Primates is a diverse order of placentalmammals which includes monkeys, lemurs, galagos, lorisids, tarsiers, and apes (including humans). Members of this order are called primates. The order currently comprises 502 extant species, which are grouped into 81 genera. The majority of primates live in South and Central America, Africa, and southern and Southeast Asia, in a variety of habitats, particularly forests but also including grasslands, savannas, shrublands, wetlands, deserts, and rocky areas. The exception is humans, which have spread worldwide to every biome. Primates come in a variety of body plans but typically feature large brains, a shoulder girdle allowing a large degree of movement in the shoulder joint, dexterous hands, and tails, sometimes prehensile.[1] They range in size from Margot Marsh's mouse lemur, at 8 cm (3 in) plus a 11 cm (4 in) tail, to the eastern gorilla, at 196 cm (77 in), not including limbs. Primates are also the most intelligent animals and non-human primates are recorded to use tools, communicate with gestures and vocalizations, and have complex social systems.[2]
The order Primates consists of 502 extant species belonging to 81 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 81 genera can be grouped into 16 families; these families are divided between two named suborders and are grouped in those suborders into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named subfamilies.
Members of the Cercopithecidae family are called cercopithecids, or colloquially Old World monkeys, and include baboons, colobuses, guenons, lutungs, macaques, and other types of monkeys. Cercopithecidae comprises 158 extant species, divided into 23 genera. These genera are grouped into two subfamilies: Cercopithecinae, or cercopithecine monkeys, containing baboon, guenon, macaque, and other monkey species; and Colobinae, or leaf-eating monkeys, containing colobus, lutung, and other monkey species.
Size range: 49 cm (19 in) long, plus 43 cm (17 in) tail (Blue Nile patas monkey) to 70 cm (28 in) long, plus 70 cm (28 in) tail (Common patas monkey)[14]
Habitats: Grassland, forest, shrubland, and savanna[15]
Diets: Fruit, insects, gum, and arthropods, as well as flowers, fruit, seeds, leaves, stems, roots, small vertebrates, and bird eggs[14]
Southern China, Central China, Northern Vietnam, and Northern Myanmar
Size range: 51 cm (20 in) long, plus 66 cm (26 in) tail (Tonkin snub-nosed monkey) to 83 cm (33 in) long, plus 72 cm (28 in) tail (Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey)[40]
Size range: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail (multiple)[46]
Habitats: Inland wetlands, rocky areas, forests, forest, and caves[47]
Diets: Leaves, flowers, fruit, shoots, seeds, and twigs, as well as bark and insects[46]
Superfamily Hominoideaedit
Family Hominidaeedit
Members of the Hominidae family are hominids, or colloquially great apes, and include gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, and humans. Hominoidae comprises eight extant species, divided into four genera. These genera are grouped into two subfamilies: Homininae, or African hominids, containing gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans; and Ponginae, or Asian hominids, containing orangutans.
Diets: Fruit, leaves, stems, buds, bark, pith, seeds, and resins, as well as leaves, insects, shoots, small vertebrates, truffles, fungus, honey, and eggs[51]
Central and northern South America and Central America
Size range: 24 cm (9 in) long, plus 31 cm (12 in) tail (Azara's night monkey) to 47 cm (19 in) long plus 42 cm (17 in) tail (Three-striped night monkey)[60]
Diets: Fruit, nectar, leaves, flowers, buds, and insects, as well as small vertebrates and eggs[60]
Family Atelidaeedit
Members of the Atelidae family are atelids, or colloquially night monkeys, and include howler, spider, woolly, and woolly spider monkeys. Aotidae comprises 24 extant species in 4 genera. It is divided into the subfamilies Alouattinae, or howler monkeys, and Atelinae, or spider and woolly monkeys.
Size range: 44 cm (17 in) long, plus 60 cm (24 in) tail (Yellow-tailed woolly monkey) to 69 cm (27 in) long plus 72 cm (28 in) tail (Common woolly monkey)[66]
Size range: 12 cm (5 in) long, plus 17 cm (7 in) tail (Western pygmy marmoset) to 30 cm (12 in) long plus 41 cm (16 in) tail (Eastern pygmy marmoset)[72]
Diets: Spiders, snails, insects, small lizards, eggs, small birds, fruit, flowers, gum, nectar, and vegetables, as well as snakes and other small vertebrates[75]
Diets: Fruit, sap, nectar, gum, seeds, flowers, invertebrates, small vertebrates, eggs, and soil[78]
Family Cebidaeedit
Members of the Cebidae family are cebids, and include capuchin and squirrel monkeys. Cebidae comprises eighteen extant species in three genera, and is divided into the subfamilies Cebinae, or capuchin monkeys, and Saimiriinae, or squirrel monkeys.
Northern and central South America and southern Central America
Size range: 22 cm (9 in) long, plus 37 cm (15 in) tail (Central American squirrel monkey) to 36 cm (14 in) long plus 43 cm (17 in) tail (Bare-eared squirrel monkey)[82]
Diets: Fruit, berries, seeds, nuts, gum, nectar, leaves, buds, flowers, insects, arachnids, bird eggs, and small vertebrates[82]
Family Pitheciidaeedit
Members of the Pitheciidae family are pitheciids, and include titis, saki monkeys and uakaris. Pitheciidae comprises 55 extant species in 5 genera, and is divided into the subfamilies Callicebinae, or titis, and Pitheciinae, or saki monkeys and uakaris.
Size range: 32 cm (13 in) long, plus 37 cm (15 in) tail (Black bearded saki) to 52 cm (20 in) long plus 51 cm (20 in) tail (Reddish-brown bearded saki)[88]
Size range: 23 cm (9 in) long, plus 31 cm (12 in) tail (Coquerel's giant mouse lemur) to 27 cm (11 in) long plus 32 cm (13 in) tail (Coquerel's giant mouse lemur)[101]
Members of the Indriidae family are indriids, and include woolly lemurs, sifakas, and indri. Indriidae comprises nineteen extant species in three genera.
