The Yanan Formation, alternatively spelled the Yan'an Formation (Chinese: 延安组), is a geological formation in China, it is also alternatively considered a group. The age of the formation is uncertain, with estimates ranging from Toarcian to Bajocian. It is divided up into 5 members, with the designation of Y1 through Y5. Y2, Y3 and Y4 are predominantly dark shales, while Y1 and Y5 are composed of sandstones, coal beds[1] and interbedded mudstones. The depositional environment at the time was when the Ordos Basin formed a large inland lake, surrounded by floodplains. The dark shales have been explored for the potential of producing shale gas.[2] The coal has also been explored for the production of coalbed methane.[3] The formation is also notable for its fossil content, with dinosaur footprints having been found in the formation.[4] The dinosaur Lingwulong was formerly thought to have been found in this formation,[5] but the strata was later attributed to the overlying Zhiluo Formation.[6]
Yanan Formation | |
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Stratigraphic range: | |
Type | Geological formation |
Sub-units | Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 |
Underlies | Zhiluo Formation |
Overlies | Fuxian Formation |
Thickness | up to 220 metres (720 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, shale |
Other | Coal |
Location | |
Coordinates | 38°06′N 106°42′E / 38.1°N 106.7°E |
Approximate paleocoordinates | 42°06′N 111°42′E / 42.1°N 111.7°E |
Region | Ningxia, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia |
Country | China |
Extent | Ordos Basin |
Type section | |
Named for | Yan'an |
Yanan Formation (China) Yanan Formation (Ningxia) |