Timeline_of_Brazzaville Knowpia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.

19th century edit

1880 - Teke trading site at Pool Malebo "ceded...to French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza;" named Ncouna.^[1]
1884 - Ncouna renamed Brazzaville.^[1]
1886 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of French Congo founded.^[2]
1892 - Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
1893 - Palais Épiscopal built.^(fr)

20th century edit

1901 - Palais du Peuple (Brazzaville) [fr] built.^{[citation needed]}
1910 - Brazzaville becomes part of colonial French Equatorial Africa.^[3]
1911 - White residential Poto-Poto neighborhood established.^[4]
1912 - Town hall built.^(fr)
1927 - Stade Marchand (stadium) opens.
1929 - Urban plan created.^(fr)
1930 - Activist André Matsoua imprisoned; unrest ensues.^[5]
1931 - Poste Centrale (post office) built.^(fr)^{[citation needed]}
1932 - Gare ferroviaire (train station) built.^[6]
1934 - Congo–Ocean Railway (Pointe-Noire-Brazzaville) begins operating.
1940
- Brazzaville becomes capital of government-in-exile of France (Free France) during World War II.^[7]
- October: De Gaulle visits city.^[5]
1943
- Bacongo arrondissement created.^[4]
- Basilique Sainte-Anne-du-Congo de Brazzaville [fr] (church) construction begins.^[6]
1944
- Brazzaville Zoo opens.
- January: Meeting of government-in-exile of France held in Brazzaville.^[5]
1945 - Population: 50,000 (approximate).^[8]
1948 - Victor Schoelcher monument erected.^[6]
1951 - École des peintres de Poto-Poto [fr] founded.^[9]
1953 - Vog cinema built.^(fr)^{[citation needed]}
1955 - Palais de Justice (courthouse) built.^(fr)^{[citation needed]}
1956 - 18 November: Moyen-Congo municipal elections, 1956 held; Fulbert Youlou becomes mayor.^[10]
1958 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).^[8]
1959 - Makélékélé and Ouenzé arrondissements created.^[4]
1960 - City becomes capital of independent Republic of the Congo.^[11]
1961 - Population: 136,200.^[12]
1962 - Télé Congo (television) begins broadcasting from Brazzaville.
1963 - City hall built.^(fr)^{[citation needed]}
1965
- Stade de la Révolution (stadium) opens.^{[citation needed]}
- July: 1965 All-Africa Games held in Brazzaville.
1970
- Talangaï neighborhood created.^[4]
- Population: 200,000 (approximate).^[8]
1971 - University of Brazzaville and Lycée Français Saint-Exupéry de Brazzaville (school) founded.
1975 - Sister/twin city agreement signed with Dresden, Germany.^[13]
1976 - Development Bank of the Central African States branch in business.^[14]
1977 - 18 March: Assassination of president Ngouabi.^[3]
1980
- 5 May: Catholic pope visits city.
- Commune of Brazzaville detaches from the Pool Department.
- Population: 422,000 (approximate).^[8]
1984 - Population: 596,200.^[15]
1986 - Nabemba Tower built.^[16]
1987
- April: 1987 Central African Games held in city.
- Meeting of the Association Internationale des Maires Francophones held in city.
1989 - AS Police (football club) formed.^{[citation needed]}
1990
- Mfilou arrondissement officially established.^[4]
- Population: 760,300 (estimate).^[8]
1994 - Centre culturel français [fr] built.^[17]
1996 - Population: 976,806 (estimate).^[8]
1997 - City taken by pro-Sassou Nguesso forces during the Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–99).^[3]

21st century edit

2001 - December: Trial of former president Lissouba held in city.^[3]
2002
- June: "Government troops battle Ninja rebels in Brazzaville."^[3]
- Population: 1,242,857 (estimate).^[8]
2003 - Hugues Ngouelondélé becomes mayor.^[10]
2004 - July: 2004 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
2005 - Feux de Brazza [fr] (music festival) begins.
2006 - Mausolée de Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (memorial) erected.^(fr)
2009 - 26 August: Airplane crash occurs.
2010 - Maya-Maya Airport new terminal opens.
2011
- Djiri [fr] and Madibou arrondissements created.^[4]
- Institut français du Congo [fr] active.^[17]
2012
- 4 March: Brazzaville arms dump blasts.^[3]
- 30 November: Airplane crash occurs.
2015
- Kintélé Sports Complex, Palais des Sports, and Stade Municipal de Kintélé (stadium) open.^[16]
- 4–19 September: 2015 African Games held in Brazzaville.
- 27 September: Political protest.^[18]
- October: Political protest; crackdown.^[19]
- Port Authority Headquarters building constructed.^[16]
2016 - April: Post-election unrest.^[3]^[20]
2017
- August: Christian Roger Okemba becomes mayor.
- Long-planned project to build a Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge reactivated.

