Summary
A total solar eclipse occurred on September 9, 1904.[1][2][3] A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Totality was visible from German New Guinea (the part now belonging to Marshall Islands) on September 10 and Chile on September 9.
| Solar eclipse of September 9, 1904 | |
|---|---|
 Map | |
| Type of eclipse | |
| Nature | Total |
| Gamma | −0.1625 |
| Magnitude | 1.0709 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 380 s (6 min 20 s) |
| Coordinates | 3°42′S 134°30′W / 3.7°S 134.5°W |
| Max. width of band | 234 km (145 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 20:44:21 |
| References | |
| Saros | 133 (39 of 72) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9291 |
The event is mentioned in James Joyce's novel Ulysses.
Related eclipses edit
Solar eclipses 1902–1907 edit
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1902 to 1907 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||
| 108 | April 8, 1902 Partial |
113 | October 1, 1902 | |
| 118 | March 29, 1903 Annular |
123 | September 21, 1903 Total | |
| 128 | March 17, 1904 Annular |
133 | September 9, 1904 Total | |
| 138 | March 6, 1905 Annular |
143 | August 30, 1905 Total | |
| 148 | February 23, 1906 Partial |
153 | August 20, 1906 Partial | |
Saros 133 edit
Solar Saros 133, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, contains 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 13, 1219. It contains annular eclipses from November 20, 1435, through January 13, 1526, with a hybrid eclipse on January 24, 1544. It has total eclipses from February 3, 1562, through June 21, 2373. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on September 5, 2499. The longest duration of totality was 6 minutes, 49.97 seconds on August 7, 1850.[5] The total eclipses of this saros series are getting shorter and farther south with each iteration. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon’s ascending node.
| Series members 30–56 occur between 1742 and 2211 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 30 | 31 | 32 |
| June 3, 1742 | June 13, 1760 |  June 24, 1778 |
| 33 | 34 | 35 |
| July 4, 1796 | July 17, 1814 | July 27, 1832 |
| 36 | 37 | 38 |
| August 7, 1850 |  August 18, 1868 |
 August 29, 1886 |
| 39 | 40 | 41 |
| September 9, 1904  September 21, 1922 |
 October 1, 1940 | |
| 42 | 43 | 44 |
 October 12, 1958 |
 October 23, 1976 |
 November 3, 1994 |
| 45 | 46 | 47 |
 November 13, 2012 |
 November 25, 2030 |
 December 5, 2048 |
| 48 | 49 | 50 |
 December 17, 2066 |
 December 27, 2084 |
 January 8, 2103 |
| 51 | 52 | 53 |
 January 19, 2121 |
 January 30, 2139 |
 February 9, 2157 |
| 54 | 55 | 56 |
 February 21, 2175 |
 March 3, 2193 |
 March 15, 2211 |
Inex series edit
This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings. In the 18th century:
- Solar Saros 127: Total Solar Eclipse of 1731 Jan 08
- Solar Saros 128: Annular Solar Eclipse of 1759 Dec 19
- Solar Saros 129: Annular Solar Eclipse of 1788 Nov 27
| Inex series members between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Near lunar perigee | After lunar apogee Before lunar perigee |
Before lunar apogee After lunar perigee |
 November 9, 1817 (Saros 130) |
 October 20, 1846 (Saros 131) |
 September 29, 1875 (Saros 132) |
| September 9, 1904(Saros 133)  August 21, 1933 (Saros 134) |
 July 31, 1962 (Saros 135) | |
 July 11, 1991 (Saros 136) |
 June 21, 2020 (Saros 137) |
 May 31, 2049 (Saros 138) |
 May 11, 2078 (Saros 139) |
 April 23, 2107 (Saros 140) |
 April 1, 2136 (Saros 141) |
 March 12, 2165 (Saros 142) |
 February 21, 2194 (Saros 143) |
|
In the 23rd century:
- Solar Saros 144: Annular Solar Eclipse of 2223 Feb 01
- Solar Saros 145: Total Solar Eclipse of 2252 Jan 12
- Solar Saros 146: Annular Solar Eclipse of 2280 Dec 22
Tritos series edit
This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1901 and 2100 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| September 9, 1904 (Saros 133) |
 August 10, 1915 (Saros 134) |
 July 9, 1926 (Saros 135) | |
 June 8, 1937 (Saros 136) |
 May 9, 1948 (Saros 137) |
 April 8, 1959 (Saros 138) | |
 March 7, 1970 (Saros 139) |
 February 4, 1981 (Saros 140) |
 January 4, 1992 (Saros 141) | |
 December 4, 2002 (Saros 142) |
 November 3, 2013 (Saros 143) |
 October 2, 2024 (Saros 144) | |
 September 2, 2035 (Saros 145) |
 August 2, 2046 (Saros 146) |
 July 1, 2057 (Saros 147) | |
 May 31, 2068 (Saros 148) |
 May 1, 2079 (Saros 149) |
 March 31, 2090 (Saros 150) | |
Notes edit
- ^ "To-day's eclipse". Evening Post. Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England. 1904-09-09. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-10-27 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "SOLAR ECLIPSE". The Hawaiian Star. Honolulu, Hawaii. 1904-09-09. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-10-27 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Solar Eclipse and Earthquake Shock". Altoona Tribune. Altoona, Pennsylvania. 1904-09-10. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-27 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros133.html
References edit
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
- Google interactive map
- Besselian elements