Summary
Zirconium(IV) bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula ZrBr4. This colourless solid is the principal precursor to other Zr–Br compounds.
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| Other names
zirconium tetrabromide
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| Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.002 |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| ZrBr4 | |
| Molar mass | 410.86 g/mol |
| Appearance | off-white powder |
| Density | 4.201 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) |
| Boiling point | sublimes |
| reacts with water | |
| Structure | |
| Cubic, cP40 | |
| P-43m, No. 205 | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H314 | |
| P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Zirconium(IV) fluoride Zirconium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) iodide |
Other cations
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Titanium tetrabromide Hafnium tetrabromide |
Related compounds
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Zirconium(III) bromide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
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Preparation and properties edit
ZrBr4 is prepared by the action of bromine on zirconium oxide via a carbothermic reaction:[1]
- ZrO2 + 2 C + 2 Br2 → ZrBr4 + 2 CO
Like many related tetrahalides, it is purified by sublimation.
It can also be prepared by treatment of the borohydride complex with hydrogen bromide:[2]
- Zr(BH4)4 + 4 HBr → ZrBr4 + 4 H2 + 2 B2H6
Like related tetrabromides of Ti and Hf, ZrBr4 hydrolyzes readily to give the oxybromide, with release of hydrogen bromide.
Structure edit
No single crystal X-ray study of ZrBr4 has been described. Some reports suggest that it is isostructural with TiCl4 and TiBr4, featuring tetrahedral metal centers.[3] Other studies indicate a polymeric structure.[4] ZrCl4 is polymeric in the solid state, featuring octahedral Zr centers.[5]
References edit
- ^ R. C. Young, Hewitt G. Fletcher, "Anhydrous Zirconium Tetrabromide" Inorganic Syntheses, 1939, vol. 1, pp. 49–51. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch18
- ^ Calderazzo, Fausto; Pallavicini, Piersandro; Pampaloni, Guido (1990). "Arene derivatives of zirconium(II) and hafnium(II)". Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (6): 1813. doi:10.1039/DT9900001813.
- ^ Berdonosov, S. S.; Lapitskii, A. V. (1963). "Structure of Zr and Hf Tetrabromides". Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Seriya 2: Khimiya. 18: 42–4.
(from abstract): The structure was assumed to be similar to that of SnI4 ... was verified by comparing exptl. and calcd. line intensities, by using Cu K radiation for powder patterns. ... Based on the value of the radius of the I− ion, the lattice parameter and the theoretical sp. gravity of ZrI4 and HfI4 were calcd.
- ^ Carter, J. C.; Smith, J. A. S. (1974). "Nuclear quadrupole resonance in hafnium and zirconium tetrabromide". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications (20): 835–6. doi:10.1039/c39740000835.
- ^ A. F. Wells (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.