Size range: 25 cm (10 in) long, plus 28 cm (11 in) tail (Betsileo woolly lemur) to 37 cm (15 in) long plus 35 cm (14 in) tail (Bemaraha woolly lemur)[105]
Size range: 24 cm (9 in) long, plus 32 cm (13 in) tail (Southern lesser bamboo lemur) to 34 cm (13 in) long plus 41 cm (16 in) tail (Golden bamboo lemur)[110]
Size range: 45 cm (18 in) long, plus 60 cm (24 in) tail (Black-and-white ruffed lemur) to 50 cm (20 in) long plus 60 cm (24 in) tail (Red ruffed lemur)[115]
Size range: 23 cm (9 in) long, plus 26 cm (10 in) tail (Gray-backed sportive lemur) to 41 cm (16 in) long plus 27 cm (11 in) tail (Hawks' sportive lemur)[117]
Size range: 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 15 cm (6 in) tail (Prince Demidoff's bushbaby) to 18 cm (7 in) long plus 21 cm (8 in) tail (Angolan dwarf galago)[121]
Size range: 23 cm (9 in) long, plus 36 cm (14 in) tail (Northern greater galago) to 38 cm (15 in) long plus 48 cm (19 in) tail (Brown greater galago)[123]
Diets: Arthropods, insects, fruit, and gum, as well as small mammals[127]
Family Lorisidaeedit
Members of the Lorisidae family are lorisids, and include lorises, pottos and angwantibos. Lorisidae comprises sixteen extant species in five genera, and is divided into the subfamilies Lorisinae, or lorises, and Perodicticinae, or the angwantibos and pottos.
^Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Allenopithecus nigroviridis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T865A166606573. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T865A166606573.en.
L'Hoest's monkey: Ferguson, Bess (2011). "Cercopithecus lhoesti". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
L'Hoest's monkey: Ukizintambara, T.; et al. (2019). "Allochrocebus lhoesti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4220A92345122. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4220A92345122.en.
Preuss's monkey: Cronin, D. T.; et al. (2019) [errata version of 2019 assessment]. "Allochrocebus preussi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4227A161178708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T4227A161178708.en.
Sun-tailed monkey: Abernethy, K.; et al. (2019) [errata version of 2019 assessment]. "Allochrocebus solatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4230A154209091. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T4230A154209091.en.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Cercocebus agilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136615A167735266. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T136615A167735266.en.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2019) [errata version of 2019 assessment]. "Cercocebus torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4201A154210757. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T4201A154210757.en.
Golden-bellied mangabey:
Patterson, Haley (2017). "Cercocebus chrysogaster". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Hart, J. A.; et al. (2020). "Cercocebus chrysogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4207A17956177. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4207A17956177.en.
McCabe, G; et al. (2019). "Cercocebus sanjei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4203A17955753. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4203A17955753.en.
Koné, I.; et al. (2020). "Cercocebus atys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136933A92248451. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136933A92248451.en.
Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Cercocebus galeritus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4200A17956330. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4200A17956330.en.
Dempsey, A.; et al. (2020). "Cercocebus lunulatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4206A92247733. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4206A92247733.en.
Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2019) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Cercopithecus mitis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4221A196007901. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4221A196007901.en.
Leinberger, Kaitlynn (2022). "Cercopithecus campbelli". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Matsuda Goodwin, R.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus campbelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136930A92374066. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136930A92374066.en.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Cercopithecus pogonias". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92411527A197301301. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T92411527A197301301.en.
Mwenja, I.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus neglectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4223A17947167. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4223A17947167.en.
Detwiler, K. M.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus denti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136885A92413658. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136885A92413658.en.
Koné, I.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus diana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4245A92384250. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4245A92384250.en.
Cronin, D. T.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2022 assessment]. "Cercopithecus nictitans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4224A222904443. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T4224A222904443.en.
Neinast, Alexandra (2012). "Cercopithecus nictitans". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 26, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
Hart, J.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Cercopithecus hamlyni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4219A166615690. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T4219A166615690.en.
Matsuda Goodwin, R.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus petaurista". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4225A17945536. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4225A17945536.en.
Detwiler, K. M.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus lomamiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92401376A92401776. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T92401376A92401776.en.
Antosh, Bonnie (2013). "Cercopithecus lomamiensis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
Wiafe, E.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus lowei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136931A92373680. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136931A92373680.en.
Matsuda Goodwin, R.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus mona". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4222A17946672. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4222A17946672.en.
Abernethy, K.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Cercopithecus cephus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4214A166614362. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T4214A166614362.en.
Hofner, A.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus erythrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4218A17946043. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4218A17946043.en.
de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus ascanius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4212A17947340. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4212A17947340.en.
Koné, I.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus roloway". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4232A92384429. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T4232A92384429.en.
Baker, L.; et al. (2019). "Cercopithecus sclateri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T4229A17945814. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T4229A17945814.en.
Matsuda Goodwin, R.; et al. (2020). "Cercopithecus erythrogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T4217A17946182. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4217A17946182.en.
Hart, J. A.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Cercopithecus wolfi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92466239A166601223. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T92466239A166601223.en.
Hart, J. A.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cercopithecus dryas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T4216A210337242. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T4216A210337242.en.
Grivet: Rochester, Melissa Jill (2023). "Chlorocebus aethiops". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on April 1, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
Bale Mountains vervet: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2022). "Chlorocebus djamdjamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T4240A205910680. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T4240A205910680.en.
