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Rosemary Carpenter

Summary

Not to be confused with Rosemary Carpenter Fitzgerald.

Rosemary Carpenter
Alma materUniversity of East Anglia
Scientific career
InstitutionsJohn Innes Centre
ThesisStudies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus (1998)

Rosemary Carpenter is a British plant geneticist known for her work on members of the genus Antirrhinum, commonly known as a snapdragon, for which she and Enrico Coen were awarded the 2004 Darwin Medal by the Royal Society.[1]

Career edit

Starting in the 1960, Carpenter worked with Brian Harrison at the John Innes Centre on unstable mutants of the snapdragon Antirrhinum.[2] After meeting Carpenter during an interview at the John Innes Centre in 1983, Enrico Coen joined the center and they began a long collaboration with him using snapdragons as a model system to understand jumping genes and evolution.[3][2] They applied a combination of molecular, genetic and morphological approaches to snapdragons with the goal of elucidating patterns in flower development[4] using the hundreds of Antirrhihum mutants established by Carpenter.[5] Carpenter retired in 2003.[6]

 
Carpenter is a plant geneticist who worked on Antirrhinum, snapdragons.

Research edit

Carpenter is a plant geneticist known for her research on the population genetics of the snapdragon, Antirrhihum.[7][2] Working with Brian Harrison in the 1970s, she defined genetic instabilities in Antirrhinum and the role of temperature in controlling the rate of instability of specific genes[8][9] and transposable elements that occur in both maize and snapdragons.[10] This was the first time a link between genetic instability and Antirrhihum was formalized, a milestone in research using snapdragons.[11] The instability of genes in snapdragons begin Carpenter's collaboration with Enrico Coen, where they first worked on transposons and the effect of temperature on the excision of specific genes[12] and how the transposable elements cause variability in gene expression.[13][14] Carpenter, Coen, and their students isolated the genes controlling floral development.[15][16][17] These genetic investigations allowed them to define the patterns of color,[18][19] shape,[20][21][22] and floral asymmetry[23][24] in snapdragons and other plants. Carpenter's research on snapdragons includes investigations of how snapdragons select their colors using small RNA,[25] which alter the selection of colors in the snapdragons.[26]

Selected publications edit

  • Carpenter, R; Coen, E S (1 September 1990). "Floral homeotic mutations produced by transposon-mutagenesis in Antirrhinum majus". Genes & Development. 4 (9): 1483–1493. doi:10.1101/gad.4.9.1483. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 1979295.
  • Coen, Enrico S.; Romero, JoséM.; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 63 (6): 1311–1322. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-F. PMID 1702033. S2CID 46586130.
  • Carpenter, R.; Coen, E.S. (1 January 1995). "Transposon induced chimeras show that floricaula, a meristem identity gene, acts non-autonomously between cell layers". Development. 121 (1): 19–26. doi:10.1242/dev.121.1.19. ISSN 0950-1991. PMID 7867500.
  • Luo, Da; Carpenter, Rosemary; Vincent, Coral; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (1996). "Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum". Nature. 383 (6603): 794–799. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..794L. doi:10.1038/383794a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8893002. S2CID 2188470.
  • Bradley, Desmond; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Vincent, Coral; Rothstein, Steven; Coen, Enrico (February 1996). "Control of inflorescence architecture in Antirrhinum". Nature. 379 (6568): 791–797. Bibcode:1996Natur.379..791B. doi:10.1038/379791a0. PMID 8587601. S2CID 998958.

