The Diocese of Pitigliano-Sovana-Orbetello (Latin: Dioecesis Pitilianensis-Soanensis-Urbetelliensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Siena-Colle di Val d'Elsa-Montalcino, in Tuscany.[1][2] The diocese of Sovana had originally been directly dependent upon the Holy See, and its bishops attended the pope's synods. When Pope Pius II, who was a Piccolomini of Siena, created the metropolitan archdiocese of Siena, he made Sovana one of its suffragan dioceses.[3] The bishops of Sovana usually resided in the former palace of the Orsini in Pitigliano, which was given to Bishop Francesco Pio Santi (1776–1789) by the Grand Duke of Tuscany.[4]
Diocese of Pitigliano-Sovana-Orbetello Dioecesis Pitilianensis-Soanensis-Urbetelliensis | |
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Location | |
Country | Italy |
Ecclesiastical province | Siena-Colle di Val d'Elsa-Montalcino |
Statistics | |
Area | 2,177 km2 (841 sq mi) |
Population - Total - Catholics | (as of 2021) 67,800 (est.) 66,500 (guess) |
Parishes | 71 |
Information | |
Denomination | Catholic Church |
Rite | Roman Rite |
Established | 7th century |
Cathedral | Cattedrale di SS. Pietro e Paolo (Pitigliano) |
Co-cathedral | Concattedrale di S. Maria Assunta (Orbetello) Former cathedral: Former cattedrale di SS. Pietro e Paolo (Sovana) |
Secular priests | 46 (diocesan) 11 (Religious orders) 10 Permanent Deacons |
Current leadership | |
Pope | Francis |
Bishop | Giovanni Roncari, O.F.M. Cap. |
Map | |
Website | |
www.diocesipitigliano.it |
The bishop has his seat in the Cattedrale di Ss. Pietro e Paolo, dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul, in Pitigliano, a part of the province of Grosseto; the municipality of Sovana (Soana) in Toscana also has a Co-Cathedral named in honour of Saint Peter. Orbetello has the Concattedrale di S. Maria Assunta (S. Biagio), dedicated to the Assumption and St. Biagio.
The two towns, Sovana and Pitigliano, are situated in the Province of Grosseto, Central Italy. The Diocese of Sovana, was in existence by 680, and was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Siena. Sovana was an ancient Etruscan city, and preserved a certain importance till the end of the thirteenth century, having been the capital of the counts of Aldobrandeschi, lords of Southern Tuscany, from the days of Charlemagne.
In 1230 the diocese lost territory which had been given as a gift to Territorial Abbacy of Santi Vincenzo ed Anastasio alle tre Fontane in Rome. In 1240 the city withstood a siege by Emperor Frederick II. Later it passed under the sway of the Orsini family, who transferred their residence to Pitigliano, mentioned for the first time in 1081.[citation needed]
In 1401 the city fell into the power of the Republic of Siena. In 1434 Count Gentile Orsini having been killed at Sovana, the people of Pitigliano put the town to fire and sword, and brought about its destruction.[citation needed]
On 22 April 1459, Pope Pius II issued the bull "Triumphans Pastor", in which he raised the diocese of Siena to metropolitan status, and assigned to it as suffragans the dioceses of Sovana, Chiusi, Massa, and Grosseto.[5]
The territory of this diocese includes the Vallombrosan Abbey of Monte Calvello, which was transferred in 1496 by Pope Alexander VI a new abbey within the city walls.[6]
The diocesan seminary was founded by Bishop Domenico Maria della Ciaja, O.P. (1688–1713).[citation needed]
On 11 January 1844,[7] Pope Gregory XVI created the diocese of Pitigliano, and assigned it aeque principaliter to the bishop of Sovana. The diocese was renamed as Diocese of Sovana–Pitigliano (Soanensis–Pitilianensis in Latin), and the former collegiate church of Saints Peter and Paul in Pitigliano became the new cathedral.[8]
The Second Vatican Council, in order to ensure that all Catholics received proper spiritual attention, decreed the reorganization of the diocesan structure of Italy and the consolidation of small and struggling dioceses. It also recommended the abolition of anomalous units such as exempt territorial prelatures.[9] The territorial Abbey of Saints Vincent and Anastasius in suburban Rome was one of them, having been suppressed in 1812, then handed over to the Friars Minor in 1825, though malaria drove them out; in 1867, the Cistercians took over the abbey with a contingent of Trappist friars. The widely dispersed properties which belonged to the abbey and the Catholics living on them had come to be neglected. After extensive consultation, therefore, Pope John Paul II issued the apostolic constitution Abbatia SS. Vincentii on 25 March 1981, which reassigned various territories of the abbey to the dioceses in which they were situated. Properties in Tuscany at Orbetello, Monte Argentarii, Isola Igilii, and Capalbi, along with the parishes established in them, as well as oratories, chapels, cemeteries, and all other ecclesiastical goods, were assigned to the diocese of Sovana-Pitigliano. The diocese's name was changed to Diocese of Sovana–Pitigliano–Orbetello.[10]
On 30 September 1986, the diocese was renamed Diocese of Pitigliano–Sovana–Orbetello (Pitilianensis–Soanensis–Urbetelliensis in Latin), taking into account regulations that favoured the larger and more important city.[11]
The cathedral of Pitigliano began as a simple parish church, dedicated to S. Mark the Evangelist. In 1509, Pope Julius II raised the parish church to the dignity of a collegiate church, dedicated to Ss. Peter and Paul.[12] It was administered by a Chapter, composed of an Archpriest and eight Canons.[13]
In 1669, the Chapter of the cathedral of S. Pietro in Sovana had one dignity and three Canons.[14] Ughelli (1725) notes that there were two dignities (the Provost and the Dean) and three Canons. There were two parishes in the city of some 400 persons, one of which was the cathedral, whose Provost had the care of the souls of the parishioners.[15]
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.[16]
The first synod held in the diocese of Sovana following the decrees of the Council of Trent on the regular holding of synods took place on 2 May 1601, under the direction of Bishop Metello Bichi (1596–1606).[17]
Bishop Ottavio Saraceni (1606–1623) held a synod in Sovana on 1 June 1620.[18] In 1626, Bishop Scipione Tancredi (1624–1637) presided over a diocesan synod.[19] On 9 May 1630, he presided over his fifth diocesan synod.[20] Bishop Enea di Cesare Spennazzi (1638–1644) held a diocesan synod in Sovana in 1639.[21] On 15 October 1682, Bishop Pier Maria Bichi, O.S.B. (1673–1684) convened a diocesan synod in Pitigliano.[22] A diocesan synod was held by Bishop Domenico Maria della Ciaja, O.P. (1688–1713) on 9 May 1690 in Sovana; on 20 April 1693 in Scansano; on 15 May 1696 in Pitigliano; on 22 May 1703 in Pitigliano; and on 3–4 May 1706 in Pitigliano;[23] he held his sixth synod in Pitigliano on 13 May 1709.[24]
Bishop Cristoforo Palmieri (1728–1739) held a diocesan synod in Soana on 16–17 June 1732.[25] Bishop Tiberio Borghesi (1762–1772) presided over a diocesan synod in 1768.[26]
On 23–24 September 1936, Bishop Stanislao Battistelli (1932–1952) presided over a diocesan synod in Pitigliano, in the episcopal palace. He celebrated another synod in July 1946, which constituted the occasion on which Pope Pius XII declared Pope Gregory VII the co-patron of the diocese.[27]
Name Changed: 25 March 1981
Latin Name: Soanensis-Pitilianensis-Urbetelliensis
42°38′04″N 11°40′06″E / 42.6344°N 11.6683°E