Timeline_of_Turin Knowpia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Turin, Piedmont, Italy.

Prior to 17th century edit

Turin Cathedral was built in 1498

218 BC - Town besieged by forces led by Hannibal.^[1]
27 BC - Romans establish Castra Taurinorum.^{[citation needed]}
69 AD - Fire caused by negligence of the 14th legion.^[1]
312 - Battle of Turin.
5th century - Roman Catholic diocese of Turin established.^[2]
773 - Franks of Charlemagne in power.
10th century - Monastery of St. Andrew established.^{[citation needed]}
940s - Contea di Torino (countship) founded.
1354 - Church of San Domenico (Turin) [it] founded.^[3]
1404 - Palatine Towers rebuilt.
1405 - University of Turin founded.^[4]
1453 - City sacked.^{[citation needed]}
1474 - Printing press in operation.^[5]
1498 - Turin Cathedral built.^[1]
1515 - Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Turin established.^[1]
1536 - French in power.^[1]
1563 - City becomes capital of the Duchy of Savoy.
1565 - Citadel built.^[6]
1568 - Collegio dei Nobili founded.
1583 - Capuchin monastery founded on Monte dei Cappuccini.^[3]

17th century edit

The Royal Palace of Turin was built in 1658

1610 - Church of Corpus Domini and Church of Santo Spirito, Turin [it] built.^[3]
1630 - Plague.^[1]
1638 - Piazza San Carlo laid out.^[3]
1640 - Siege of Turin; French in power.^[1]
1652 - Accademia Albertina di Belle Arti founded.^[3]
1656 - Monte dei Cappuccini church built.
1658 - Royal Palace built.^[3]
1659 - Artillery Arsenal founded.^[3]
1660 - Castello del Valentino built.
1669 - Palazzo de Citta (town hall) built.^[3]
1679 - Jesuit college built.^[3]
1680 - Palazzo Carignano built.^[3]
1687 - Church of San Lorenzo built.^[3]
1694 - Sindone Chapel built.

18th century edit

1706 - City besieged by French forces.
1718 - Palazzo Madama expanded.^[3]
1720
- City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia.^[3]
- University Library founded.^[3]
1730 - Church of San Filippo [it] built.
1731 - Orto Botanico dell'Università di Torino (garden) laid out.
1736 - Chiesa della Madonna del Carmine (Turin) [it] built.^[3]
1740 - Royal Theatre opens.
1753 - Teatro Carignano opens.
1757 - Academy of sciences founded.^[1]^[7]
1760 - Reycends publisher in business (approximate date).^[8]^[9]
1763 - Caffè Al Bicerin in business.^[10]
1772 - Church of San Filippo Neri built.^[1]
1780 - Caffè Fiorio in business.
1784 - Patriottica Nobile Societa del Casino formed.^[11]
1785 - Società Agraria di Torino founded.
1798 - French in power.^[1]

19th century edit

Turin in the late 19th century, with the Mole Antonelliana under construction

1801 - Fortifications demolished.^[3]
1802 - City becomes part of French Empire.
1814 - City becomes capital of Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.
1815 - Accademia Filarmonica founded.^[12]
1823 - Population: 88,000.^[4]
1824 - Museo Egizio (Egyptian museum) founded.
1831 - Gran Madre di Dio, Turin (church) built.^[3]
1832 - Pinacoteca opens in Palazzo Madama.^[3]^[13]
1837 - Royal Library of Turin and Royal Armoury established.^[14]
1841 - Società del Whist founded.
1843 - National Historical Museum of Artillery [it] founded.^[15]
1848
- Gazzetta del Popolo begins publication.
- Luigi de Margherita becomes mayor.
1857 - Fortifications demolished.^[3]
1861
- City becomes capital of newly united Kingdom of Italy.
- Population: 173,305.
1862 - Regio Museo Industriale Italiano (industrial museum) established.^[16]
1863 - Club Alpino Italiano founded.
1864 - Torino Porta Nuova railway station opens.
1865 - Capital of Kingdom of Italy relocates from Turin to Florence.^[1]
1867 - Gazzetta Piemontese newspaper begins publication.
1868 - Via Po [it] and Torino Porta Susa railway station built.
1869
- 22 February: Biblioteca Civica Centrale (Turin) (library) opens.
- Le Nuove prison built.
1871
- Fréjus Rail Tunnel opens.
- Population: 207,770.^[17]
1878 - Museum of the Risorgimento established.
1879 - Mont Cenis Tunnel Monument erected in Piazza Statuto.^[3]
1889 - Mole Antonelliana built.
1892 - Unione escursionisti Torino [it] (hiking club) formed.^[18]
1896 - 1 February: Premiere of Puccini's opera La Bohème.^[19]
1897
- Sport Club Juventus formed.^[20]
- Population: 351,855.^[21]
1899 - F.I.A.T. automotive manufactory in business.

