Summary
In spectroscopy, bathochromic shift (from Greek βαθύς (bathys) 'deep', and χρῶμα (chrōma) 'color'; hence less common alternate spelling "bathychromic") is a change of spectral band position in the absorption, reflectance, transmittance, or emission spectrum of a molecule to a longer wavelength (lower frequency).[1] Because the red color in the visible spectrum has a longer wavelength than most other colors, the effect is also commonly called a red shift.
Hypsochromic shift is a change to shorter wavelength (higher frequency).
Conditions edit
It can occur because of a change in environmental conditions: for example, a change in solvent polarity will result in solvatochromism.[2]
A series of structurally-related molecules in a substitution series can also show a bathochromic shift. Bathochromic shift is a phenomenon seen in molecular spectra, not atomic spectra; it is thus more common to speak of the movement of the peaks in the spectrum rather than lines.
where is the wavelength of the spectral peak of interest and
Detection edit
Bathochromic shift is typically demonstrated using a spectrophotometer, colorimeter, or spectroradiometer.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Kamlet, Mortimer J.; Taft, R. W. (1976). "The solvatochromic comparison method. I. The .beta.-scale of solvent hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) basicities". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 98 (2): 377–383. doi:10.1021/ja00418a009. ISSN 0002-7863.
- ^ Buncel, Erwin; Rajagopal, Srinivasan (1990). "Solvatochromism and solvent polarity scales". Accounts of Chemical Research. 23 (7): 226–231. doi:10.1021/ar00175a004. ISSN 0001-4842.