Summary
Coordinates: 
23h 41m 55.0361s, +44° 10′ 38.825″
Ross 248, also called HH Andromedae or Gliese 905, is a small star approximately 10.30 light-years (3.16 parsecs)[11] from Earth in the northern constellation of Andromeda. Despite its proximity it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.[12] It was first catalogued by Frank Elmore Ross in 1926 with his second list of proper-motion stars;[13] on which count it ranks 261st in the SIMBAD database. It was too dim to be included in the Hipparcos survey. In about 40,000 years, Voyager 2 will pass 1.7 light-years (9.7 trillion miles) from the star.
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Andromeda |
| Right ascension | 23h 41m 55.0361s[1] |
| Declination | +44° 10′ 38.825″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.23 - 12.34[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | M6 V[3] |
| U−B color index | +1.48[citation needed] |
| B−V color index | +1.92[citation needed] |
| Variable type | BY Dra[2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | –75.2 ± 3.7[4] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 112.692±0.153[1] mas/yr Dec.: −1592.055±0.112[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 316.4812 ± 0.0444 mas[5] |
| Distance | 10.306 ± 0.001 ly (3.1597 ± 0.0004 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 14.79[6] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 0.136[3] M☉ |
| Radius | 0.16[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.0018[8] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 5.12[9] cgs |
| Temperature | 2,799[9] K |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 1.2[3] km/s |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
  Ross 248 Location of Ross 248 in the constellation Andromeda | |
Within the next 80,000 years, Ross 248 is predicted to be the nearest star to the Sun for a brief time, overtaking the current nearest star, the triple system Alpha Centauri.
CharacteristicsEdit
This star has about 12% of the Sun's mass and 16% of the Sun's radius, but only 0.2% of the Sun's luminosity. It has a stellar classification of M6 V,[3] which indicates it is a type of main-sequence star known as a red dwarf. This is a chromospherically-active star.[14] With high probability, there appears to be a long-term cycle of variability with a period of 4.2 years. This variability causes the star to range in visual magnitude from 12.23 to 12.34.[15] In 1950, this became the first star to have a small variation in magnitude attributed to spots on its photosphere as it rotates,[16] a class known as BY Draconis variables.[2]
Examining the proper motion of Ross 248 has found no evidence of a brown dwarf or stellar companion orbiting between 100–1400 AU,[17] and other unsuccessful searches have been attempted using both the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera[6] and by near-infrared speckle interferometry.[18] Long-term observations by the Sproul Observatory show no astrometric perturbations by any unseen companion.[16]
Distance from the SunEdit
The space velocity components of this star in the galactic coordinate system are [U, V, W] = [–32.9 ± 0.7, –74.3 ± 1.3, 0.0 ± 1.4] km/s.[11] The trajectory of Ross 248 will bring it closer to the Solar System. In 1993, Matthews projected that in about 33,000 years it would enter a period of about 9,000 years as the closest star to the Sun, as close as 3.024 light-years (0.927 parsecs) in 36,000 years.[19]
Any future spacecraft that escaped the Solar System with a velocity of 25.4 km/s would reach this star 37,000 years from now, when the star just passes its nearest approach. By comparison, the Voyager 1 has an escape velocity of 16.6 km/s.[20]
The closest stellar neighbors to Ross 248 are Groombridge 34, at 1.8 light-years away, and Kruger 60, at 4.5 light-years.[21]
Field starEdit
Ross 248 is located nearly along the line of sight to star PLX 5735 but is not physically associated.
| Name | PLX 5735 |
|---|---|
| Right ascension | 23h 41m 54s |
| Declination | +44° 14′ 00″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.6 |
| Spectral type | A5 |
| Absolute stellar parallax | 0.7846 |
| Distance in light years | 4,200 |
| Database references | Simbad |
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ a b c d Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
- ^ a b c d Jenkins, J. S.; Ramsey, L. W.; Jones, H. R. A.; Pavlenko, Y.; Gallardo, J.; Barnes, J. R.; Pinfield, D. J. (October 2009). "Rotational Velocities for M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 704 (2): 975–988. arXiv:0908.4092. Bibcode:2009ApJ...704..975J. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/975. S2CID 119203469.
- ^ Deshpande, R.; Martín, Eduardo L.; Montgomery, M. M.; Zapatero-Osorio, María Rosa; Rodler, F.; del Burgo, C.; Bao, N. Phan; Lyubchik, Y.; Tata, R.; Bouy, H.; Pavlenko, Y. (2012). "Intermediate Resolution Near-infrared Spectroscopy of 36 Late M Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 144 (4): 99. arXiv:1207.2781. Bibcode:2012AJ....144...99D. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/144/4/99. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 119301281.
