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SM UB-23

Summary

SM UB-23[Note 1] was a German Type UB II submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 30 April 1915 and launched on 9 October 1915. She was commissioned into the Imperial German Navy on 13 March 1916 as SM UB-23. The submarine sank 51 ships in 21 patrols for a total of 33,880 gross register tons (GRT).[8] On 26 July 1917, UB-23 was badly damaged by a depth charge attack by HMS PC-60 off the Lizard; she put in at Corunna, Spain, on 29 July 1917 and was interned.[9] On 22 January 1919 she was surrendered to France in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany, and she was broken up in Cherbourg in July 1921.

SM UB-45, a U-boat similar to UB-23
History
German Empire
NameUB-23
Ordered30 April 1915[1]
BuilderBlohm & Voss, Hamburg[1]
Yard number253[1]
Launched9 October 1915[1]
Commissioned13 March 1916[1]
FateInterned at Corunna, Spain, 29 July 1917
General characteristics [2]
Class and typeGerman Type UB II submarine
Displacement
  • 263 t (259 long tons) surfaced
  • 292 t (287 long tons) submerged
Length
Beam
  • 4.36 m (14 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 3.85 m (13 ft) pressure hull
Draught3.70 m (12 ft 2 in)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 9.15 knots (16.95 km/h; 10.53 mph) surfaced
  • 5.81 knots (10.76 km/h; 6.69 mph) submerged
Range
  • 6,450 nmi (11,950 km; 7,420 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) surfaced
  • 45 nmi (83 km; 52 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth50 m (160 ft)
Complement2 officers, 21 men
Armament
Notes45-second diving time
Service record
Part of:
  • Flandern Flotilla
  • 19 May 1916 – 29 July 1917
Commanders:
  • Oblt.z.S. Ernst Voigt[3]
  • 13 March – 9 November 1916
  • Oblt.z.S. Heinz Ziemer[4]
  • 10 November 1916 – 5 February 1917
  • Oblt.z.S. Herbert Lefholz[5]
  • 6 – 18 February 1917
  • Oblt.z.S. Matthias Graf von Schmettow[6]
  • 19 February – 19 March 1917
  • Oblt.z.S. Hans Ewald Niemer[7]
  • 20 March – 29 July 1917
Operations: 21 patrols
Victories:
  • 51 merchant ships sunk
    (33,880 GRT)
  • 1 merchant ship damaged
    (419 GRT)

Design edit

A German Type UB II submarine, UB-23 had a displacement of 263 tonnes (259 long tons) when at the surface and 292 tonnes (287 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 36.13 m (118 ft 6 in), a beam of 4.36 m (14 ft 4 in), and a draught of 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in). The submarine was powered by two Körting six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engines each producing a total 280 metric horsepower (280 shp; 210 kW), a Siemens-Schuckert electric motor producing 206 kilowatts (276 shp; 280 PS), and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at depths of up to 50 metres (160 ft).[2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 9.15 knots (16.95 km/h; 10.53 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 5.81 knots (10.76 km/h; 6.69 mph). When submerged, she could operate for 45 nautical miles (83 km; 52 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 6,650 nautical miles (12,320 km; 7,650 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph). UB-23 was fitted with two 50 centimetres (20 in) torpedo tubes, four torpedoes, and one 5 cm (2.0 in) SK L/40 deck gun. She had a complement of twenty-one crew members and two officers and a 45-second dive time.[2]