Dryas monkey: Hart, J. A.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cercopithecus dryas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T4216A210337242. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T4216A210337242.en.
Green monkey: Gonedelé Bi, S.; et al. (2020). "Chlorocebus sabaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136265A17958099. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136265A17958099.en.
Grivet: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2022). "Chlorocebus aethiops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T4233A214886892. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T4233A214886892.en.
Malbrouck: Wallis, J. (2019). "Chlorocebus cynosuros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136291A17957592. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136291A17957592.en.
Tantalus monkey: Wallis, J. (2020). "Chlorocebus tantalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136208A17958272. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136208A17958272.en.
Vervet monkey: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2022). "Chlorocebus pygerythrus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T136271A205998680. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T136271A205998680.en.
Blue Nile patas monkey, Southern patas monkey: Kingdon 2014, pp. 259, 264
Common patas monkey: Bonadio, Christopher (2000). "Erythrocebus patas". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Blue Nile patas monkey: Gippoliti, S.; et al. (2020). "Erythrocebus poliophaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T164377509A164377626. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T164377509A164377626.en.
Common patas monkey: De Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Erythrocebus patas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T174391079A217739569. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T174391079A217739569.en.
Southern patas monkey: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2020). "Erythrocebus baumstarki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92252436A92252442. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T92252436A92252442.en.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Lophocebus aterrimus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12310A166607638. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T12310A166607638.en.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Lophocebus albigena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12309A166607033. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T12309A166607033.en.
Barbary macaque: Jinn, Judy (2011). "Macaca sylvanus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Celebes crested macaque: Bichell, Rae Ellen (2011). "Macaca nigra". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Crab-eating macaque:
Hansen, M. F.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2022 assessment]. "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T12551A221666136. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T12551A221666136.en.
Formosan rock macaque: Chiu, Crystal (2001). "Macaca cyclopis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Lion-tailed macaque: Strawder, Nicole (2001). "Macaca silenus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Boonratana, R.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Macaca leonina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39792A217754289. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39792A217754289.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Macaca mulatta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12554A17950825. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12554A17950825.en.
Traeholt, C.; et al. (2020). "Macaca siberu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39795A17949710. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39795A17949710.en.
Southern pig-tailed macaque: Ayers, Kayla; et al. (2009). "Macaca nemestrina". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on April 15, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
Stump-tailed macaque: Erfurth, Charlotte (2008). "Macaca arctoides". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Yongcheng, L.; et al. (2020). "Macaca thibetana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12562A17948236. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12562A17948236.en.
Toque macaque: Dittus, W.; et al. (2020). "Macaca sinica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12560A17951229. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12560A17951229.en.
Arunachal macaque: Kumar, A.; et al. (2020). "Macaca munzala". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136569A17948833. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136569A17948833.en.
Assam macaque: Boonratana, R.; et al. (2020). "Macaca assamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12549A17950189. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12549A17950189.en.
Barbary macaque: Wallis, J.; et al. (2020). "Macaca sylvanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12561A50043570. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12561A50043570.en.
Bonnet macaque: Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Macaca radiata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12558A17951596. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12558A17951596.en.
Booted macaque: Riley, E.; et al. (2021). "Macaca ochreata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39793A17985872. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39793A17985872.en.
Celebes crested macaque: Lee, R.; et al. (2020). "Macaca nigra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12556A17950422. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12556A17950422.en.
Crab-eating macaque: Bonadio, Christopher (2000). "Macaca fascicularis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Formosan rock macaque: Wu, H.; et al. (2020). "Macaca cyclopis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12550A17949875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12550A17949875.en.
Gorontalo macaque: Lee, R.; et al. (2020). "Macaca nigrescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12568A17948400. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12568A17948400.en.
Heck's macaque: Lee, R.; et al. (2020). "Macaca hecki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12570A17948969. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12570A17948969.en.
Japanese macaque: Watanabe, K.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Macaca fuscata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12552A195347803. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12552A195347803.en.
Lion-tailed macaque: Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Macaca silenus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12559A17951402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12559A17951402.en.
Moor macaque: Riley, E.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Macaca maura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12553A197831931. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12553A197831931.en.
Muna-Buton macaque: Lee, R.; et al. (2021). "Macaca brunnescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T12569A17985924. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T12569A17985924.en.
Northern pig-tailed macaque: Boonratana, R.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Macaca leonina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39792A217754289. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39792A217754289.en.
Pagai Island macaque: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2020). "Macaca pagensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39794A17949995. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39794A17949995.en.
Rhesus macaque: Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Macaca mulatta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12554A17950825. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12554A17950825.en.
Siberut macaque: Traeholt, C.; et al. (2020). "Macaca siberu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39795A17949710. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39795A17949710.en.
Southern pig-tailed macaque: Ruppert, N.; et al. (2022). "Macaca nemestrina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T12555A215350982. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T12555A215350982.en.
Stump-tailed macaque: Chetry, D.; et al. (2020). "Macaca arctoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12548A185202632. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12548A185202632.en.
Tibetan macaque: Yongcheng, L.; et al. (2020). "Macaca thibetana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12562A17948236. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12562A17948236.en.
Tonkean macaque: Riley, E.; et al. (2020). "Macaca tonkeana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12563A17947990. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12563A17947990.en.
White-cheeked macaque: Fan, P. F.; et al. (2022). "Macaca leucogenys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T205889816A205890248. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T205889816A205890248.en.
Gadsby, E. L.; et al. (2020). "Mandrillus leucophaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12753A17952490. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12753A17952490.en.
Abernethy, K.; et al. (2019). "Mandrillus sphinx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T12754A17952325. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T12754A17952325.en.
Frederick, Bridget (2002). "Miopithecus talapoin". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Maisels, F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Miopithecus talapoin". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13572A166605916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T13572A166605916.en.
