Kan sat on the President's Committee on the National Medal of Science, which reviews nominations for the award, from 1988 to 1990,[23] and was the President of the American Society of Hematology in 1990.[24][25] He was also the President of the Society of Chinese Bioscientists in America from 1998 to 1999,[26] and was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Croucher Foundation, Hong Kong, from 1991 to 2011.[27]
In 1993, Kan was appointed to head the newly established Gene Therapy Core Center at UCSF.[28]
Kan and his collaborators found the deletion of a gene was the cause of alpha-thalassemia,[37] the first demonstration of its kind for any disease.[15] He was also the first to establish that a single DNAmutation could lead to a human disease, and the first to diagnose a human disease using DNA.[38] His 1979 report on the cause of beta-thalassemia established the disease-causing ability of SNPs, where he found that a nonsense mutation, a type of point mutation, led to the truncation of the beta chains of hemoglobin.[39][40]
In prenatal testing research, he discovered, in 1972, that hemoglobin protein chains could be isolated from fetal blood, and the presence of abnormal hemoglobin chains signified sickle cell disease, allowing for the detection of the disease before birth.[41] Then, building on his finding that alpha-thalassemia was caused by a gene deletion, he designed a DNA-based test for the deletion,[42] the first time a DNA test was used for diagnosing a human condition.[2] In 1978, he discovered a SNP next to the HBB gene that is associated with the HBB mutation that causes sickle cell disease. Digesting this DNA sequence with special enzymes (known as restriction enzymes) yielded specific DNA fragments, the sets of which varied according to the SNP variation and, by association, the presence of the sickle cell disease-causing mutation,[43][44] suggesting an indirect diagnostic method for the disease and marking the first use of SNPs in genetic linkage analysis of human diseases.[2]
The Y W Kan Professorship in Natural Sciences at the University of Hong Kong was created in Kan's honor.[76]
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