Summary
Telipinu was the last king of the Hittites Old Kingdom, living in 16th century BC, reigned c. 1525-1500 BC in middle chronology.[2] At the beginning of his reign, the Hittite Empire had contracted to its core territories, having long since lost all of its conquests, made in the former era under Hattusili I and Mursili I – to Arzawa in the West, Mitanni in the East, the Kaskians in the North, and Kizzuwatna in the South.[3]
Telipinu | |
|---|---|
| Born | |
| Died | |
| Predecessor | Huzziya I |
| Successor | Tahurwaili |
| Spouse | Queen Ištapariya[1] |
| Children | Harapšeki |
Biography edit
Telipinu was a son-in-law of Ammuna and brother-in-law of Huzziya I as a husband of Ammuna's daughter Ištapariya. His name was taken from the agricultural god Telipinu.[4] During Telipinu’s reign, Huzziya and his five brothers were killed.[5] His son and wife were killed by Telepinu's rivals to the throne. The assassins were caught and sentenced to death, but Telepinu showed his desire to stop the bloodshed (many of his predecessors were assassinated or died mysteriously) and banished these assassins instead.
He was able to recover a little ground from the Hurrians of Mitanni, by forming an alliance with the Hurrians of Kizzuwatna; however, with the end of his reign, the Hittite Empire enters a temporary "Dark Ages", the Middle Kingdom, lasting around 70 years, when records become too scanty to draw many conclusions.
Telepinu is perhaps most famous for drawing up the Edict of Telepinu which dictated the laws of succession for the Hittite throne. It was designed to stop all the royal murders which had taken place in the previous decades, which had destabilised the empire and reduced the empire to only its heartland.
Let a prince – a son of the first rank only be installed as king! If a prince of the first rank does not exist, (then) let he who is a son of second rank become king. But if there is no prince, no male issue, (then) let them take an antiyant-husband for she who is a first rank daughter, and let him become king.
Family edit
Alluwamna was a son-in-law of Telipinu, because he married Princess Harapšeki, and Telipinu was her father.[6]
External links edit
- Reign of Telipinu
Notes edit
- ^ The Transjordanian Palimpsest: The Overwritten Texts of Personal Exile by Jeremy M. Hutton
- ^ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Telepinus: Hittite king", in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved: 29 April, 2022.
- ^ Birgit Brandau, Hartmut Schickert: Hethiter Die unbekannte Weltmacht
- ^ Beckman, Gary. "Telipinu" in Reallexicon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, Vol. 13. 2012
- ^ The Kingdom of the Hittites by Trevor Bryce
- ^ Biography and family of King Telepinu