Maisels, F. (2019). "Miopithecus ogouensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41570A17953573. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41570A17953573.en.
Chacma baboon: Shefferly, Nancy (2004). "Papio ursinus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 13, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Guinea baboon: Shefferly, Nancy (2004). "Papio papio". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on February 10, 2019. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Hamadryas baboon: Shefferly, Nancy (2004). "Papio hamadryas". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on April 1, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Wallis, J.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Papio kindae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136848A190319676. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136848A190319676.en.
Yellow baboon: Shefferly, Nancy (2004). "Papio cynocephalus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Chacma baboon: Sithaldeen, R. (2019) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Papio ursinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T16022A168568698. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T16022A168568698.en.
Guinea baboon: Wallis, J.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Papio papio". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T16018A190269269. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T16018A190269269.en.
Hamadryas baboon: Gippoliti, S. (2019). "Papio hamadryas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T16019A17953082. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T16019A17953082.en.
Kinda baboon: Wallis, J.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Papio kindae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136848A190319676. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136848A190319676.en.
Olive baboon: Wallis, J. (2020). "Papio anubis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T40647A17953200. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T40647A17953200.en.
Yellow baboon: Wallis, J. (2020). "Papio cynocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92250442A92251260. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T92250442A92251260.en.
^Davenport, T. (2019). "Rungwecebus kipunji". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136791A17961368. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136791A17961368.en.
^ abGippoliti, S.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Theropithecus gelada". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T21744A217754712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T21744A217754712.en.
Angola colobus: Thompson, Brandon (2002). "Colobus angolensis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Black colobus: Lane, Whitney (2011). "Colobus satanas". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
King colobus: Landes, Devon (2000). "Colobus polykomos". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Mantled guereza: Kim, Kenneth (2002). "Colobus guereza". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Angola colobus: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2020). "Colobus angolensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T5142A17945007. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T5142A17945007.en.
Black colobus: Maisels, F.; et al. (2020). "Colobus satanas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T5145A17944405. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T5145A17944405.en.
King colobus: Gonedelé Bi, S.; et al. (2020). "Colobus polykomos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T5144A17944855. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T5144A17944855.en.
Mantled guereza: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Colobus guereza". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T5143A17944705. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T5143A17944705.en.
Ursine colobus: Matsuda Goodwin, R.; et al. (2020). "Colobus vellerosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T5146A169472127. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T5146A169472127.en.
^Boonratana, R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Nasalis larvatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T14352A195372486. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T14352A195372486.en.
Bouvier's red colobus, Foa's red colobus, Lomami red colobus, Lang's red colobus, Niger Delta red colobus, Oustalet's red colobus, Preuss's red colobus, Semliki red colobus, Udzungwa red colobus, Ugandan red colobus: Kingdon 2015, p. 103
Pennant's colobus: Gilbert, Kasi (2011). "Piliocolobus pennantii". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Tana River red colobus: Jones, Jeremy (2002). "Piliocolobus rufomitratus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Detwiler, K. M.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus tholloni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18257A166598109. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18257A166598109.en.
Western red colobus:
McGraw, S.; et al. (2020). "Piliocolobus badius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T161247840A161259430. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T161247840A161259430.en.
Bouvier's red colobus: Maisels, F.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Piliocolobus bouvieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T18250A210339606. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T18250A210339606.en.
Foa's red colobus: Hart, J.; et al. (2020). "Piliocolobus foai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18252A92659769. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18252A92659769.en.
Lomami red colobus: Hart, J. A.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus parmentieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T40648A166604269. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T40648A166604269.en.
Lang's red colobus: Hart, J.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus langi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18261A166605018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18261A166605018.en.
Miss Waldron's red colobus: Oates, J. F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus waldroni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18248A166620835. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18248A166620835.en.
Niger Delta red colobus: Ikemeh, R.; et al. (2019). "Piliocolobus epieni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41024A92656391. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41024A92656391.en.
Oustalet's red colobus: Hart, J.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus oustaleti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18255A166598553. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18255A166598553.en.
Pennant's colobus: Cronin, D. T. (2019). "Piliocolobus pennantii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41025A92653653. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41025A92653653.en.
Preuss's red colobus: Linder, J.; et al. (2019). "Piliocolobus preussi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41026A92633245. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T41026A92633245.en.
Semliki red colobus: Maisels, F.; et al. (2020). "Piliocolobus semlikiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T92657343A92657454. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T92657343A92657454.en.
Tana River red colobus: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus rufomitratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136939A166599765. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T136939A166599765.en.
Thollon's red colobus: Detwiler, K. M.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Piliocolobus tholloni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18257A166598109. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18257A166598109.en.
Udzungwa red colobus: Rovero, F.; et al. (2019). "Piliocolobus gordonorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T40015A92629595. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T40015A92629595.en.
Ugandan red colobus: Struhsaker, T. T.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Piliocolobus tephrosceles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18256A171760021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18256A171760021.en.
Western red colobus: Vasselin, Kathleen (2011). "Piliocolobus badius". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Zanzibar red colobus: Davenport, T. (2019) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Piliocolobus kirkii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39992A168568335. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39992A168568335.en.
Traeholt, C.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis sumatranus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136912A17986913. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136912A17986913.en.
Black-and-white langur, East Sumatran banded langur, Siberut langur, Mentawai langur, Miller's langur, Mitered langur, Natuna Island surili, Raffles' banded langur, Robinson's banded langur, Sabah grizzled langur, Sarawak surili, White-fronted surili, White-thighed surili: Nowak 1999a, pp. 599–600
Nijman, V.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Presbytis hosei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T175648870A195370322. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T175648870A195370322.en.