References edit

  1. ^ "Award winners: Darwin Medal". Royal Society.
  2. ^ a b c Coen, E. S. (1996). "Floral symmetry". The EMBO Journal. 15 (24): 6777–6788. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01069.x. PMC 452503. PMID 9003753.
  3. ^ "Flower Development, E Coen and R Carpenter, Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". 20 February 2002. Archived from the original on 20 February 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  4. ^ "E.Coen and R.Caprpenter, Flower Development, Research Programme". 11 March 2002. Archived from the original on 11 March 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  5. ^ "Return of the snapdragon". Nature Plants. 5 (2): 121. 2019. doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0377-0. ISSN 2055-0278. PMID 30737515.
  6. ^ "Past members - Flower Development, E Coen , Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". rico-coen.jic.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  7. ^ Carpenter, Rosemary (1998). Studies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus (Thesis).
  8. ^ Harrison, Brian J; Carpenter, Rosemary (1973). "A comparison of the instabilities at the Nivea and Pallida loci in Antirrhinum majus". Heredity. 31 (3): 309–323. doi:10.1038/hdy.1973.88. ISSN 0018-067X. S2CID 21953999.
  9. ^ Harrison, Brian J.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1 November 1979). "Resurgence of genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus". Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 63 (1): 47–66. doi:10.1016/0027-5107(79)90103-9. ISSN 0027-5107.
  10. ^ Sommer, Hans; Carpenter, Rosemary; Harrison, Brian J.; Saedler, Heinz (1985). "The transposable element Tam3 of Antirrhinum majus generates a novel type of sequence alterations upon excision". Molecular and General Genetics. 199 (2): 225–231. doi:10.1007/BF00330263. ISSN 0026-8925. S2CID 8399480.
  11. ^ Schwarz-Sommer, Zsuzsanna; Davies, Brendan; Hudson, Andrew (2003). "An everlasting pioneer: the story of Antirrhinum research". Nature Reviews Genetics. 4 (8): 655–664. doi:10.1038/nrg1127. hdl:1842/704. ISSN 1471-0056. PMID 12897777. S2CID 205482851.
  12. ^ Martin, Cathie; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Saedler, Heinz; Coen, Enrico S. (1985). "Molecular analysis of instability in flower pigmentation of Antirrhinum majus , following isolation of the pallida locus by transposon tagging". The EMBO Journal. 4 (7): 1625–1630. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03829.x. PMC 554396. PMID 16453618.
  13. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie (1986). "Transposable elements generate novel spatial patterns of gene expression in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 47 (2): 285–296. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90451-4. PMID 3021338. S2CID 24465394.
  14. ^ Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie; Coen, Enrico S. (1987). "Comparison of genetic behaviour of the transposable element Tam3 at two unlinked pigment loci in Antirrhinum majus". Molecular and General Genetics. 207 (1): 82–89. doi:10.1007/BF00331494. ISSN 0026-8925. S2CID 31982611.
  15. ^ Carpenter, R; Coen, E S (1 September 1990). "Floral homeotic mutations produced by transposon-mutagenesis in Antirrhinum majus". Genes & Development. 4 (9): 1483–1493. doi:10.1101/gad.4.9.1483. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 1979295.
  16. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Romero, JoséM.; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 63 (6): 1311–1322. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-F. PMID 1702033. S2CID 46586130.
  17. ^ Goodrich, Justin; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico S. (1992). "A common gene regulates pigmentation pattern in diverse plant species". Cell. 68 (5): 955–964. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90038-E. PMID 1547495. S2CID 42832523.
  18. ^ Bradley, Desmond; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Hartley, Nigel; Coen, Enrico (1993). "Complementary floral homeotic phenotypes result from opposite orientations of a transposon at the plena locus of antirrhinum". Cell. 72 (1): 85–95. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90052-R. PMID 8093684. S2CID 23878779.
  19. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1993). "The Metamorphosis of Flowers". The Plant Cell. 5 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.2307/3869771. JSTOR 3869771. PMC 160351. PMID 12271021.
  20. ^ Carpenter, R; Copsey, L; Vincent, C; Doyle, S; Magrath, R; Coen, E (1995). "Control of flower development and phyllotaxy by meristem identity genes in antirrhinum". The Plant Cell. 7 (12): 2001–2011. doi:10.1105/tpc.7.12.2001. ISSN 1040-4651. PMC 161057. PMID 8718618.
  21. ^ Luo, Da; Carpenter, Rosemary; Vincent, Coral; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (1996). "Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum". Nature. 383 (6603): 794–799. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..794L. doi:10.1038/383794a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8893002. S2CID 2188470.
  22. ^ Da Luo; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Vincent, Coral; Clark, Jennifer; Coen, Enrico (1999). "Control of Organ Asymmetry in Flowers of Antirrhinum". Cell. 99 (4): 367–376. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81523-8. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 10571179. S2CID 14346487.
  23. ^ Nath, Utpal; Crawford, Brian C. W.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico (28 February 2003). "Genetic Control of Surface Curvature". Science. 299 (5611): 1404–1407. doi:10.1126/science.1079354. PMID 12610308. S2CID 8059321.
  24. ^ Corley, Susie B.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (5 April 2005). "Floral asymmetry involves an interplay between TCP and MYB transcription factors in Antirrhinum". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (14): 5068–5073. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.5068C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501340102. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 555980. PMID 15790677.
  25. ^ Bradley, Desmond; Xu, Ping; Mohorianu, Irina-Ioana; Whibley, Annabel; Field, David; Tavares, Hugo; Couchman, Matthew; Copsey, Lucy; Carpenter, Rosemary; Li, Miaomiao; Li, Qun (17 November 2017). "Evolution of flower color pattern through selection on regulatory small RNAs". Science. 358 (6365): 925–928. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..925B. doi:10.1126/science.aao3526. PMID 29146812. S2CID 5060290.
  26. ^ Centre, John Innes. "How Snapdragons keep their colour: Signposting trick reveals evolutionary mechanism". phys.org. Retrieved 25 September 2021.

External links edit

  • Antirrhinum Stock Collection, archived images of snapdragon variants
  • CA 2230511A1  "Flowering genes" - for the CENTRORADIALIS (CEN) gene in Antirrhinum

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