In 1983, Middlekauff became the President of Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California, until 1987.^[2] He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1984.^[3] In 1987, Middlekauff became a professor at UC Berkeley.^[4]

Middlekauff is best known for The Glorious Cause, a history of the American Revolutionary War, which was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 1983.^[5] He was the Harold Vyvyan Harmsworth Professor of American History in 1996-7. In 1997, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1997.^[6]

He was born in Yakima, Washington.^[5] Middlekauff died at the age of 91 from complications of a stroke on March 10, 2021, in Pleasanton, California.^[5][7]

• Historiography of the United States

• Ancients and Axioms: Secondary Education in Eighteenth-Century New England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963).
• The Mathers: Three Generations of Puritan Intellectuals, 1596-1728, winner of the Bancroft Prize. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971) reprinted in paperback (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999).
• The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982, paperback ed., 1986) (Revised and Expanded Edition, 2005, ISBN 978-0-19-516247-9).
• Benjamin Franklin and His Enemies (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996; paperback ed., 1998).

• Appearances on C-SPAN