Nijman, V.; et al. (2022). "Presbytis comata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210369485A210370097. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210369485A210370097.en.
Cheyne, S.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis rubicunda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18131A17953935. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18131A17953935.en.
Thomas's langur: Matthews, Mika (2004). "Presbytis thomasi". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Black Sumatran langur: Traeholt, C.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis sumatranus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136912A17986913. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136912A17986913.en.
Black-and-white langur: Nijman, V. (2021). "Presbytis bicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39812A206547286. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T39812A206547286.en.
Black-crested Sumatran langur: Nijman, V.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis melalophos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39811A17954271. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39811A17954271.en.
East Sumatran banded langur: Rizaldi, Ang; et al. (2021). "Presbytis percura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39805A205841390. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T39805A205841390.en.
Hose's langur: Nijman, V.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Presbytis hosei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T175648870A195370322. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T175648870A195370322.en.
Javan surili: Nijman, V.; et al. (2022). "Presbytis comata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210369485A210370097. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210369485A210370097.en.
Maroon leaf monkey: Cheyne, S.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis rubicunda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18131A17953935. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18131A17953935.en.
Siberut langur: Quinten, M; et al. (2020). "Presbytis siberu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39816A17986963. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39816A17986963.en.
Mentawai langur: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis potenziani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39815A17954456. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39815A17954456.en.
Miller's langur: Cheyne, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Presbytis canicrus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39808A200247353. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T39808A200247353.en.
Mitered langur: Nijman, V.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis mitrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39813A17986718. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39813A17986718.en.
Natuna Island surili: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis natunae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136500A17955492. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136500A17955492.en.
Raffles' banded langur: Ang, A.; et al. (2022). "Presbytis femoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39801A215090780. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39801A215090780.en.
Robinson's banded langur: Ang, A.; et al. (2021). "Presbytis robinsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39806A205875703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T39806A205875703.en.
Sabah grizzled langur: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis sabana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39810A17987041. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39810A17987041.en.
Sarawak surili: Nijman, V.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis chrysomelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39803A17955321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39803A17955321.en.
Thomas's langur: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis thomasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18132A17954139. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18132A17954139.en.
White-fronted surili: Cheyne, S.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis frontata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18127A17954836. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18127A17954836.en.
White-thighed surili: Ang, A.; et al. (2020). "Presbytis siamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18134A17953755. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18134A17953755.en.
^Oates, J. F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Procolobus verus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18245A166610679. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T18245A166610679.en.
Duc, H.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Pygathrix nigripes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39828A196138291. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39828A196138291.en.
Long, H. T.; et al. (2020). "Pygathrix cinerea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39827A17941672. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39827A17941672.en.
Coudrat, C. N. Z.; et al. (2020). "Pygathrix nemaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39826A17941247. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39826A17941247.en.
Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey: Deng, Xin (2020). "Rhinopithecus bieti". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Golden snub-nosed monkey: Munoz, Peter (2023). "Rhinopithecus roxellana". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Gray snub-nosed monkey: "Grey snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus brelichi)". ARKive. Wildscreen. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2013.
Myanmar snub-nosed monkey:
Geissmann, T.; et al. (2011). "A new species of snub-nosed monkey, genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobinae), from northern Kachin state, northeastern Myanmar". American Journal of Primatology. 73 (1): 96–107. doi:10.1002/ajp.20894. PMID 20981682. S2CID 467234. Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
Yang, Y.; et al. (2019). "First insights into the feeding habits of the Critically Endangered black snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus strykeri (Colobinae, Primates)". Primates. 60 (2): 143–153. doi:10.1007/s10329-019-00717-0. PMID 30847671. S2CID 71145324.
Tonkin snub-nosed monkey: Cherka, Rachel (2014). "Rhinopithecus avunculus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey: Long, Y.; et al. (2020). "Rhinopithecus bieti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19597A17943738. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T19597A17943738.en.
Golden snub-nosed monkey: Yongcheng, L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Rhinopithecus roxellana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19596A196491153. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19596A196491153.en.
Gray snub-nosed monkey: Long, Y.; et al. (2022). "Rhinopithecus brelichi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T19595A215621115. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T19595A215621115.en.
Myanmar snub-nosed monkey: Geissmann, T.; et al. (2020). "Rhinopithecus strykeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13508501A17943490. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13508501A17943490.en.
Tonkin snub-nosed monkey: Quyet, L. K.; et al. (2020). "Rhinopithecus avunculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19594A17944213. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T19594A17944213.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus hypoleucos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T167543916A17942313. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T167543916A17942313.en.
Kumar, A.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus ajax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39833A17943210. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39833A17943210.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus schistaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39840A17942792. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39840A17942792.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus johnii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T44694A17958623. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T44694A17958623.en.
Kumara, H. N.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus entellus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39832A17942050. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39832A17942050.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus hector". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39837A17942651. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39837A17942651.en.
Singh, M.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus priam". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T167546892A17942964. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T167546892A17942964.en.
Rudran, R.; et al. (2020). "Semnopithecus vetulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22042A17959452. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22042A17959452.en.
^Quinten, M; et al. (2020). "Simias concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T20229A17953422. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T20229A17953422.en.
Das, J.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Trachypithecus pileatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22041A196580469. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22041A196580469.en.
Dusky leaf monkey: Viswanathan, Lata (2002). "Trachypithecus obscurus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 9, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
East Javan langur: Cannon, William; et al. (2009). "Trachypithecus auratus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Gee's golden langur: Raval, Shivani (2004). "Trachypithecus geei". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on April 7, 2019. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Duc, H.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Trachypithecus germaini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39874A217754957. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39874A217754957.en.
Quyet, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Trachypithecus hatinhensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40789A196139355. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40789A196139355.en.
