Summary
Tipula paludosa is a species of true craneflies, family Tipulidae. It is also known as the European crane fly or the marsh crane fly.[1] It is a pest in grasslands of Northwest Europe and has been accidentally introduced to North America.
| Tipula paludosa | |
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| Tipula paludosa female | |
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| Subgenus: | Tipula
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| Species: | T. paludosa
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| Binomial name | |
| Tipula paludosa Meigen, 1830
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Distribution edit
Tipula paludosa is widespread throughout the West Palaearctic and Nearctic.[1][2] For identification see the Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR[3] and the Diptères: Tipulidae.[4] Tipula paludosa is a very common species flying in May and July to October peaking in August and September.
Biological interactions edit
Tipula paludosa larvae live in the upper soil layers and are the major insect pest in grasslands of Northwest Europe.[5][6]
Oscheius tipulae is a species of nematodes, described in association of the leatherjacket, the larva of T. paludosa.[7][8]
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Tipula paludosa male
References edit
- ^ a b Pjotr Oosterbroek. "Tipula (Tipula) paludosa Meigen, 1830 (search result)". Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World. Naturalis. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
- ^ Fauna Europaea
- ^ Bei-Bienko, G.Y., ed. (1988) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Parts I, II . Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi. ISBN 81-205-0080-6 ISBN 81-205-0081-4
- ^ Pierre, C. , (1924) Diptères: Tipulidae. Paris: Éditions Faune de France 8 159 p. Bibliotheque Virtuelle Numerique pdf
- ^ Dawson, Lorna A.; Grayston, Susan J.; Murray, Philip J. & Pratt, Shona M. (May 2002). "Root feeding behaviour of Tipula paludosa (Meig.) (Diptera: Tipulidae) on Lolium perenne (L.) and Trifolium repens (L.)". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34 (5): 609–615. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00217-6.
- ^ Oestergaard, Jesko; Belau, Christian; Strauch, Olaf; Ester, Albert; van Rozen, Klaas & Ehlers, Ralf-Udo (December 2006). "Biological control of Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Nematocera) using entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema spp.) and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis". Biological Control. 39 (3): 525–531. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.07.003.
- ^ Webster, John M. & Lam, Andrew B.Q. (1971). "Morphology and biology of Panagrolaimus tipulae n. sp. (Panagrolaimidae) and Rhabditis (Rhabditella) tipulae n. sp. (Rhabditidae), from leatherjacket larvae, Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae)". Nematologica. 17 (2): 201–212. doi:10.1163/187529271X00044.
- ^ Sudhaus, Walter (1993). "Redescription of Rhabditis (Oscheius) tipulae (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) associated with leatherjackets, larvae of Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae)". Nematologica. 39 (1–4): 234–239. doi:10.1163/187529293X00187.