Summary
The Reverend Charles Tooth was an Anglican clergyman and founder of St Mark's English Church, Florence.[1]
Charles Tooth | |
|---|---|
| Born | 14 February 1831 |
| Died | 2 August 1894 (aged 63) |
| Occupation | Anglican clergyman |
| Known for | Founder of St Mark's English Church, Florence |
Early life edit
Charles Tooth was born 14 February 1831 in Cranbrooke, Kent. He was the son of Robert Tooth (1799–1867[2]) and Mary Ann Reader (c. 1801 – 1845).
Tooth became managing partner of the Tooth Brothers' brewery (later Crescent Brewery) in Burton upon Trent in 1855.[3] This was founded mainly to export beer to the business run by his brothers Robert (1821–1893), Edwin and Frederick in Sydney, Australia[4] where demand for beer had increased as a result of the Australian gold rushes.[5] It closed after financial problems early in the next decade.[6] He was author or coauthor of patents related to brewing.[7]
Ministry edit
Tooth was admitted as a fellow-commoner to Downing College in 1860 and graduated from the University of Cambridge with a B.A. in 1864.[8] He was ordained deacon in 1863 and priest in 1864[8] (his brothers Arthur and William Augustus also studied at Cambridge and were ordained in the same year).[9]
He served as curate in Uxbridge (then in Middlesex) 1863–65, was perpetual curate of St George's[10] Falfield, Gloucestershire 1865–71, vicar of Grandborough, Warwickshire 1871–72 and rector of St. Mark's Snow Hill in Shelton, Staffordshire 1872–75.[8]
Tooth moved to Tuscany for health reasons[11] in 1876,[12] where he was the Anglican chaplain in Siena.[13] He founded St Mark's English Church as an independent house church in Florence in 1877 for which he purchased new premises which opened in 1881, although chaplain and church were not licensed for service by the bishop until 1884.[14] He remained chaplain of St Mark's until 1894.[8]
Legacy edit
He married Eliza Tabberer (died 1892) in 1855.
Charles Tooth married Louisa Janette Anne Edwards (died 1899) in 1894. Louisa Tooth was the daughter of Edward Lloyd Edward whose family owned Cerrig Llwydion Hall in Denbighshire. Her first husband was Richard Meredyth Richards, a JP and high sheriff for the county of Merionethshire.
Charles Tooth died the same year, on 2 August 1894 in Gibraltar.[15]
Louisa Tooth, his widow, commissioned the building of St Mark's Church, Brithdir in Gwynedd, North Wales in his memory.[16] It was designed by Henry Wilson in the style of the Arts and Crafts movement. Building started in 1895 and the church was consecrated in 1898. It is designated a Grade I listed building by Cadw who describe it as "an exceptionally important and advanced work for its date".[17] It is cared for by the Friends of Friendless Churches.[16]
References edit
- ^ "Our History". Florence: St Mark's English Church. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
- ^ Bayley 2010, p. 3.
- ^ Bayley 2010, p. 14.
- ^ Walsh 1976.
- ^ Bayley 2010, pp. 10–11.
- ^ Bayley 2010, pp. 20–21.
- ^ Journal of the Society of Arts 1856–7.
- ^ a b c d Venn 1954, p. 208.
- ^ Bayley 2010, p. 22.
- ^ "A Brief History of St George's Church". falfield.org.uk. Archived from the original on 15 March 2014.
- ^ Mittler 2007, p. 4.
- ^ Mittler 2011, p. 48.
- ^ Mittler 2011, pp. 48–9.
- ^ Mittler 2011, p. 49.
- ^ Bayley 2010, pp. 4, 22.
- ^ a b "Brithdir". Friends of Friendless Churches. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ Cadw. "Church of St Mark (Grade I) (16008)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
Citations
- Bayley, Paul (2010). "Toothless in Burton: A History of the Crescent Brewery, Burton upon Trent and in Particular its Association with the Tooth Family of Cranbrook, Kent and Sidney, Australia" (PDF). J. Brewery History Soc. 134: 2–49.
- Journal of the Society of Arts:
- "Applications for patents and protection allowed". Journal of the Society of Arts. 5 (213): 75. 19 December 1856. JSTOR 41323630.
Dated 21st November, 1856: 2758. Charles Tooth, Burton-on-Trent – Improvements in charging or filling and filling up casks or other vessels for containing fermenting liquids.
- "Applications for patents and protection allowed". Journal of the Society of Arts. 6 (263): 48. 4 December 1857. JSTOR 41334428.
Dated 20th October, 1857: 2684. Charles Tooth and William Watkin Wynne, Burton-on-Trent – An improved refrigerator or apparatus for cooling or attempering liquids.
- "Applications for patents and protection allowed". Journal of the Society of Arts. 5 (213): 75. 19 December 1856. JSTOR 41323630.
- Mittler, Penny (2007). "The Church of England Chaplaincies in Florence since 1820" (PDF). Florence: St Mark's English Church. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
- Mittler, Penny (2011) [first published 2007]. "Only Connect: A Case Study of the Influence of the English Church and the Non-Catholic Cults in the Florence of the Risorgimento". In Faltin, L.; Wright, M. (eds.). The Religious Roots of Contemporary European Identity. London: Continuum Press. pp. 40–52. ISBN 978-1-4411-9571-5.
- Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage. Vol. 2 (107th ed.). Wilmington, Delaware: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books). p. 2428.
- Walsh, G. P. (1976). "Tooth, Robert (1821–1893)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
- Venn, J.A., ed. (1954). "Tooth, Charles". Alumni Cantabrigienses (Part 2). Vol. 6. Cambridge University Press. p. 208 – via Internet Archive.