Silvery lutung: Bedore, Christine (2005). "Trachypithecus cristatus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
Annamese langur: Hoang Minh Duc, Nadler; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Trachypithecus margarita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39875A210372003. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39875A210372003.en.
Capped langur: Das, J.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Trachypithecus pileatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22041A196580469. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22041A196580469.en.
Cat Ba langur: Rawson, B. M.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus poliocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39871A17959804. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39871A17959804.en.
Delacour's langur: Nadler, T.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus delacouri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22043A17958988. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22043A17958988.en.
Dusky leaf monkey: Boonratana, R.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus obscurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22039A17960562. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22039A17960562.en.
East Javan langur: Nijman, V. (2021). "Trachypithecus auratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39848A17988500. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39848A17988500.en.
François' langur: Nadler, T.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus francoisi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39853A17958817. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T39853A17958817.en.
Gee's golden langur: Das, J.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus geei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22037A17960997. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22037A17960997.en.
Germain's langur: Duc, H.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Trachypithecus germaini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39874A217754957. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39874A217754957.en.
Hatinh langur, Indochinese black langur: Quyet, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Trachypithecus hatinhensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40789A196139355. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40789A196139355.en.
Indochinese grey langur: Yongcheng, L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Trachypithecus crepusculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136920A204397334. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T136920A204397334.en.
Laotian langur: Coudrat, C. N. Z.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus laotum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22044A17959133. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22044A17959133.en.
Phayre's leaf monkey: Chetry, D.; et al. (2021). "Trachypithecus phayrei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T175862145A175862149. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T175862145A175862149.en.
Popa langur: Matauschek, C.; et al. (2022). "Trachypithecus popa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T196344474A196344962. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T196344474A196344962.en.
Shortridge's langur: Long, Y.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus shortridgei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39869A17961202. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39869A17961202.en.
Selangor silvered langur: Ang, A.; et al. (2021). "Trachypithecus selangorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T205911038A205911065. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T205911038A205911065.en.
Silvery lutung: Meijaard, E.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus cristatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22035A17959977. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22035A17959977.en.
Tenasserim lutung: Nadler, T. (2021). "Trachypithecus barbei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41554A17960144. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41554A17960144.en.
West Javan langur: Setiawan, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Trachypithecus mauritius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39849A196325582. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39849A196325582.en.
White-headed langur: Bleisch, B.; et al. (2020). "Trachypithecus leucocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39872A17988378. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39872A17988378.en.
Lindsley, Tracy; et al. (2001). "Gorilla beringei". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
Eastern gorilla: Plumptre, A.; et al. (2019). "Gorilla beringei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39994A115576640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T39994A115576640.en.
Western gorilla: Maisels, F.; et al. (2018) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Gorilla gorilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T9404A136250858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T9404A136250858.en.
^Roser, M.; et al. (2019). "Human Height". Our World in Data. Global Change Data Lab. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Fruth, B.; et al. (2016) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Pan paniscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15932A102331567. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15932A17964305.en.
Bonobo: Fruth, B.; et al. (2016) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Pan paniscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15932A102331567. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15932A17964305.en.
Chimpanzee: Humle, T.; et al. (2016) [errata version of 2018 assessment]. "Pan troglodytes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15933A129038584. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15933A17964454.en. hdl:1893/26837.
Nowak, M. G.; et al. (2017). "Pongo tapanuliensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T120588639A120588662. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T120588639A120588662.en.
Bornean orangutan: Ancrenaz, M.; et al. (2016) [errata version of 2018 assessment]. "Pongo pygmaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T17975A123809220. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T17975A17966347.en.
Sumatran orangutan: Singleton, I.; et al. (2017) [errata version of 2018 assessment]. "Pongo abelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T121097935A123797627. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T121097935A115575085.en.
Tapanuli orangutan: Nater, A.; et al. (2017). "Morphometric, behavioral, and genomic evidence for a new orangutan species". Current Biology. 27 (22): 3487–3498. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.047. hdl:10230/34400. PMID 29103940.
Lussier, Zachary (September 2022). "Eastern Hoolock Gibbon, Hoolock leuconedys". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 30, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
Brockelman, W; et al. (2019). "Hoolock leuconedys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T118355453A17968300. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T118355453A17968300.en.
Fan, P. F.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Hoolock tianxing". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T118355648A166597159. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T118355648A166597159.en.
Brockelman, W; et al. (2019). "Hoolock hoolock". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39876A17968083. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39876A17968083.en.
Geissmann, T.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates agilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10543A17967655. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10543A17967655.en.
Marshall, A. J.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates albibarbis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39879A17967053. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39879A17967053.en.
Nijman, V.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates funereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39890A17990856. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39890A17990856.en.
Liswanto, D.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates klossii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10547A17967475. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10547A17967475.en.
Brockelman, W; et al. (2020). "Hylobates lar". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10548A17967253. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10548A17967253.en.
Marshall, A. J.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates muelleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39888A17990934. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39888A17990934.en.
Brockelman, W; et al. (2020). "Hylobates pileatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10552A17966665. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10552A17966665.en.
Nijman, V. (2020). "Hylobates moloch". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10550A17966495. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10550A17966495.en.
Cheyne, S. M.; et al. (2020). "Hylobates abbotti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39889A17990882. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39889A17990882.en.
Pengfei, F.; et al. (2020). "Nomascus concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39775A17968556. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39775A17968556.en.
Eastern black crested gibbon:
DiCesare, Maria (August 2022). "Cao-Vit Gibbon, Nomascus nasutus". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Rawson, B. M.; et al. (2020). "Nomascus nasutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41642A17969578. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41642A17969578.en.