References edit

^ ^a ^b Gondola 2005.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Republic of Congo profile: Timeline". BBC News. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les arrondissements". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c David R. Devereux (2005). "Colonial Federations: French Equatorial Africa". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 260–261. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Patrimoines et monuments". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ Muriel E. Chamberlain (2013) [1998]. "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 163+. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Ziavoula 2006.
^ Nora Greani (2012). "Soixante ans de création à l'École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville)". Cahiers d'études africaines (in French) (205): 259–267 – via Revues.org.
^ ^a ^b "Tableau synoptique des maires" (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017.
^ "Brazzaville en bref". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Coopération". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ John F. Clark; Samuel Decalo (2012). Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7989-8.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2004. United Nations Statistics Division.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Republic of the Congo: Brazzaville". Emporis.com. Hamburg: Emporis GmbH. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Présentation du bâtiment". Institutfrancais-congo.com (in French). Brazzaville. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
^ Tens of thousands rally against changes to Congo's constitution, Reuters, 27 September 2015
^ Four killed in protest over plan to extend Congo Republic president's rule, Reuters, 20 October 2015
^ Gunbattles rock Brazzaville in wake of disputed Congo election, Reuters, 4 April 2016

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography edit

in English

Martin, Phyllis 1995, Leisure and Society in Colonial Brazzaville, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Brazzaville, Congo". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
Charles Didier Gondola (2005). "Brazzaville". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
Simon Bekker and Goran Therborn, ed. (2011), "Brazzaville", Capital Cities in Africa: Power and Powerlessness, Dakar: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, ISBN 978-2-8697-8495-6

in French

Charles de Chavannes (1935), Note sur la fondation de Brazzaville en 1884 (in French)
Pierre Sirven (1972). "Les industries de Brazzaville". Cahiers d'Outre-Mer (in French). 25 – via Persee.fr.
Roland Pourtier [in French] (2000). "Brazzaville dans la guerre: crise urbaine et violences politiques" [Brazzaville in the war: urban crisis and political violence]. Annales de géographie (in French). 109. doi:10.3406/geo.2000.1901 – via Persee.fr.
Elisabeth Dorier-Apprill (2001). "Un cycle de guerres urbaines à Brazzaville". Les Annales de la recherche urbaine (in French). 91 (91): 101–110. doi:10.3406/aru.2001.2440 – via Persee.fr.
Robert Edmond Ziavoula, ed. (2006). Brazzaville, une ville à reconstruire (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-4128-8.

External links edit

"(Brazzaville)". Mukanda: ressources documentaires sur l'Afrique centrale (in French). France: University of Lorraine. (Bibliography)
"(Brazzaville)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Europeana)
Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)

[FOOTNOTEGondola2005-1] Gondola 2005.

[2] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[bbc-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Republic of Congo profile: Timeline". BBC News. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[arrond-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Les arrondissements". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[Devereux2005-5] David R. Devereux (2005). "Colonial Federations: French Equatorial Africa". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 260–261. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2.

[monuments-6] "Patrimoines et monuments". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[Chamberlain1998-7] Muriel E. Chamberlain (2013) [1998]. "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 163+. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.

[FOOTNOTEZiavoula2006-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Ziavoula 2006.

[9] Nora Greani (2012). "Soixante ans de création à l'École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville)". Cahiers d'études africaines (in French) (205): 259–267 – via Revues.org.

[mayors-10] "Tableau synoptique des maires" (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017.

[bref-11] "Brazzaville en bref". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[12] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[jumelage-13] "Coopération". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[Clark2012-14] John F. Clark; Samuel Decalo (2012). Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7989-8.

[15] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2004. United Nations Statistics Division.

[Emporis-16] "Republic of the Congo: Brazzaville". Emporis.com. Hamburg: Emporis GmbH. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[IFC-17] "Présentation du bâtiment". Institutfrancais-congo.com (in French). Brazzaville. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

[18] Tens of thousands rally against changes to Congo's constitution, Reuters, 27 September 2015

[19] Four killed in protest over plan to extend Congo Republic president's rule, Reuters, 20 October 2015

[20] Gunbattles rock Brazzaville in wake of disputed Congo election, Reuters, 4 April 2016

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Summary

19th century edit

20th century edit

21st century edit

See also edit

References edit

Bibliography edit

External links edit