Summary
Vesyegonsky District (Russian: Весьего́нский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[5] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Cherepovetsky District of Vologda Oblast in the northeast, Breytovsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southeast, Krasnokholmsky District in the south, Molokovsky District in the southwest, Sandovsky District in the west, and with Ustyuzhensky District of Vologda Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,047 square kilometers (790 sq mi).[2] Its administrative center is the town of Vesyegonsk.[1] Population: 13,481 (2010 Census);[3] 16,517 (2002 Census);[7] 19,879 (1989 Soviet census).[8] The population of Vesyegonsk accounts for 54.4% of the district's total population.[3]
Vesyegonsky District
Весьегонский район | |
|---|---|
 Ovinishchi–Vesyegonsk railway in Vesyegonsky District | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Vesyegonsky District in Tver Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 58°39′N 37°16′E / 58.650°N 37.267°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tver Oblast[1] |
| Established | 12 July 1929 |
| Administrative center | Vesyegonsk[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,047 km2 (790 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 13,481 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 11,276 (−16.4%) |
| • Density | 6.6/km2 (17/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 54.4% |
| • Rural | 45.6% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 1 Urban settlements, 7 Rural settlements |
| • Inhabited localities | 1 cities/towns, 263 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Vesyegonsky Municipal District[5] |
| • Municipal divisions[6] | 1 urban settlements, 7 rural settlements |
| Website | http://vesegonsk.ru/ |
Geography edit
The whole area of the district is flatland adjacent from the west to the Rybinsk Reservoir, which was filled in the 1940s and submerged the lower course of the Mologa River, a major tributary of the Volga River. The Mologa forms the northeastern border of the district, and rivers in the whole area in the district drain into the Mologa or formerly drained into the Mologa and now drain into the Rybinsk Revservoir. The largest tributaries of the Rybinsk Reservoir within the district are the Renya (with the left tributary, the Zvana), the Kesma, and the Sebla. Much of the area of the district is covered by forest.
History edit
The area of the district was originally populated by the Ves, a Finnic tribe; the name of Vesyegonsk derives from the Ves. In the 12th century, the area was at the border between the Novgorod Republic and Rostov-Suzdal Principality (which subsequently evolved into Vladimir-Suzdal Principality). After the latter one disintegrated into smaller feudal domains, the area subsequently passed through the Rostov, Uglich, Yaroslavl, and Beloozero principalities, before ending up in the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the 15th century; by the end of the 15th century, the Novgorod Republic was annexed by Moscow as well.[9]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and in 1776 Vesyegonsky Uyezd was established as a part of Tver Viceroyalty. Vesyegonsk got the town status. In 1796, the viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate, and Vesyegonsky Uyezd was abolished, the area was moved to Bezhetsky Uyezd. In 1803, it was re-established.[9] On April 25, 1921, Vesyegonsky Uyezd was transferred to newly established Rybinsk Governorate. On February 15, 1923, Rybinsk Governorate was abolished, and the uyezd was transferred back to Tver Governorate.[10]
On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Vesyegonsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Vesyegonsk, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Vesyegonsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On March 5, 1935 a new division of Kalinin Oblast was introduced, and the area of Vesyegonsk District was reduced.[10] In 1939, the construction of the Rybinsk Reservoir started, and large areas in the lower course of the Mologa were to be submerged under water. In particular, the town of Vesyegonsk was submerged. Because of this, Vesyegonsk was moved to a new location, downgraded to an urban-type settlement,[9] and the administrative center of the district in September, 1939 was moved to the selo of Telyatino. On April 26, 1940 Vesyegonsky District was abolished and split between Sandovsky and Ovinishchensky District. On March 3, 1949 the district was re-established on the areas which previously belonged to Sandovsky and Ovinishchensky Districts, and Vesyegonsk was made the district center. In 1953, Vesyegonsk was granted town status.[10] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.
On March 5, 1935 Ovinishchensky District with the administrative center in the selo of Kesma was established on the areas which previously belonged to Vesyegonsky and Krasnokholmsky Districts. On July 4, 1956 the district was abolished and split between Vesyegonsky and Krasnokholmsky Districts.[10][11]
Economy edit
Industry edit
There are enterprises of timber and food industries in the district.[12]
Agriculture edit
As of 2011, 42 mid-scale farms were operating in the district. The main specialization of agriculture is cattle breeding with meat and milk production. Only 50% of agricultural lands are in use.[12]
Transportation edit
A railway connecting Moscow and Mga via Sonkovo and Pestovo crosses the southern part of the district. The major railway stations are in Ovinishchi. There, a railway branches off north to Vesyegonsk, which is the terminal station. The branch between Ovinishchi and Vesyegonsk is said to be the first railway completed in the Soviet Union.[9]
Vesyegonsk is connected by roads with Ustyuzhna and with Tver via Krasny Kholm and Bezhetsk. There are also local roads. There is bus traffic originating from Vesyegonsk.
Culture and recreation edit
The district contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twenty-seven objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance (five of them in Vesyegonsk).[13] The federal monuments are the Presentation Church of the early 19th century in the selo of Churikovo and an archeological site.
Vesyegonsk hosts the Vesyegonsk District Museum, which has expositions on local history.[14]
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 210», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 210, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b Весьегонский район - общая информация (in Russian). Муниципальное образование Весьегонский район. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b Law #4-ZO
- ^ Law #21-ZO
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c d Наша история (in Russian). Муниципальное образование Весьегонский район. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c d Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ^ Кондрашов, А. (March 5, 2013). "8. "Колхозная правда"". Весьегонская жизнь (in Russian). 2013 (9). Vesyegonsk. Archived from the original on August 27, 2013.
- ^ a b Инвестиционная привлекательность района (in Russian). Муниципальное образование Весьегонский район. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ Весьегонский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
Sources edit
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №21-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Весьегонский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №52-ЗО от 6 июня 2006 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Тверской области, регулирующие вопросы установления границ муниципальных образований Тверской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #21-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Vesyegonsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #52-ZO of June 6, 2006 On Amending Various Laws of Tver Oblast on Regulating the Issues of Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).