S4 Index

Summary

The Index is a standard index used to measure ionospheric disturbances. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation of signal intensity to the average signal intensity.[1]

Real Time data edit

This parameter is displayed in real time by many institutions:

  • at Arecibo Observatory
  • at Cornell University
  • at INPE, in Brasil

References edit

  1. ^ Basu, Santimay; Basu, Sunanda. Scintillation technique for probing Ionospheric irregularities. p. 128.