20th century edit

The Stadio Olimpico di Torino was a venue for the 1934 FIFA World Cup

1902 - International Exposition of Modern Decorative Arts held.
1906
- Lancia & C. automotive manufactory in business.
- Royal Turin Polytechnic and Torino Football Club founded.
- Population: 361,720.^[1]
1907 - Derby della Mole athletic contest begins.
1908 - September, first solo aeroplane flight by a woman, Thérèse Peltier, from the Military Square, Turin
1911
- Turin International world's fair held.
- Population: 415,667.
1919 - Honorary Consulate of Poland opened (see Italy–Poland relations).^[22]
1922 - Conflict between Fascist and labour supporters.
1933
- Giulio Einaudi editore (publisher) in business.
- Stadio Benito Mussolini opens.
1934 - City Museum of Ancient Art housed in the Palazzo Madama.
1937 - Via Roma (Turin) [it] constructed.
1940 - Honorary Consulate of Poland closed.^[22]
1944 - AGSSt 65 assembly center for Allied POWs established by the Germans (later relocated).^[23]
1945
- Allies take city.
- Tuttosport begins publication.
1949
- May 4: Superga air disaster.^[20]
- Torino Esposizioni built.
1951 - Population: 719,300.
1953 - Turin Airport built.
1958 - Politecnico di Torino building constructed.
1960 - Museo Nazionale dell'Automobile opens.
1961 - Population: 1,025,822.
1971 - Population: 1,167,968.
1982 - Festival Internazionale Cinema Giovani begins.
1983 - February 13: Cinema Statuto fire.
1988 - Salone del Libro (book fair) begins.
1990 - Stadio delle Alpi opens.
1992 - Filarmonica di Torino [it] (orchestra) formed.

21st century edit

2001 - Sergio Chiamparino becomes mayor.
2002 - Lumiq Studios established.
2003 - Gruppo Torinese Trasporti founded.
2004
- Terra Madre conference begins.
- ESCP Europe campus established.
2006
- Turin Metro begins operating.
- 2006 Winter Olympics held.
- Archaeological Park opens.
- City named World Book Capital by UNESCO.
2007 - Eataly in business.^[24]
2008 - National Museum of Cinema and Museum of Oriental Art established.
2010 - ToBike municipal bike-sharing program begins.^{[citation needed]}
2011
- Juventus Stadium opens.
- Piero Fassino becomes mayor.
2012 - Population: 906,089.
2016 - June: Turin municipal election, 2016 held.

References edit

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Britannica 1910.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Baedeker 1913.
^ ^a ^b Morse 1823.
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Torino". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631 – via HathiTrust.
^ Pollak 2010.
^ Il primo secolo della R. Accademia delle scienze di Torino (in Italian), Torino: Stamperia reale di G.B. Paravia e c., 1883, OL 24347595M
^ Catalogue rangé dans un nouvel ordre pour l'utilité des gens de lettres contenant les livres françois, italiens, latins &c. qui se trouvent chez les frères Reycends, et Guibert libraires sur le coin de la ruë Neuve à Turin (in French). 1760.
^ "Reycends frères". French Book Trade in Enlightenment Europe Project, 1769-1794. University of Leeds. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
^ "36 Hours in Turin". New York Times. June 28, 2012.
^ Anthony L. Cardoza (1997), Aristocrats in Bourgeois Italy, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521593034
^ Bertolotti 1840.
^ Galleria Sabauda (Turin, Italy) (1899). Catalogo della Regia Pinacoteca di Torino (in Italian).
^ Catalogo della armeria reale (in Italian). Torino: Tipografia editrice G. Candeletti. 1890.
^ "Associazione Amici del Museo Storico Nazionale d'Artiglieria" (in Italian). Torino. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
^ Annuario (in Italian). Regio Museo Industriale Italiano in Torino. 1898.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1873). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.
^ A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal (177). UK. hdl:2027/njp.32101076197365.
^ "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 30 June 2015
^ ^a ^b Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
^ ^a ^b Ceranka, Paweł; Szczepanik, Krzysztof (2020). Urzędy konsularne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1918–1945. Informator archiwalny (in Polish). Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. p. 406. ISBN 978-83-65681-93-5.
^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
^ Corby Kummer (May 2007). "The Supermarket of the Future". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 1, 2013.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography edit

