The voiced retroflex nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɳ ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is n`
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Voiced retroflex nasal | |||
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ɳ | |||
IPA Number | 117 | ||
Audio sample | |||
source · help | |||
Encoding | |||
Entity (decimal) | ɳ | ||
Unicode (hex) | U+0273 | ||
X-SAMPA | n` | ||
Braille | |||
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Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of an en (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant). It is similar to ⟨ɲ⟩, the letter for the palatal nasal, which has a leftward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the left stem, and to ⟨ŋ⟩, the letter for the velar nasal, which has a leftward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of the right stem.
Features of the voiced retroflex nasal:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bengali[1] | Rare; occurs in the extreme western dialects | ||||
Enindhilyagwa | yingarna | [jiŋaɳa] | 'snake' | ||
Faroese | ørn | [œɻɳ] | 'eagle' | ||
Hindi | ठण्डा/ṭhaṇḍā | [ʈʰəɳɖaː] | 'cold' | ||
Kannada | ಅಣೆ/aṇe | [ɐɳe] | 'dam' | ||
Khanty | Eastern dialects | еңә/eṇẹ | [eɳə] | 'large' | |
Some northern dialects | |||||
Malayalam[2] | അണ/aṇa | [ɐɳɐ] | 'jaw' | ||
Marathi | बाण/bāṇa | [baːɳ] | 'arrow' | Often realized as a flap in intervocalic and word-final positions. See Marathi phonology | |
Nepali | अण्डा/aṇḍā | [ʌɳɖä] | 'egg' | See Nepali phonology | |
Norwegian | garn | ⓘ | 'yarn' | See Norwegian phonology | |
Odia | ବଣି/baṇi | [bɔɳi] | 'old' | ||
Pashto | اتڼ/Ataṇ | ⓘ | 'Attan' | ||
Punjabi | Gurmukhi | ਪੁਰਾਣਾ/purāṇā | [pʊraːɳaː] | 'old' | |
Shahmukhi | پُراݨا/purāṇā | ||||
Swedish[3] | garn | ⓘ | 'yarn' | See Swedish phonology | |
Tamil[4] | அணல்/aṇal | [aɳal] | 'neck' | See Tamil phonology | |
Telugu | గొణుగు/goṇugu | [goɳugu] | 'murmur' | Occurs as allophone of anuswara when followed by Voiced retroflex plosives. | |
Vietnamese[5] | anh trả | [aɳ˧ ʈa˨˩˦] | 'you pay' | Allophone of /n/ before /ʈ/ in Saigon dialect. See Vietnamese phonology |
Retroflex nasal flap | |
---|---|
ɽ̃ | |
ɳ̆ |
Features of the retroflex nasal tap or flap:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hindi | गणेश Gaṇeśa | [ɡəɽ̃eːʃ] | 'Ganesha' | Allophone of /ɳ/ when not in clusters |
Ndrumbea[6] | /t̠ɽáɽẽ/ | [t̠áɽ̃ã́ɻ̃ẽ] | 'to run' | Allophone of /ɽ/ before a nasal vowel |
Kangri[7] | न्ह़ौणा | [nɔ̌ɽ̃ɑ] | 'to bathe' |