1421 – Thomas la Warre, 5th Baron De La Warre, lord of the manor and rector of Manchester, raises St Mary's into a collegiate church.[4] The adjacent Hanging Bridge is probably also rebuilt at this time.[9]
1642 – July–September: English Civil War – Royalists try to capture Manchester but fail.[3] On 12 July in a scuffle following Lord Strange's initial attempt to seize the militia magazine for the Royalists, Richard Percival, a linen weaver, is killed, reckoned as the first casualty in the war.[10]
1656 – Mid: Chetham's Hospital, founded by bequest of Sir Humphrey Chetham (d. 1653) as a school, admits its first poor children; the Chetham's Library opens in the same year as Britain's first free public library.[4]
November: Charles Wills assembles royal troops in Manchester to march against the Jacobites.
1719 – Publication of the first newspaper to be printed in Manchester[3] and the first book, John Jackson's Mathematical Lectures read to the Mathematical Society in Manchester, printed by Roger Adams.[12]
1760 – Garratt Mill and Meredith's Factory, early cotton mills water powered by the River Medlock, are built and cotton is first exported from Manchester.[4]
11 December: First stone of St Peter's Church, Peter Street, is laid.[22]
1790sedit
1790
By 1 May: Piccadilly Mill in Auburn Street is in operation; owned by Peter Drinkwater, it is the first cotton mill in Manchester to be directly powered by a steam engine.[23] An attempt to introduce power weaving at a Knott Mill factory is resisted by the workers.[24]
St Mary's Hospital is founded as the "Lying-in Charity" by Dr Charles White in a house in Old Bridge Street, Salford; in 1795 it becomes the Manchester Lying-in Hospital.[25]
First Jewish burial ground leased.
1792
Manchester and Salford Police Act creates Police Commissioners responsible for providing a night watch and fire engines and for maintaining, cleaning, draining and lighting (by oil) the streets within the ancient township.[3]
The first Manchester gasworks is erected by the Commissioners of Police at St Mary's Parsonage, Water Street, the world's first municipal installation to sell gas to the public;[11] it also provides street lighting.
1818 – First Manchester Golf Club founded.
1819 – 16 August: Peterloo Massacre in St Peter's Field: a cavalry charge into a crowd of protesters results in 15 deaths and over 400 injuries.[37][38]
1820sedit
1820 – The stone Blackfriars Street road bridge across the River Irwell replaces a footbridge.[8]
19 October: George Bradshaw publishes the first national railway timetable, Bradshaw's Railway Time Tables and Assistant to Railway Travelling, in Manchester.
11 December: Manchester Poor law union is formally declared and takes responsibility for the administration and funding of the Poor Law in the area.[51]
7–27 August: Riots in and around Lancashire, protesting against the Corn Laws and in favour of Chartists.[55] Manchester is garrisoned by 2,000 troops with field guns.[4]
December: Friedrich Engels moves to Manchester to work for the family textile business.
Average age of death among Manchester's working class is 17.[38]
1843
23 March: The Chetham Society (the oldest historical society in North-West England, and second oldest in the North of England) is founded during a meeting held at Chetham's Library, Manchester.
November: The North of England Co-operative Wholesale Industrial and Provident Society Limited, predecessor of The Co-operative Group, is registered in Manchester.[66]
Members of the Hulme Athenaeum Club for working men establish an association football club, believed to be the earliest example in Manchester.[67]
1864 – 15 October: Prince's Theatre opens in Oxford Road.[16]
26 January: Telephony in Greater Manchester: Telegraph manufacturer Charles Moseley instals a telephone between a hardware merchant (Thomas Hudson Ltd) on Shudehill to company offices on Dantzic Street, the first such telephone in regular use in the country.[73]
Summer Olympics in Paris: Osborne Swimming Club of Manchester represent Great Britain in water polo, winning gold.
1901
7 June: Manchester Corporation Tramways begin a public electric service.[41] Winser (Bloom) Street generating station begins operation. The last horse trams run in 1903.
7 October: Hulme Hippodrome opens as Grand Junction Theatre and Floral Hall.[82]
Heaton Park is sold to Manchester City Council by Arthur Egerton, Earl of Wilton, for public recreation. In 1903 it is brought within the city boundaries.