Hainan black crested gibbon:
DiCesare, Maria (August 2022). "Cao-Vit Gibbon, Nomascus nasutus". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Geissmann, T.; et al. (2020). "Nomascus hainanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41643A17969392. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41643A17969392.en.
Northern buffed-cheeked gibbon:
DiCesare, Maria (August 2022). "Cao-Vit Gibbon, Nomascus nasutus". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Thinh Van Ngoc, Roos; et al. (2020). "Nomascus annamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T120659170A120659179. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T120659170A120659179.en.
Rawson, B. M.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Nomascus leucogenys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39895A180816530. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39895A180816530.en.
Southern white-cheeked gibbon:
Lussier, Zachary (July 2022). "Southern White-Cheeked Gibbon, Nomascus siki". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Nguyen, M. H.; et al. (2020). "Nomascus siki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39896A17968765. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39896A17968765.en.
Yellow-cheeked gibbon:
Lussier, Zachary (August 2023). "Southern Yellow-Cheeked Gibbon, Nomascus gabriellae". New England Primate Conservancy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
Rawson, B. M.; et al. (2020). "Nomascus gabriellae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T128073282A17968950. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T128073282A17968950.en.
^ abNijman, V.; et al. (2020). "Symphalangus syndactylus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39779A17967873. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39779A17967873.en.
Rímoli, J.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Aotus azarae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41539A190450485. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41539A190450485.en.
Black-headed night monkey:
Covert, Tara (April 2021). "Black-Headed Night Monkey, Aotus nigriceps". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Shanee, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Aotus nigriceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41542A190455194. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41542A190455194.en.
Carretero, X.; et al. (2020). "Aotus brumbacki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39915A17923405. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39915A17923405.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021). "Aotus lemurinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T1808A17922601. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T1808A17922601.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Aotus griseimembra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T1807A190452803. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T1807A190452803.en.
Defler, T. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Aotus jorgehernandezi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136211A190453268. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136211A190453268.en.
Nancy Ma's night monkey:
Bahr, Laura Lee (September 2021). "Nancy Ma's Night Monkey, Aotus nancymaae". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Maldonado, A.; et al. (2020). "Aotus nancymaae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41540A115578713. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T41540A115578713.en.
Covert, Tara (May 2021). "Panamanian Night Monkey, Aotus zonalis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Méndez-Carvajal, P. G.; et al. (2021). "Aotus zonalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39953A17922442. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39953A17922442.en.
Shanee, S.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Aotus miconax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T1802A164046186. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T1802A164046186.en.
Spix's night monkey:
Quinlan, K. Clare (March 2020). "Spix's Night Monkey, Aotus vociferans". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Guzmán-Caro, D. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Aotus vociferans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41544A191682904. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41544A191682904.en.
Urbani, B.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Aotus trivirgatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41543A191681999. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41543A191681999.en.
Riley, Amanda E. (September 2023). "Amazon Black Howler, Alouatta nigerrima". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Alouatta nigerrima". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136332A190424175. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136332A190424175.en.
Bicca-Marques, J. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Alouatta caraya". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41545A190414715. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41545A190414715.en.
Bolivian red howler:
Botting, Jennifer (August 2021). "Bolivian Red Howler, Alouatta sara". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Cornejo, F. M.; et al. (2021). "Alouatta sara". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41546A17924752. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41546A17924752.en.
Jerusalinsky, L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Alouatta guariba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39916A190417874. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39916A190417874.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021). "Alouatta seniculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T198676562A198687134. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T198676562A198687134.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021). "Alouatta macconnelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T198622924A198669499. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T198622924A198669499.en.
Cortes-Ortíz, L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Alouatta palliata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39960A190425583. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39960A190425583.en.
Fialho, M. S.; et al. (2021). "Alouatta ululata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T918A190435652. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T918A190435652.en.
Valença-Montenegro, M. M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Alouatta belzebul". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39957A190412426. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39957A190412426.en.
Pinto, L. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Alouatta discolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T43912A190416507. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T43912A190416507.en.
Urbani, B.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Alouatta arctoidea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136486A190413988. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136486A190413988.en.
Cortes-Ortíz, L.; et al. (2020). "Alouatta pigra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T914A17926000. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T914A17926000.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Ateles belzebuth". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2276A191684587. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2276A191684587.en.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Ateles marginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2282A191689524. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2282A191689524.en.
Black-headed spider monkey: Moscoso, P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Ateles fusciceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T135446A191687087. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T135446A191687087.en.
Brown spider monkey: Link, A.; et al. (2020). "Ateles hybridus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39961A17929680. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39961A17929680.en.
Geoffroy's spider monkey: Cortes-Ortíz, L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Ateles geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2279A191688782. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2279A191688782.en.
Peruvian spider monkey: Alves, S. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Ateles chamek". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41547A191685783. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41547A191685783.en.
Red-faced spider monkey: Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Ateles paniscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2283A191691902. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2283A191691902.en.
White-bellied spider monkey: Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Ateles belzebuth". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2276A191684587. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2276A191684587.en.
White-cheeked spider monkey: Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Ateles marginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2282A191689524. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2282A191689524.en.
Northern muriqui: de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Brachyteles hypoxanthus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2994A191693399. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2994A191693399.en.
Southern muriqui: Talebi, M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Brachyteles arachnoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T2993A191692658. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T2993A191692658.en.
Botting, Jennifer (April 2020). "Peruvian Yellow-Tailed Wooly Monkey, Lagothrix flavicauda". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Shanee, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Lagothrix flavicauda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39924A192307818. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39924A192307818.en.
Common woolly monkey: Stevenson, P. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Lagothrix lagothricha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160881218A192309103. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160881218A192309103.en.
Yellow-tailed woolly monkey: Shanee, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Lagothrix flavicauda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39924A192307818. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39924A192307818.en.
