Streptomyces hygroscopicus

Summary

Streptomyces hygroscopicus is a bacterial species in the genus Streptomyces. It was first described by Hans Laurits Jensen in 1931.[3]

Streptomyces hygroscopicus
Streptomyces hygroscopicus colonies
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Actinomycetota
Class: Actinomycetia
Order: Streptomycetales
Family: Streptomycetaceae
Genus: Streptomyces
Species:
S. hygroscopicus
Binomial name
Streptomyces hygroscopicus
(Jensen, 1931) Yüntsen et al., 1956 [1]
Subspecies
  • subsp. "aureolacrimosus" Takiguchi et al., 1980
  • subsp. hygroscopicus (Jensen 1931) Yüntsen et al., 1956 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • subsp. ossamyceticus Schmitz et al., 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • subsp. "yakushimaensis" Hatanaka et al., 1988
Synonyms[2]
  • "Actinomyces hygroscopicus" Jensen, 1931
  • Streptomyces endus Anderson and Gottlieb, 1952 (Approved Lists 1980)
  • Streptomyces sporocinereus (ex Krassilnikov, 1970) Preobrazhenskaya, 1986

Biochemistry edit

Cultures of different strains of S. hygroscopicus can be used to produce several chemical compounds or enzymes.

Small molecules edit

Immunosuppressants edit

Sirolimus (also known as rapamycin) is an immunosuppressant that has been isolated from S. hygroscopicus from soil samples from Easter Island.[4] Ascomycin can be used to treat autoimmune diseases and skin diseases and can help prevent rejection after an organ transplant.

Antibiotics edit

The antibiotics geldanamycin, hygromycin B, nigericin, validamycin, and cyclothiazomycin are found in S. hygroscopicus.

Experimental cancer drugs edit

Indolocarbazoles can be found in S. hygroscopicus .

Anthelmintics and insecticides edit

Milbemycin and milbemycin oxime can be found in S. hygroscopicus cultures.

Herbicide edit

S. hygroscopicus also produces the natural herbicide bialaphos.[5]

Enzymes edit

The enzymes alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (GDP-forming), carboxyvinyl-carboxyphosphonate phosphorylmutase, and hygromycin-B kinase can be isolated from cultures of S. hygroscopicus.

References edit

  1. ^ Page Streptomyces file 2 (File 2: Streptomyces felleus - Streptomyces mutomycini) on Bacterio.net. Retrieved 12 December 2015
  2. ^ Streptomyces hygroscopicus on biocyc.org
  3. ^ Jensen, HL (1931). "Contributions to our knowledge of the Actinomycetales. II. The definition and subdivision of the genus Actinomyces, with a preliminary account of Australian soil Actinomycetes". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 56: 345–370.
  4. ^ Vézina C, Kudelski A, Sehgal SN (October 1975). "Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic". Journal of Antibiotics. 28 (10): 721–6. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.28.721. PMID 1102508.
  5. ^ Murakami, Takeshi; Anzai, Hiroyuki; Imai, Satoshi; Satoh, Atsuyuki; Nagaoka, Kozo; Thompson, Charles J. (October 1986). "The bialaphos biosynthetic genes of Streptomyces hygroscopicus: Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene cluster". Molecular and General Genetics. 205 (1): 42–53. doi:10.1007/BF02428031. S2CID 32983239.

External links edit

  • Type strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase