Summary
Amarantite is an amaranth-red to brownish mineral with the general formula of Fe3+2O(SO4)2·7H2O[2][3] or Fe3+SO4(OH)·3H2O.[4]
| Amarantite | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General | |
| Category | Sulfate minerals |
| Formula (repeating unit) | Fe3+2O(SO4)2·7H2O |
| IMA symbol | Ama[1] |
| Strunz classification | 7.DB.30 |
| Crystal system | Triclinic |
| Crystal class | Pinacoidal (1) (same H-M symbol) |
| Space group | P1 |
| Unit cell | a = 8.9, b = 11.56 c = 6.64 [Å]; α = 95.55° β = 90.52°, γ = 97.42°; Z = 2 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Amaranth-red to brownish red, orange-red |
| Crystal habit | As radiating or matted aggregates of needles; may be columnar or bladed |
| Cleavage | Perfect on {010} and {100} |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 2+1⁄2 |
| Luster | Vitreous |
| Streak | Lemon-yellow |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent |
| Specific gravity | 2.189–2.286 |
| Optical properties | Biaxial (−) |
| Refractive index | nα = 1.516 nβ = 1.598 nγ = 1.621 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.105 |
| Pleochroism | X = colorless; Y = pale yellow; Z = reddish brown |
| 2V angle | Measured: 30° |
| References | [2][3][4] |
The name comes from the Greek word αμάραντος which means amaranth, an imaginary undying red flower, in allusion to its color.[4]
Amarantite is triclinic, which means crystallographically, it has only one symmetry fold. It must be rotated 360 degrees to be exactly the same. Due to it being triclinic it falls into the biaxial optical class, the axis degrees do not equal 90 degrees and the sides of each axis are not the same length.[5] Amarantite is anisotropic,[3] which means, the velocity of light varies with crystallographic direction, and there is more than one refractive index.[6]
Amarantite is a very rare mineral and can only be found in a couple of places such as Carocoles, Chile. Although it is a source of iron, there is not enough amarantite to be mined for iron. However, when found in crystal form its red orange color gives it value as a collectors item.[5]
References edit
- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b Amarantite in the Handbook of Mineralogy
- ^ a b c Amarantite on Mindat.org
- ^ a b c Amarantite data on Webmineral
- ^ a b Alpers, C.N., Jember, J.L. and, Nordstrom, D.K.(2000) Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (volume 40) Sulfate Minerals: Crystallography, Geochemisrty, and Environmental Significance
- ^ Klein, C. and C. S. Hurlbut, Jr. (1985) Manual of Mineralogy, Wiley, 20th ed., p. 236 ISBN 0-471-80580-7
- Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 611-613.