Summary
The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' was obtained as a sport of 'Umbraculifera' by the Späth nursery of Berlin c.1897.[1][2][3] It was marketed by the Späth nursery in the early 20th century,[4] and by the Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, in the 1930s.[5]
| Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' | |
|---|---|
 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh | |
| Species | Ulmus minor |
| Cultivar | 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' |
| Origin | Späth nursery, Berlin, Germany |
Description edit
The tree is distinguished by its long oval crown,[2][6] but with thinner branches and smaller leaves than 'Umbraculifera'.[7][8]
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'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (1989) -
'Umbraculifera Gracilis', winter, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh -
Foliage, RBGE, October -
Pressed leaves of Bruntsfield Links specimen -
Bole, RBGE, showing graft-mark bottom right -
Trunk and branching of Bruntsfield Links tree
Pests and diseases edit
The cultivar is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.
Cultivation edit
The only known surviving specimens are in the United States and Scotland (see 'Accessions' and 'Notable trees'). Henry (1913) mentions no example at Kew,[2] though a specimen had been planted there by 1902.[9] A specimen obtained from Späth stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk,[10] in the early 20th century.[11] 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' has been included in the propagation programme (2017) of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.[12]
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'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (April 2015) -
Same (October 2016) -
Bark and foliage of same -
Early autumn colour of same (2014)
Notable trees edit
Three trees supplied by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) in 1902 as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis[13][14] survive in Edinburgh (2019). The two oldest, planted in the Garden itself (one of which is base-grafted), were long known by an updated version of Melville's name for them, U. plotii × U. carpinifolia [15][16] (:U. minor 'Plotii' × U. minor).[17] It is known that Melville renamed some of Späth's trees at RBGE in 1958.[18] These two were, according to one RBGE herbarium sheet, formerly called U. campestris umbraculifera,[15] the name of the parent tree (not present in RBGE) of 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'. A herbarium specimen from Amsterdam labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. matches the Edinburgh trees.[19] Taken together, the evidence suggested that the three Edinburgh trees (the third, with smaller bole-girth, is on Bruntsfield Links) were the clone Späth supplied as U. campestris 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', an identification confirmed in 2016 by RBGE.[20] It is not known why Melville was permitted to disregard the trees' documented Central Asian provenance, and pronounce them hybrids of Plot Elm, a local variety of English field elm.
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The second, ungrafted, RBGE 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' (1989) -
Same (October 2016)
Synonymy edit
Accessions edit
North America edit
- Holden Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 60-164
Europe edit
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Acc. nos. 19699358, 19699365
Nurseries edit
Europe edit
- Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw, Kampenhout, Belgium. ('Umbraculifera' listed separately to 'Umbraculifera Gracilis').[22]
- Baumschulen Bauch GbR, Rheinbach, Germany. [23]
References edit
- ^ Späth, L., Catalogue 104 (1899–1900; Berlin), p.133
- ^ a b c Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. p. 1893.
- ^ kiki.huh.harvard.edu, [1]
- ^ Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
- ^ Hesse, Hermann Albert (1932). Preis- und Sortenliste. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
- ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
- ^ Krüssmann, Johann Gerd (1984). Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees and Shrubs. Vol. 3. p. 406.
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853132". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
- ^ Hand-list of trees and shrubs, excluding Coniferae, grown in Arboretum Kew Gardens (London, 1902), p.615
- ^ rystonhall.co.uk/
- ^ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
- ^ Dr Max Coleman, 'Strange fruit offer lifeline to rare elms', Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh; stories.rbge.org.uk
- ^ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - E00824851". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); "Herbarium specimen - E00824850". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); "Herbarium specimen - E00824849". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902)
- ^ a b "Herbarium specimen - L.1586788". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera (RBGE specimen C2717); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - L.1586789". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville; "Herbarium specimen - E00824800". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853131". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
- ^ RBGE Cultivated Herbarium Accessions Book: October 1958 notes by Ronald Melville on elm specimens on Azalea Lawn
- ^ Other herbarium leaf-specimens labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth, however, from Haarlem and Dahlem, appear to show a clone different from the Amsterdam specimen: "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853133". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. var. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd.; formerly named U. scabra Mill. × U. campestris var. umbraculifera and as U. umbraculifera gracilis (Haarlem specimen); "Herbarium specimen - L.1586951". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth; formerly known as 'U. montana umbraculifera gracilis' (Dahlem Hortus specimen, 1925).
- ^ "List of Living Accessions: Ulmus". Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
- ^ Späth, F. (1896). "Einige neue und seltene gehölze der Späth'schen Baumschule". Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft. 5: 28. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
- ^ Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
- ^ Baumschulen Bauch GbR: Sortimentsliste 2016-17, accessdate: November 2, 2016