Summary
Roger Mellor Makins, 1st Baron Sherfield, GCB GCMG FRS DL[1] (3 February 1904 – 9 November 1996), was a British diplomat who served as British Ambassador to the United States from 1953 to 1956.
The Lord Sherfield | |
|---|---|
 Makins in 1952 | |
| British Ambassador to the United States | |
| In office 1953–1956 | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Preceded by | Sir Oliver Franks |
| Succeeded by | Sir Harold Caccia |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 3 February 1904 |
| Died | 9 November 1996 (aged 92) |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
Background and early life edit
Makins was the son of Brigadier-General Sir Ernest Makins (1869–1959) and Florence Mellor. He was educated at Winchester and Christ Church, Oxford, and was called to the Bar, Inner Temple, in 1927.
Early diplomatic career edit
However, he never practised and instead joined the Diplomatic Service in 1928. Makins was later appointed to be Minister Plenipotentiary at the British Embassy in Washington in 1945,[2] and served until 1947. He was Assistant Under-Secretary of State at the Foreign Office from 1947 to 1948 and as Deputy Under-Secretary of State from 1948 to 1952.
Ambassador to the United States edit
In 1953 he was appointed to be the Ambassador to the United States,[3] a post he held until 1956. On the eve of the Suez Crisis, he was present at the crucial meeting on 25 September 1956 where Harold Macmillan was apparently persuaded that US President Dwight D. Eisenhower had offered the British Government tacit support; Makins, on the other hand, correctly concluded that Eisenhower would not support the intervention.[4]
Later career in the civil service edit
After his return from Washington he served as Joint Permanent Secretary to The Treasury from 1956 to 1960 and as Chairman of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority from 1960 to 1964.
Chancellorship edit
Makins was appointed to the post of Chancellor of the University of Reading in 1969, and retained this position until 1992.[5]
Marriage and children edit
On 30 April 1934, in an Episcopal ceremony in Tallahassee, Florida, he married an American, Alice Brooks Davis (d. 1985), the daughter of Dwight F. Davis, founder of the Davis Cup and former US Secretary of War. The couple had six children:[6]
- Mary Makins (b.1935, twin). Married firstly, as his second wife, Hugo John Laurence Philipps, later 3rd Baron Milford, with whom she had four children. Married secondly, as his second wife, John Julius Cooper, 2nd Viscount Norwich, without issue;[7]
- Cynthia Makins (b. 1935, twin). Married Oliver James Colman, with whom she had two children;[7]
- Virginia Makins (b. 1939). Married David Michael Shapiro, with whom she had three sons;[7]
- Christopher James Makins, 2nd Baron Sherfield (b. 1942 - d. 2006). Married Wendy Whitney Cortesi, daughter of John Sargent Whitney of Evergreen, Colorado, with whom he had a daughter;[7][8]
- Patricia Makins (b. 1946). Married, firstly, Michael Ordway Miller, without issue, married, secondly, Loring Sagan, with whom she had two children;[7]
- Dwight William Makins, 3rd Baron Sherfield (b. 1951). Married firstly Penelope Jane Collier, daughter of Donald R. L. Massy Collier. Married secondly Jenny Rolls.[7][9]
Honours edit
Makins was appointed to the Order of St Michael and St George as a Companion (CMG) in the 1944 New Year Honours[10] and was promoted in the same Order as a Knight Commander (KCMG) in the 1949 Birthday Honours.[11] He was appointed to the Order of the Bath as a Knight Commander (KCB) in the 1953 New Year Honours.[12] He was promoted in the Order of St Michael and St George as a Knight Grand Cross (GCMG) in the 1955 New Year Honours[13] and was promoted within the Order of the Bath as a Knight Grand Cross (GCB) in the 1960 New Year Honours.[14]
In the 1964 Birthday Honours, Makins was raised to the peerage as Baron Sherfield, of Sherfield-on-Loddon in the County of Southampton.[15]
He was elected to be a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) under Statute 12 (for those "who have rendered conspicuous service to the cause of science, or are such that election would be of signal benefit to the Society") in 1986.[16]
Arms edit
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The Makins Collection edit
Makins was a notable collector of Victorian art. The Makins Collection contained important works by John Everett Millais.
References edit
- ^ Selborne, L. (1998). "Roger Mellor Makins, G. C. B., G. C. M. G., D. L., the 1st Baron Sherfield. 3 February 1904 – 9 November 1996". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 44: 267–278. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1998.0018.
- ^ "No. 37527". The London Gazette. 9 April 1946. p. 1802.
- ^ "No. 39838". The London Gazette. 28 April 1953. p. 2357.
- ^ {{Risse-Kappen, Thomas (1997) [1995]. Cooperation among Democracies: The European Influence on U.S. Foreign Policy (2nd ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-1711-2 p 85.}}
- ^ "Reading welcomes its new chancellor". Bulletin. University of Reading. 17 January 2008. pp. 6–7.
- ^ "Lord Sherfield Is Dead at 92; Was British Envoy to the U.S." The New York Times. 11 November 1996.
- ^ a b c d e f Morris, Susan (2020). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage 2019. ISBN 9781999767051. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Christopher J. Makins, 63, Expert on Foreign Relations, Dies". The New York Times. 2 February 2006.
- ^ "The Hon Dwight Makins and Mrs J. Rolls". The Telegraph.
- ^ "No. 36309". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1943. p. 6.
- ^ "No. 38628". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 June 1949. p. 2797.
- ^ "No. 39732". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 1952. p. 4.
- ^ "No. 40366". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1954. p. 5.
- ^ "No. 41909". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1959. p. 4.
- ^ "No. 43370". The London Gazette. 30 June 1964. p. 5649.
- ^ "Fellows 1660–2007" (PDF). Royal Society. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
- ^ "Sherfield, Baron (UK, 1964)".
External links edit
- Interview about the Korean War for the WGBH-TV series, War and Peace in the Nuclear Age
- Artworks in the Makins Collection at the Bridgeman Art Library