Summary
The Hispasat 1D, since 2016 called Hispasat 30W-4 is a Spanish communications satellite launched in 2002 operated by Hispasat. Together with the Hispasat 1C it formed a constellation in order to strengthen communication ties between the American continent (particularly South America) and the Iberian Peninsula for both governmental and private uses.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
| Names | Hispasat 1D |
|---|---|
| Operator | Hispasat |
| COSPAR ID | 2002-044A |
| SATCAT no. | 27528 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Bus | Spacebus-3000B2 |
| Manufacturer | Alcatel Space |
| Launch mass | 3,250 kg |
| Dry mass | 1,345 kg |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 18/09/2002 |
| Rocket | Atlas IIAS |
| Launch site | Air Force Eastern Test Range (AFETR) |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Semi-major axis | 42,164 km |
| Periapsis altitude | 35,773.9 km |
| Apoapsis altitude | 35,813.6 km |
| Inclination | 2.5° |
| Period | 1,436.1 minutes |
The end of the service life of the constellation was scheduled for 2017 (after more than 15 years in active)[9] however as of 2022 the Hispasat 1D is still active.[10][11][12]
Body edit
The Hispasat 1D was built by Alcatel Space. It is based in the Spacebus-3000B2 bus. The satellite has a dry mass of 1,345 kg (increased to 3,250 kg at launch). It is shaped as a rectangular prism whose lateral faces allocate four Silicon retractable solar panels capable of providing 7 kW (end of life) directly to the two sets of regulated power supplies.[13] When fully deployed it has a RCS of 17.6011 m2.
The satellite is 3-axis stabilized thanks to a set of 4 FDIR reaction wheels.
Propulsion edit
The main propulsion for the satellite is provided by a liquid propelled S400-12 rocket engine.[14] It was developed by ArianeGroup (former Airbus DS). It uses monomethylhydrazine and mixed oxides of nitrogen as fuel. It develops a thrust between 340 N and 440 N.[15][16]
Additionally, the satellite also contains 14 secondary bipropellant S10-18 engines for ABM and aspect control. They use Dinitrogen tetroxide and monomethylhydrazine and are capable of developing up t0 10N of thrust.[17]
The fuel is allocated on two independent OST 22/4 surface-tension fuel tanks.[18]
Communications module edit
The satellite is equipped with three antennas, 28 Ku-band transponders and several X-band transponders. It is intended to strengthen communications between the American continent Spain for government, commercial and military use. Particularly offering TV coverage from international channels to South America.
Launch edit
The satellite was launched the 18th of September 2002 at 18:00 on board an Atlas IIAS rocket from Space Launch Complex 36A in Cape Canaveral Space Force Station under the direction of Space Launch Delta 45.[19][20] It was successfully put into a geostationary orbit 30º W with an apogee of 35,813.6 km, a perigee of 35,773.9 km, a semi-major axis of 42,164 km, an inclination of 2.5º and an orbital period of 1,436.1 minutes.[21]
During its service life it is being monitored from Hispasat's Satellite Control Centre in Arganda del Rey (Madrid).[22]
References edit
- ^ "Hispasat 1C → Hispasat 84W-1, 1D → Hispasat 30W-4 → Hispasat 143W-1 → Hispasat 136W-1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "Europe Coverage: Hispasat 1D/1E". www.kvh.com. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ AC-159: Hispasat 1D launch (18.09.02), retrieved 2022-01-25
- ^ "Hispasat 30W-4". www.hispasat.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "Hispasat-series (and other Spanish communications satellites)". rammb.cira.colostate.edu. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "Satbeams - World Of Satellites at your fingertips". Satbeams Web and Mobile. Retrieved 2022-01-28.
- ^ "Hispasat-30W-4 autorizado en Argentina". Latam Satelital (in Spanish). 2017-02-03. Retrieved 2022-01-28.
- ^ Lima, Richard (2016-03-16). "SatÉlites Hispasat 30W mudaram de nome... e outros da Hispasat tambÉm". GPS.Pezquiza.com (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-01-28.
- ^ "Hispasat 1C fulfilled its mission and was sent to the graveyard orbit". Thales Group. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ "Television channels on satellites Hispasat 30W-4 (1D), Hispasat 30W-5 (1E) & Hispasat 30W-6 (new) [30°W]". SatExpat.
- ^ "Europe Coverage: Hispasat 1D/1E". www.kvh.com. Retrieved 2022-01-28.
- ^ "Hispasat 1D – internet satelital idirect". conexionporsatelite.com. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ "Aerospatiale → Alcatel Space → Alcatel Alenia Space → Thales Alenia Space: Spacebus-3000/4000 B-Class". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2022-02-02.
- ^ "Hispasat 1D / 2002 - 044A". www.space-propulsion.com. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ "400 N Bipropellant Apogee Motors". www.space-propulsion.com. Retrieved 2022-01-27.
- ^ Kozlov, Alexander A.; Vorobiev, Aleksey G.; Borovik, Igor N.; Kazennov, Ivan S.; Lahin, Anton V.; Bogachev, Eugenie A.; Timofeev, Anatoly N. Cuppolett, Dr. John (ed.). Development Liquid Rocket Engine of Small Thrust With Combustion Chamber from Carbon - Ceramic Composite Material (PDF). InTech. p. 5. ISBN 978-953-307-351-4.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Krishnan, Subramaniam; B Muhalim, Noor Muhammad Feizal. "Design of Nitrogen-Tetroxide / Monomethyl-Hydrazine Thruster for Upper Stage Application" (PDF). Propulsion Krishnan.
- ^ Cortés Borgmeyer, Susana. "Surface Tension Propellant Tank OST 22/X" (PDF). Space Propulsion. ArianeGroup - Orbital Propulsion.
- ^ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Telemetry Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ "Hispasat 1D (Atlas 2AS)". www.lunarcabin.com. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "Technical details for satellite HISPASAT 1D". N2YO.com - Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ^ "Hispasat improves the energy efficiency of its satellite control centre in Madrid and reduces its ecological footprint". www.hispasat.com (in Spanish). Hispasat press release. 2019. Retrieved 2022-01-29.
External links edit
- Hispasat (official site)