New Zealander Ernest Rutherford becomes chair of the Physics Department at Victoria University. The following year he is awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances".[89]
St Peter's Church, Peter Street, is demolished.[22]
11 March: German air raids cause further extensive damage to the city, a notable casualty being Old Trafford football stadium, home of Manchester United F.C., which is severely damaged.[107]
21 December: Manchester Corporation v. Manchester Palace of Varieties Ltd, the only case held in the High Court of Chivalry in 200 years.
Excavation of Guardian telephone exchange as an underground Cold War facility largely completed; on 7 December 1958 it begins to function as an exchange.
9 December: The first episode of soap opera Coronation Street, made by Granada Television in Manchester, is aired on ITV;[50] the series will still be running as of 2022.
7 October: Last of the "Moors murders"; Ian Brady is arrested the following day and Myra Hindley a few days later. They are convicted on 6 May 1966 of the murders of three of their five Manchester child victims.
The Piccadilly Plaza development at Piccadilly Gardens (including the Sunley House tower block and an hotel) is completed.
5 May: The Mancunian Way elevated motorway section of the A57 road is officially opened (by the Prime Minister) to form a by-pass around the south of the Manchester city area.[117]
17 May: Bob Dylan and the Hawks perform at the Free Trade Hall. Dylan is booed by the audience because of his decision to play the second half with an electric band, culminating in a famous shout of "Judas".
5 November: Manchester Liners' MV Manchester Challenge begins a regular Manchester–Montreal service, the first British-built and -owned oceanic cellular container ship.
20 October: The North Western Museum of Science and Industry, predecessor of the Museum of Science and Industry, opens in the former Oddfellows Hall in Grosvenor Street.[119]
11 September: Belle Vue Zoological Gardens close as a zoo, continuing until 26 October 1980 as an amusement park.
Restoration and cleaning of Albert Memorial in Albert Square is completed.
1979
8 May: A major fire at Woolworths Manchester Piccadilly Gardens store takes place resulting in the deaths of eleven people.[121]
27 May: Museum of Transport opens to the public as a museum of local public transport in the former Queen's Road (Boyle Street) bus garage in Cheetham Hill (official opening 4 May).[41]
3 September: At midday, local station Piccadilly Radio splits into two services. Piccadilly Radio is relaunched as an oldies station on MW called Piccadilly Gold with a new station, Key 103, launching on FM.
6 April: Manchester Metrolinklight rail system opens for public service on its first stage over the former railway line from Manchester Victoria station to Bury Interchange; on 27 April the second stage, to G-Mex, opens, the first street running new-generation light rail route in Britain (official opening 17 July).
11 September: Bridgewater Hall opens as an orchestral concert venue. The Free Trade Hall closes this year as a public venue and is subsequently redeveloped as an hotel.
29 September: A 15-year-old orphaned girl dies while in the care of Manchester social services, following which Greater Manchester Police launches 'Operation Augusta' which identifies at least 57 children at risk of sexual abuse and up to 97 possible abusers, but which is prematurely closed down.[129]
2005 – 12 January: Britain's tallest self-supporting sculpture, the "B of the Bang", is unveiled in Manchester.
2006 – 9 October: Opening of the Beetham Tower, a landmark 168-metre 47-storey skyscraper with oversailing upper floors designed by Ian Simpson of SimpsonHaugh and Partners, the tallest building in the UK outside London at this time, and with its penthouse apartments (above the Hilton Hotel) being the highest residential addresses in the country.[133]
2018 – November: Topping out of South Tower in Deansgate Square, a 200.5-metre residential development surpassing Beetham Tower as the tallest building in the UK outside London.
17 September: Franchised bus services start to be introduced across Greater Manchester. The three-phase roll-out of bus franchising will be completed by 2025.[148][149] Manchester is the first area of the UK to introduce such a system which is seen as a part-reversal of the deregulation of bus services which took place in the mid-1980s.
2024 (projected) – The Bee Network, an integrated transport network for Greater Manchester, composed of bus, tram, cycling and walking routes, is expected to be operational. The network's main goal is to reduce the percentage of car journeys throughout the region from 60% to 50% by 2040.[150]
Birthsedit
1580 – 10 July: Humphrey Chetham, merchant and philanthropist (d. 1653)
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