coalition receives a jackpot of at least 45 seats, which are divided between all majority parties using the D'Hondt method, as it happens between the losing lists. Each party then distributes its seats to its provincial lists, where candidates are openly selected.

The council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent clause introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the council is dissolved and a snap election is called.^[4]^[5]

The Council chooses its speaker, called President of the council (Presidente del Consiglio).

Political groups (2023–2028) edit

The council is composed of the following political groups:

	Seats	Status
Brothers of Italy	22 / 80	Government
Democratic Party	18 / 80	Opposition
League – Lombard League	14 / 80	Government
Forza Italia	6 / 80	Government
Ideal Lombardy	5 / 80	Government
Moratti for President	4 / 80	Opposition
Five Star Movement	3 / 80	Opposition
Action – Italia Viva	3 / 80	Opposition
Civic Pact	2 / 80	Opposition
Greens and Left Alliance	1 / 80	Opposition
Us Moderates – Renaissance	1 / 80	External support

By coalition:

	Seats	Status
Centre-right coalition	49 / 80	Government
Centre-left coalition	24 / 80	Opposition
Action – Italia Viva	7 / 80	Opposition

Historical composition edit

Pirelli Tower in Milan has been the seat of the Regional Council and related offices since 1970

Election	DC	PCI	PSI	PLI	PRI	PSDI	MSI	Others	Total
Election
7 June 1970	36	19	9	4	2	5	3	2	80
15 June 1975	32	25	11	2	2	3	3	2	80
8 June 1980	34	23	11	2	2	3	3	2	80
12 May 1985	31	22	12	1	4	2	4	4	80
6 May 1990	25	15	12	1	2	1	2	22	80

Election	Majority	Opposition	Total	President of the Region
23 April 1995	38 FI 12 AN 4 CCD	12 LN 11 PDS 5 PRC 4 PPI 2 Greens 2 PdD	90	Roberto Formigoni
16 April 2000	27 FI 11 LN 8 AN 2 CCD 2 CDU 1 PP	20 The Olive Tree 5 PRC 3 Bonino List 1 SDI	80
3 April 2005	25 FI 15 LN 9 AN 3 UDC	20 The Olive Tree 3 PRC 2 Greens 1 PP 1 PdCI 1 IdV	80
28 March 2010	29 PdL 20 LN	22 PD 4 IdV 3 UDC 1 PP 1 SEL	80
24 February 2013 (snap election)	19 PdL 16 LN 11 Maroni List 2 FdI 1 PP	17 PD 9 M5S 5 Ambrosoli List	80	Roberto Maroni
4 March 2018	29 Lega 14 FI 3 FdI 1 Fontana List 1 NcI 1 EpI	16 PD 13 M5S 2 Gori List 1 +E	80	Attilio Fontana
12 February 2023	22 FdI 14 Lega 6 FI 5 Fontana List 1 NM	18 PD 4 Moratti List 3 M5S 3 A–IV 2 Majorino List 1 AVS	80	Attilio Fontana

Presidents edit

This is a list of the Presidents of the Regional Council (Italian: Presidenti del Consiglio regionale):

Name		Period		Regional Legislature
	Gino Colombo (DC)	6 July 1970	24 July 1975	I (1970)
	Sergio Marvelli (PSI)	24 July 1975	20 April 1978	II (1975)
	Carlo Smuraglia (PCI)	20 April 1978	24 July 1980	II (1975)
	Sergio Marvelli (PSI)	24 July 1980	6 October 1983	III (1980)
	Renzo Peruzzotti (PSI)	6 October 1983	18 June 1985	III (1980)
	Ugo Finetti (PSI)	18 June 1985	5 August 1985	IV (1985)
	Fabio Semenza (PRI)	5 August 1985	27 June 1990	IV (1985)
	Giampietro Borghini (PCI)	27 June 1990	12 February 1992	V (1990)
	Claudio Bonfanti (PSI)	12 February 1992	9 December 1992
	Francesco Zaccaria (PSI)	9 December 1992	19 June 1995
	Giancarlo Morandi (FI)	19 June 1995	12 June 2000	VI (1995)
	Attilio Fontana (LN)	12 June 2000	6 June 2005	VII (2000)
	Attilio Fontana (LN)	6 June 2005	6 July 2006	VIII (2005)
	Ettore Albertoni (LN)	6 July 2006	15 July 2008
	Giulio De Capitani (LN)	15 July 2008	11 May 2010
	Davide Boni (LN)	11 May 2010	17 April 2012	IX (2010)
	Fabrizio Cecchetti (LN)	17 April 2012	27 October 2012	IX (2010)
Regional Council suspended^[a]
	Raffaele Cattaneo (FI)	28 March 2013	5 April 2018	X (2013)
	Alessandro Fermi (FI)	5 April 2018	15 March 2023	XI (2018)
	Federico Romani (FdI)	15 March 2023	Incumbent	XII (2023)