in English edit

published in the 18th-19th century

Frederic Leopold Stolberg (1796), "(Turin)", Travels through Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and Sicily, Translated by Thomas Holcroft, London: G.G. and J. Robinson
"Turin". A Geographical, Historical and Political Description of the Empire of Germany, Holland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Prussia, Italy, Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia: With a Gazetteer. London: John Stockdale. 1800. OCLC 79519893.
Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Turin", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
Mariana Starke (1839), "Turin", Travels in Europe (9th ed.), Paris: A. and W. Galignani
Valery (1842). "Turin". Italy and its Comforts. London: Longman.
Francis Coghlan (1847), "Turin", Handbook for European Tourists (2nd ed.), London: H. Hughes
"Turin", Black's Guide to Italy, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1869
"Turin", Cook's Tourist's Handbook for Northern Italy, London: T. Cook & Son, 1881
William Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Turin", Harper's Hand-Book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
"Turin", Appleton's European Guide Book, New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1888
"Turin", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Italy, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1894
"Turin", Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy (16th ed.), London: John Murray, 1897, OCLC 2231483

published in the 20th-21st century

"Turin", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 12, New York, 1907{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Ashby, Thomas (1910). "Turin" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). pp. 418–419.
"Turin", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913 + 1870 ed.
Trudy Ring, ed. (1996). "Turin". Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. OCLC 31045650.
Martha Pollak (2010). "Paradigmatic Citadels: Antwerp/Turin". Cities at War in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11344-1.

in other languages edit

Modeste Paroletti (1826). Turin a la portée de l'étranger (in French). Turin: Freres Reycend.
Davide Bertolotti (1840), Descrizione di Torino (in Italian), G. Pomba, OCLC 586330
Luigi Cibrario (1846), Storia di Torino (in Italian), Alessandro Fontana. v.1, v.2
Carlo Promis (1869), Storia dell'antica Torino (in Italian), Torino: Dalla Stamperia Reale
V. Bersezio; et al. (1880). Torino (in Italian). Torino: Roux e Favale.
Esposizione Generale Italiana in Torino 1884, Guida Ufficiale: Brevi cenni sulla citta e dintorni [Brief overview of the city and surroundings] (in Italian), Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice, 1884, OCLC 698384728, OL 25311191M
"Torino". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) (6th ed.). Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1887.
"Turin". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). 1908.
Pietro Toesca (1911), Torino (in Italian), Bergamo: Istituto Italiano d'Arti Grafiche, OL 22335598M
Teofilo Rosse; Ferdinando Gabotto (1914), Storia di Torino (in Italian), Torino: Baravalle e Falconieri. v.1
Boccalatte et al., eds. Torino in guerra: 1940-1945 (Turin: Gribaudo, 1995)
Bruno Maida, ed. Guerra e società nella provincia di Torino, 1940-1945 (Turin: Blu Edizioni, 2007)

External links edit

Europeana. Items related to Turin, various dates.

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Britannica 1910.

[katolsk-2] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 June 2015.

[FOOTNOTEBaedeker1913-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t Baedeker 1913.

[FOOTNOTEMorse1823-4] Morse 1823.

[proctor1898-5] Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Torino". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631 – via HathiTrust.

[FOOTNOTEPollak2010-6] Pollak 2010.

[7] Il primo secolo della R. Accademia delle scienze di Torino (in Italian), Torino: Stamperia reale di G.B. Paravia e c., 1883, OL 24347595M

[8] Catalogue rangé dans un nouvel ordre pour l'utilité des gens de lettres contenant les livres françois, italiens, latins &c. qui se trouvent chez les frères Reycends, et Guibert libraires sur le coin de la ruë Neuve à Turin (in French). 1760.

[9] "Reycends frères". French Book Trade in Enlightenment Europe Project, 1769-1794. University of Leeds. Retrieved 1 February 2013.

[10] "36 Hours in Turin". New York Times. June 28, 2012.

[11] Anthony L. Cardoza (1997), Aristocrats in Bourgeois Italy, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521593034

[FOOTNOTEBertolotti1840-12] Bertolotti 1840.

[13] Galleria Sabauda (Turin, Italy) (1899). Catalogo della Regia Pinacoteca di Torino (in Italian).

[14] Catalogo della armeria reale (in Italian). Torino: Tipografia editrice G. Candeletti. 1890.

[15] "Associazione Amici del Museo Storico Nazionale d'Artiglieria" (in Italian). Torino. Retrieved 1 February 2013.

[16] Annuario (in Italian). Regio Museo Industriale Italiano in Torino. 1898.

[17] Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1873). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.

[18] A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal (177). UK. hdl:2027/njp.32101076197365.

[OxfordOpera-19] "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 30 June 2015

[Dunmore2011-20] Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.

[21] Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1899). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.

[pcks-22] Ceranka, Paweł; Szczepanik, Krzysztof (2020). Urzędy konsularne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1918–1945. Informator archiwalny (in Polish). Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. p. 406. ISBN 978-83-65681-93-5.

[23] Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.

[24] Corby Kummer (May 2007). "The Supermarket of the Future". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 1, 2013.

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Summary