- ^ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b Schroeder, Daniel J.; et al. (2000). "A Search for Faint Companions to Nearby Stars Using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2". The Astronomical Journal. 119 (2): 906–922. Bibcode:2000AJ....119..906S. doi:10.1086/301227.
- ^ Johnson, H. M.; Wright, C. D. (November 1983). "Predicted infrared brightness of stars within 25 parsecs of the Sun". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 53: 643–711, 705. Bibcode:1983ApJS...53..643J. doi:10.1086/190905.
- ^ West, Frederick R. (June 1999). "Monitoring Nearby Stars for Transits by Extrasolar Jovial Planets, II: Transits of M-Type (Red) Dwarf Stars by Close Extrasolar Giant (Jovian) Planets". The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers. 27 (1): 77–78. Bibcode:1999JAVSO..27...77W.
- ^ a b Cenarro, A. J.; et al. (2007). "Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope Library of Empirical Spectra – II. The Stellar Atmospheric Parameters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 374 (2): 664–690. arXiv:astro-ph/0611618. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.374..664C. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11196.x. S2CID 119428437.
- ^ "V* HH And". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
- ^ a b Leggett, S. K. (September 1992). "Infrared colors of low-mass stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 82 (1): 351–394. Bibcode:1992ApJS...82..351L. doi:10.1086/191720.
- ^ Routray, Sudhir K. (2004). Light Years Away: The Whole Creation at a Glance. iUniverse. p. 31. ISBN 0-595-33582-9.
- ^ Ross, Frank E. (February 1926). "New proper-motion stars, (second list)". Astronomical Journal. 36 (856): 124–128. Bibcode:1926AJ.....36..124R. doi:10.1086/104699.
- ^ Poveda, Arcadio; Allen, Christine; Herrera, Miguel Angel (1996). "Chromospheric Activity, Stellar Winds and Red Stragglers". Workshop on Colliding Winds in Binary Stars to Honor Jorge Sahade. Vol. 5. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. pp. 16–20. Bibcode:1996RMxAC...5...16P.
- ^ Weis, Edward W. (March 1994). "Long term variability in dwarf M stars". Astronomical Journal. 107 (3): 1135–1140. Bibcode:1994AJ....107.1135W. doi:10.1086/116925.
- ^ a b Lippincott, S. L. (July 1978). "Astrometric search for unseen stellar and sub-stellar companions to nearby stars and the possibility of their detection". Space Science Reviews. 22 (2): 153–189. Bibcode:1978SSRv...22..153L. doi:10.1007/BF00212072. S2CID 123491684.
- ^ Hinz, Joannah L.; et al. (February 2002). "A Near-Infrared, Wide-Field, Proper-Motion Search for Brown Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 123 (4): 2027–2032. arXiv:astro-ph/0201140. Bibcode:2002AJ....123.2027H. doi:10.1086/339555. S2CID 12737223.
- ^ Leinert, C.; Henry, T.; Glindemann, A.; McCarthy, D. W. Jr. (September 1997). "A search for companions to nearby southern M dwarfs with near-infrared speckle interferometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 325: 159–166. Bibcode:1997A&A...325..159L.
- ^ Matthews, R. A. J. (Spring 1994). "The Close Approach of Stars in the Solar Neighborhood". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 35 (1): 1. Bibcode:1994QJRAS..35....1M.
- ^ West, F. R. (March 1985). "A Suggested Future Space Mission to the Low-Luminosity Star Ross 248=Gliese 905". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 17: 552. Bibcode:1985BAAS...17..552W.
- ^ "Ross 248". Sol Station. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
SourcesEdit
- Riaz, Basmah; Gizis, John E.; Harvin, James (2006). "Identification of New M Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (2): 866–872. arXiv:astro-ph/0606617. Bibcode:2006AJ....132..866R. doi:10.1086/505632. Table 1.
- Dittmann, Jason A.; Irwin, Jonathan M.; Charbonneau, David; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K. (2014). "Trigonometric Parallaxes for 1507 Nearby Mid-to-late M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 784 (2): 156. arXiv:1312.3241. Bibcode:2014ApJ...784..156D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/156. S2CID 18789867. Table with parallaxes.
External linksEdit
- "Ross 248". Sol Station.
- SolStation.com: Ross 248
- Image HH Andromedae
