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Timeline of Nouakchott

Summary

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nouakchott, Mauritania.

20th century edit

  • 1903 - French military outpost built.[1]
  • 1908 - Military outpost abandoned.[1]
  • 1929 - French military outpost reactivated.[1]
  • 1952 - Rosso-Nouakchott highway constructed.[2]
  • 1958:
    • Nouakchott site designated new capital of Mauritania; building of city begins.[1][3]
    • Radio de Mauritanie begins broadcasting.[4]
  • 1960:
    • Capital of newly independent Mauritania moved to Nouakchott from Saint Louis.
    • AS Garde Nationale (football club) formed.
    • Palais de Justice (courthouse) built.
  • 1961:
    • National Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies built.[1]
    • Population: 5,807.[5]
  • 1965 - Population: 15,000 (estimate).[6]
  • 1966 - National School of Administration built.[1]
  • 1968 - Racial unrest.[1]
  • 1970:
    • École normale supérieure de Nouakchott [fr] (school) founded.
    • Population: 25,000.[7]
  • 1973 - ASC Police (football club) formed.
  • 1974:
    • Refugees from drought settle in Ksar Gadid.[7]
    • 5th and 6th arrondissements created.[5]
  • 1975:
    • 25 miles of city streets were paved. Streetlights were installed and bus service started.[7]
    • Convention center constructed near city.[7]
    • Population: 104,054 (of which 54,000 living in shanty towns).[5]
  • 1976:
    • June: City besieged by guerrilla Polisario Front forces.[1]
    • Espoirs Nouakchott [es] football club formed.
  • 1977:
    • July: City besieged by guerrilla Polisario Front forces again.[1]
    • Population: 134,704 (of which 81,467 living in shanty towns).[5]
  • 1978:
  • 1979 - ASAC Concorde (football club) formed.
  • 1980 - ASC Nasr Zem Zem (football club) formed.
  • 1981:
  • 1983 - Stade Olympique (stadium) opens.
  • 1984 - Coup d'état. Overthrow of President Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla.[1][10]
  • 1986 - Friendship Port of Nouakchott opens.[3]
  • 1987 - Racial unrest.[1]
  • 1988 - Population: 393,325.[3]
  • 1989 - Curfew imposed in city after regional ethnic unrest.[1]
  • 1991 - 1 June: Windstorm.[11]
  • 1994 - Le Calame newspaper begins publication.[4]
  • 1995:
    • "Bread riot" occurs.[1]
    • Al-Akhbar and Nouakchott Info newspapers begin publication.[4]
  • 1996 - Coup attempted and suppressed.[1]
  • 1999 - Grands moulins de Mauritanie [fr] in business.
  • 2000 - Population: 558,195.[12]

21st century edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Pratt 2008.
  2. ^ Sweco; Nordic Consulting Group (2003), Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links (PDF), vol. 2: Description of Corridors, African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
  3. ^ a b c Anthony G. Pazzanita (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mauritania (3rd ed.). United States: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6265-4.
  4. ^ a b c "Mauritania: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2003. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 9781857431315. ISSN 0065-3896.
  5. ^ a b c d e Theunynck 1983.
  6. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
  7. ^ a b c d John Darnton (23 November 1976), "Thriving Capital Filling the Void In Mauritania", New York Times
  8. ^ "Mauritanian President Overthrown in Military Coup". Washington Post. 2023-12-21. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  9. ^ Ap (1981-03-17). "MAURITANIA REPORTS IT HAS FOILED AN ATTEMPTED COUP BY 2 EXILES". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  10. ^ "LE COUP D'ÉTAT EN MAURITANIE Le colonel Taya : un nationaliste intègre et compétent". Le Monde.fr (in French). 1984-12-14. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  11. ^ "Winds in Mauritania Kill 4", New York Times, 2 June 1991
  12. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2005. United Nations Statistics Division.
  13. ^ "Mauritania profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  14. ^ "Mauritanian Leader Under Fire". Washington Post. 2024-01-26. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  15. ^ "I'll Be Back, Vows Ousted Mauritanian Leader". Arab News. 2005-08-09. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
  16. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
  17. ^ Al Qaeda suspects killed in Mauritania car blast, Reuters, 2 February 2011
  18. ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
  19. ^ "Mauritania's Nouackchott hit by protest over Koran", BBC News, 3 March 2014
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography edit

in English
  • Serge Theunynck (1983), Brian Brace Taylor (ed.), "A Sterilizing Capital: Nouakchott", Reading the Contemporary African City, Singapore – via ArchNet  
  • Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Nouakchott, Mauritania". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
  • Nicola Pratt (2008), "Nouakchott", in Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper (eds.), Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 9781576079195
  • Christian Vium (11 February 2016), "Eye of the drought: high and dry in the Sahara – in pictures", Guardian, UK (Photos of Nouakchott)
  • "'The best solution? Move the Mauritanian capital': water on the rise in Nouakchott", Guardian, UK, 25 July 2016
in French
  • Jean-Robert Pitte [in French] (1977), Nouakchott, capitale de la Mauritanie (in French), Université de Paris IV
  • Isyakha Diagana (1993). Croissance urbaine et dynamique spatiale à Nouakchott (PhD) (in French). Lumière University Lyon 2.  
  • Philippe Tanguy (2003). "L'urbanisation irrégulière à Nouakchott: 1960-2000". Insaniyat (in French). 22. Algeria: Centre de recherche en anthropologie sociale et culturelle. ISSN 2253-0738 – via Revues.org.  
  • Armelle Choplin (2006). "Le foncier urbain en Afrique: entre informel et rationnel, l'exemple de Nouakchott (Mauritanie)" [Urban land in Africa: between the informal and the rational, the Nouakchott case]. Annales de géographie (in French). 115 (647): 69–91. doi:10.3406/geo.2006.21315. S2CID 192197599 – via Persee.fr.  
  • Anne-Marie Frérot (2006). "Nouakchott, du puits nomade à la ville des pétroliers. Risques et représentations". Maghreb-Machrek (in French) (190).
  • Armelle Choplin; Ciavolella Riccardo (2008). "Marges de la ville en marge du politique? Exclusion, dépendance et quête d'autonomie à Nouakchott (Mauritanie)". Autrepart (in French). doi:10.3917/autr.045.0073. ISSN 1278-3986 – via Cairn.info.  
  • Armelle Choplin (2009). Nouakchott: au carrefour de la Mauritanie et du monde (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-3166-1.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nouakchott.

Images edit

  •  
    Satellite view of Nouakchott, 2001.
  •  
    Nouakchott and sand dunes, circa 2002.

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