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Solar eclipse of December 14, 2020

Summary

A total solar eclipse took place on Monday, December 14, 2020, when the Moon passed between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth.[1][2][3][4][5] Totality occurred in a narrow path across Earth's surface across parts of the South Pacific Ocean, southern South America, and the South Atlantic Ocean, when the Moon's apparent diameter was larger than the Sun's so all direct sunlight was blocked. The partial solar eclipse was visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide, including parts of the Pacific Ocean, South America, southwestern Africa, and the Atlantic Ocean. The Moon's apparent diameter was larger than average because the eclipse occurred only 1.8 days after perigee (on December 12, 2020).

Solar eclipse of December 14, 2020
Totality as viewed from Gorbea, Chile
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma−0.2939
Magnitude1.0254
Maximum eclipse
Duration130 s (2 min 10 s)
Coordinates40°18′S 67°54′W / 40.3°S 67.9°W / -40.3; -67.9
Max. width of band90 km (56 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse16:14:39
References
Saros142 (23 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000)9554

Visibility edit

 
Animated path

Chile edit

Totality made landfall in Puerto Saavedra, before traversing through portions of Araucanía Region, Los Ríos Region, and a very small part of Bío Bío Region.[6] Cities in the path included Temuco, Villarrica, and Pucón. Totality was also visible on Mocha Island. The eclipse's path was similar to the solar eclipse of February 26, 2017. It occurred just 17 months after the solar eclipse of July 2, 2019 and, like the 2019 eclipse, was also visible from Chile and Argentina. It was also a partial solar eclipse in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

Argentina edit

Totality was visible across the Northern Patagonia (specifically the provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro), passing through cities including Piedra del Águila, Sierra Colorada, Ministro Ramos Mexía, Junín de los Andes, and partially in San Martín de los Andes and San Carlos de Bariloche.

Scientific observations edit

The ionospheric effects of the eclipse were expected to be monitored as part of the December 2020 Eclipse Festival of Frequency Measurement, a citizen science experiment organized through the Amateur Radio Science Citizen Investigation (HamSCI).[7] Also, a prediction was made for a group of ionospheric stations in South America, using a numerical model (SUPIM-INPE), of the ionospheric response to this event.[8]

Gallery edit

Related eclipses edit

This eclipse took place one lunar year after the Solar eclipse of December 26, 2019.

Eclipses of 2020 edit

Tzolkinex edit

Half-Saros cycle edit

Tritos edit

Solar Saros 142 edit

Inex edit

Triad edit

  • Followed: Solar eclipse of October 16, 2107

Solar eclipses of 2018–2021 edit

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[9]

Note: Partial solar eclipses on February 15, 2018, and August 11, 2018, occurred during the previous semester series.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2018 to 2021
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
117
 
Partial from Melbourne, Australia 		2018 July 13
 
Partial 		−1.35423 122
 
Partial from Nakhodka, Russia 		2019 January 6
 
Partial 		1.14174
127
 
La Serena, Chile 		2019 July 2
 
Total 		−0.64656 132
 
Jaffna, Sri Lanka 		2019 December 26
 
Annular 		0.41351
137
 
Beigang, Yunlin, Taiwan 		2020 June 21
 
Annular 		0.12090 142
 
Gorbea, Chile 		2020 December 14
 
Total 		−0.29394
147
 
Partial from Halifax, Canada 		2021 June 10
 
Annular 		0.91516 152
 
From HMS Protector off South Georgia 		2021 December 4
 
Total 		−0.95261

Saros 142 edit

It is a part of Saros cycle 142, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, containing 72 events. The series started with partial solar eclipse on April 17, 1624. It contains one hybrid eclipse on July 14, 1768, and total eclipses from July 25, 1786 through October 29, 2543. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on June 5, 2904. The longest duration of totality will be 6 minutes, 34 seconds on May 28, 2291. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon’s descending node.[10]

Series members 17–41 occur between 1901 and 2359
17 18 19
 
October 10, 1912 		 
October 21, 1930 		 
November 1, 1948
20 21 22
 
November 12, 1966 		 
November 22, 1984 		 
December 4, 2002
23 24 25
 
December 14, 2020  
December 26, 2038 		 
January 5, 2057
26 27 28
 
January 16, 2075 		 
January 27, 2093 		 
February 8, 2111
29 30 31
 
February 18, 2129 		 
March 2, 2147 		 
March 12, 2165
32 33 34
 
March 23, 2183 		 
April 4, 2201 		 
April 15, 2219
35 36 37
 
April 25, 2237 		 
May 7, 2255 		 
May 17, 2273
38 39 40
 
May 28, 2291 		 
June 9, 2309 		 
June 20, 2327
41
 
June 30, 2345

Metonic cycle edit

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

21 events between July 22, 1971 and July 22, 2047
July 21–22 May 9–11 February 26–27 December 14–15 October 2–3
116 118 120 122 124
 
July 22, 1971 		 
May 11, 1975 		 
February 26, 1979 		 
December 15, 1982 		 
October 3, 1986
126 128 130 132 134
 
July 22, 1990 		 
May 10, 1994 		 
February 26, 1998 		 
December 14, 2001 		 
October 3, 2005
136 138 140 142 144
 
July 22, 2009 		 
May 10, 2013 		 
February 26, 2017 		 
December 14, 2020  
October 2, 2024
146 148 150 152 154
 
July 22, 2028 		 
May 9, 2032 		 
February 27, 2036 		 
December 15, 2039 		 
October 3, 2043
156
 
July 22, 2047

References edit

  1. ^ Urrutia, Doris Elin (December 14, 2020). "Only total solar eclipse of 2020 thrills spectators in South America". Space.com.
  2. ^ "Thousands watch solar eclipse in Chile but fog and clouds mar view". December 14, 2020 – via www.reuters.com.
  3. ^ "Daytime darkness: Total solar eclipse wows in Latin America". www.spokesman.com.
  4. ^ "Solar eclipse plunges parts of Chile, Argentina into darkness for two minutes". France 24. December 14, 2020.
  5. ^ Cappucci, Matthew (December 14, 2020). "Year's only total solar eclipse swept across Chile, Argentina today". The Washington Post.
  6. ^ Garcia, Richard (30 December 2018). "Chile será protagonista de tres eclipses totales de Sol consecutivos por primera vez". EyN (in Spanish).
  7. ^ "December 2020 Eclipse Festival of Frequency Measurement". HamSCI.
  8. ^ Martínez‐Ledesma, M.; Bravo, M.; Urra, B.; Souza, J.; Foppiano, A. (2020). "Prediction of the Ionospheric Response to the 14 December 2020 Total Solar Eclipse Using SUPIM-INPE". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 125 (11): e2020JA028625. Bibcode:2020JGRA..12528625M. doi:10.1029/2020JA028625. S2CID 228824043.
  9. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  10. ^ http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros142.html

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Solar eclipse of 2020 December 14.
  • solar-eclipse.de: The total solar eclipse of 12/14/2020
  • Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
    • Google interactive map
    • Besselian elements

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