Summary
The Young Socialist Alliance (YSA) was a Trotskyist youth group of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) in the United States of America. It was founded in 1960, although it had roots going back several years earlier. It was dissolved in 1992.[1] The SWP recreated a youth org named the Young Socialists (YS) in 1994.[1]
Young Socialist Alliance | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | YSA |
| Founded | April 1960 |
| Dissolved | 1992 |
| Merged into | Socialist Workers Party |
| Succeeded by | Young Socialists |
| Ideology | Trotskyism |
| Political position | Far-left |
| Parent organization | Socialist Workers Party |
YSA membership peaked in 1971 at 1,434.[2]
History edit
Origins edit
The origins of the YSA were in a regroupment of younger members of the SWP with others in the aftermath of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The principal other component was a group from the Young Socialist League, the youth group of an adult organization called the Independent Socialist League, led by Max Shachtman.[3] The principal figures from the YSL were Tim Wohlforth, Shane Mage, and James Robertson, who joined with young members of the SWP (hence the word "alliance") to found the "Young Socialist" newspaper. A founding conference of the Young Socialist Alliance was held in April 1960 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, though local Young Socialist supporter groups had existed in several cities for a few years beforehand.[4][5]
The initial YSA central leadership was comprised two rival groups: Wohlforth, Robertson, and Mage who had come over from the YSL, and SWP majority supporters represented by Nora Roberts, Bert Deck, and others. In late 1961 at the second YSA convention, held in Chicago, the SWP central leadership arranged the removal of Wohlforth and Robertson from the YSA on age grounds and replaced the initial majority group with Barry Sheppard and Peter Camejo from Boston, Sheppard as national chairman and Camejo as national secretary.[6]
At that time the Young Socialist Alliance had approximately 150 members nationally.[7]
Activities edit
An early activity of the YSA was a national campaign in defense of three of its members who were students at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, Tom Morgan, Ralph Levitt, and Jim Bingham, who were indicted in 1963 by local prosecutor Thomas Hoadley under a little used anticommunist statute. The students were eventually acquitted.[8]
At the YSA's fourth convention, held over the 1964-65 New Year weekend in Chicago, Jack Barnes succeeded Barry Sheppard as YSA national chairman.[9] Barnes had joined the SWP in Minneapolis while a student at Carleton College in Minnesota. He in turn recruited a number of fellow students, including several who went on to become prominent in the Socialist Workers Party leadership of the next two decades.[2]
The YSA achieved substantial influence in the anti-Vietnam War movement between 1965 and the early 1970s, including near complete control over the Student Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, a national campus organization with a peak membership of some 100,000.[10]
In 1970, YSA members attempted to take control of women's liberation group Cell 16.[11]
Decline edit
The organization went into rapid decline with the end of the war in Vietnam in 1975. By 1980 its membership had fallen to 468, of whom only about 275 were not also members of the Socialist Workers Party.[2] The YSA formally dissolved in 1992.
In 1994, the Socialist Workers Party created a new youth organization called the Young Socialists.[1]
In 1999, the Young Socialists affiliated with the World Federation of Democratic Youth.[12]
References edit
- ^ a b c "Young Socialist Alliance - Infoshop OpenWiki". wiki.infoshop.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-26.
- ^ a b c "Outsider's Reverie: A Memoir", Leslie Evans, 2009, p. 279
- ^ "The Party: The Socialist Workers Party, 1960-1988", Barry Sheppard, 2005, p. 21
- ^ International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: a documented analysis, Robert Jackson Alexander, 1991, 1125 pages, p.48, Google Books: bGoogle-IC-48.
- ^ "The Party: The Socialist Workers Party, 1960-1988", Barry Sheppard, 2005, p. 22,
- ^ "The Party: The Socialist Workers Party, 1960-1988", Barry Sheppard, 2005, p. 65-67,
- ^ "North Star: A Memoir", Peter Camejo, 2010, p. 27
- ^ "The Party: The Socialist Workers Party, 1960-1988", Barry Sheppard, 2005, p. 86-92,
- ^ "The Party: The Socialist Workers Party, 1960-1988", Barry Sheppard, 2005, p. 124-25,
- ^ "Out Now! A Participant's Account of the American Movement Against the Vietnam War" Fred Halstead, 1978, pp.367-404
- ^ Schultz, Jaime (2019-12-12). "More than Fun and Games: Cell 16, Female Liberation, and Physical Competence, or Why Sport Matters". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 36 (17–18): 1552–1573. doi:10.1080/09523367.2020.1725480. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 212782485. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
- ^ "ISR-Youth and the Communist Movement: Winning a New Generation to Norms and Traditions of a Proletarian Party". The Militant. February 22, 1999. Archived from the original on July 20, 2002.
External links edit
- Young Socialist archive on the Encyclopedia of Trotskyism On-Line
- The Young Socialist Alliance records at the University of Maryland Libraries
- University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections - Vietnam War Era Ephemera This collection contains leaflets and newspapers that were distributed on the University of Washington campus during the decades of the 1960s and 1970s. Includes ephemera from the Young Socialist Alliance.