Summary of raiding history edit

Date Name Nationality Tonnage[Note 2] Fate[10]
4 July 1916 Queen Bee   United Kingdom 34 Sunk
5 July 1916 Annie Anderson   United Kingdom 77 Sunk
5 July 1916 Peep O’ Day   United Kingdom 52 Sunk
6 July 1916 Girl Bessie   United Kingdom 62 Sunk
6 July 1916 Nancy Hunnam   United Kingdom 58 Sunk
6 July 1916 Newark Castle   United Kingdom 85 Sunk
6 July 1916 Petunia   United Kingdom 58 Sunk
6 July 1916 Watchful   United Kingdom 52 Sunk
24 July 1916 Mary   Norway 560 Sunk
26 July 1916 Kentigern   Norway 796 Sunk
27 July 1916 Agenda   Norway 226 Sunk
28 July 1916 Andrew Ina   United Kingdom 50 Sunk
28 July 1916 Good Design   United Kingdom 40 Sunk
28 July 1916 Jane Stewart   United Kingdom 15 Sunk
28 July 1916 Janet Overstone   United Kingdom 15 Sunk
28 July 1916 Johan   United Kingdom 49 Sunk
28 July 1916 Renown   United Kingdom 61 Sunk
28 July 1916 Speedwell   United Kingdom 11 Sunk
28 July 1916 Spero Meliora   United Kingdom 11 Sunk
28 July 1916 Volunteer   United Kingdom 15 Sunk
3 September 1916 General Archinard   France 355 Sunk
6 September 1916 Britannia   United Kingdom 48 Sunk
7 September 1916 Emma   France 19 Sunk
7 September 1916 Farfadet   France 17 Sunk
7 September 1916 Jeanne D’Arc   France 17 Sunk
7 September 1916 Leonine   France 20 Sunk
8 September 1916 Marie Louise   France 157 Sunk
8 September 1916 Mayo   Spain 1,880 Sunk
9 September 1916 Gemma   Kingdom of Italy 3,111 Sunk
9 September 1916 Remora   France 92 Sunk
21 October 1916 Julia   France 166 Sunk
21 October 1916 Snestad   Norway 2,350 Sunk
23 October 1916 Alf   Denmark 196 Sunk
23 October 1916 Antoine Allosia   France 29 Sunk
23 October 1916 Saint Pierre   France 151 Sunk
23 October 1916 Venus II   Norway 784 Sunk
26 October 1916 Saint Yves   France 165 Sunk
30 November 1916 Gaete   France 170 Sunk
2 December 1916 Harpalus   United Kingdom 1,445 Sunk
4 December 1916 Nervion   Norway 1,921 Sunk
8 December 1916 Conch   United Kingdom 5,620 Sunk
7 January 1917 Brenda   United Kingdom 249 Sunk
2 February 1917 Gabrielle   France 1,410 Sunk
31 March 1917 Hestia   Netherlands 959 Sunk
31 March 1917 Lisbeth   Norway 1,621 Sunk
4 April 1917 Trevier   Belgium 3,006 Sunk
18 April 1917 Marcel   Belgium 24 Sunk
31 May 1917 Dirigo   United States 3,004 Sunk
2 June 1917 Prudence   United Kingdom 25 Sunk
5 June 1917 Laura Ann   United Kingdom 116 Sunk
30 June 1917 Ilston   United Kingdom 2,426 Sunk
4 July 1917 Gloire à Dieu   France 419 Damaged

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" (English: His Majesty's) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine.
  2. ^ Tonnages are in gross register tons

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Rössler 1979, p. 64.
  2. ^ a b c Gröner 1991, pp. 23–25.
  3. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Ernst Voigt (Royal House Order of Hohenzollern)". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  4. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Heinz Ziemer". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  5. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Herbert Lefholz". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  6. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Matthias Graf von Schmettow (Royal House Order of Hohenzollern)". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  7. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Hans Ewald Niemer". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  8. ^ Bendert 2000, p. 195.
  9. ^ "UB 23". Uboat.net. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  10. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by UB 23". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2015.

Bibliography edit

  • Bendert, Harald (2000). Die UB-Boote der Kaiserlichen Marine, 1914-1918. Einsätze, Erfolge, Schicksal (in German). Hamburg: Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH. ISBN 3-8132-0713-7.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
  • Rössler, Eberhard (1979). Die deutschen U-Boote und ihre Werften: eine Bilddokumentation über den deutschen U-Bootbau; in zwei Bänden (in German). Vol. I. Munich: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN 3-7637-5213-7.

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