^Palacios, E.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Callimico goeldii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3564A191700340. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3564A191700340.en.
Black-tufted marmoset: Valle, R. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Callithrix penicillata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41519A191705321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41519A191705321.en.
Buffy-headed marmoset: de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Callithrix flaviceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3571A191700879. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3571A191700879.en.
Buffy-tufted marmoset: de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Callithrix aurita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3570A191700629. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3570A191700629.en.
Common marmoset: Valença-Montenegro, M. M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Callithrix jacchus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41518A191705043. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41518A191705043.en.
White-headed marmoset: de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Callithrix geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3572A191701212. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3572A191701212.en.
Wied's marmoset: Neves, L. G.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Callithrix kuhlii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3575A191701453. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3575A191701453.en.
de la Torre, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebuella niveiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136865A191707236. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136865A191707236.en.
Eastern pygmy marmoset: de la Torre, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebuella niveiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136865A191707236. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136865A191707236.en.
Western pygmy marmoset: de la Torre, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cebuella pygmaea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136926A200203263. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T136926A200203263.en.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus leucogenys". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19826A17980550. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T19826A17980550.en.
Sampaio, R.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus cruzlimai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19829A17980514. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T19829A17980514.en.
Heymann, E. W. (2020). "Leontocebus nigrifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43953A17980422. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43953A17980422.en.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus illigeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43952A17980750. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43952A17980750.en.
Palacios, E.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T42693A17980668. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T42693A17980668.en.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus lagonotus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43950A17980627. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43950A17980627.en.
Weddell's saddle-back tamarin:
Lussier, Zachary (September 2021). "Weddel's Saddle-Back Tamarin, Leontocebus weddelli". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Leontocebus weddelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160939221A192315781. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160939221A192315781.en.
Black lion tamarin: Rezende, G.; et al. (2020). "Leontopithecus chrysopygus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11505A17935400. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11505A17935400.en.
Golden lion tamarin: Ruiz-Miranda, C. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Leontopithecus rosalia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T11506A192327291. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T11506A192327291.en.
Golden-headed lion tamarin: Oliveira, L. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Leontopithecus chrysomelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40643A192327573. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40643A192327573.en.
Superagüi lion tamarin: Ludwig, G.; et al. (2021). "Leontopithecus caissara". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T11503A206547044. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T11503A206547044.en.
Muniz, C.; et al. (2019). "Mico nigriceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39913A17934547. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39913A17934547.en.
Milagres, A. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Mico melanurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136294A192400781. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136294A192400781.en.
Emilia's marmoset:
Scott, Robyn (October 2023). "Emilia's Marmoset, Mico emiliae". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Canale, G. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Mico emiliae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T42691A192400402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T42691A192400402.en.
Röhe, F.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Mico chrysoleucos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39910A192399226. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39910A192399226.en.
Rylands, A. B.; et al. (2018). "Mico intermedius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T39911A17934268. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T39911A17934268.en.
Silva, F. E.; et al. (2021). "Mico marcai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39914A206547867. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T39914A206547867.en.
Maués marmoset: Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Mico mauesi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41583A192400226. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41583A192400226.en.
Costa-Araújo, R.; et al. (2020). "Mico munduruku". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T172269376A172269630. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T172269376A172269630.en.
Moura, E. F.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Mico acariensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41580A192400051. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41580A192400051.en.
Messias, M. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Mico rondoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136804A192401067. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136804A192401067.en.
Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Callibella humilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41584A191706209. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41584A191706209.en.
Buss, G.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Mico humeralifer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41521A192399834. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41521A192399834.en.
Satéré marmoset:
Régis, T.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Mico saterei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T42692A192400614. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T42692A192400614.en.
Costa-Araújo, R.; et al. (2022) [errata version of 2022 assessment]. "Mico schneideri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210363264A222945240. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210363264A222945240.en.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Mico argentatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41520A192399613. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41520A192399613.en.
White marmoset: Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021). "Mico leucippe". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39912A17934089. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39912A17934089.en.
Downey, Kathleen (April 2021). "Saddle-Back Tamarin, Leontocebus fuscicollis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Leontocebus fuscicollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160885500A192315580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160885500A192315580.en.
de la Torre, S.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus nigricollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39945A17932254. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T39945A17932254.en.
Mendes-Oliveira, A. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saguinus niger". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160901052A192553958. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160901052A192553958.en.
Rodríguez, V.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saguinus oedipus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19823A192551067. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19823A192551067.en.
Mendes-Oliveira, A. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saguinus ursulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70610874A192553791. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70610874A192553791.en.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Saguinus imperator". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39948A213569049. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39948A213569049.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Saguinus geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41522A192551955. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41522A192551955.en.
Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Saguinus midas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41525A192552538. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41525A192552538.en.
de la Torre, S.; et al. (2020). "Leontocebus tripartitus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T19824A17930113. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T19824A17930113.en.
de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Saguinus martinsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T42695A192552857. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T42695A192552857.en.
Palacios, E.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Saguinus inustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41523A192552160. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41523A192552160.en.
Moustached tamarin:
Abrams, Sylvie (August 2019). "Moustached Tamarin, Saguinus mystax". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Saguinus mystax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41526A192552706. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41526A192552706.en.
Gordo, M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Saguinus bicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40644A192551696. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40644A192551696.en.
Ravetta, A.; et al. (2020). "Saguinus mystax ssp. pileatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43957A17981034. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43957A17981034.en.
Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saguinus leucopus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19819A192550769. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19819A192550769.en.
Calouro, A. M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Saguinus labiatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41524A192552331. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41524A192552331.en.
Rylands, A. B.; et al. (2008). "Saguinus melanoleucus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T135429A4128407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T135429A4128407.en.
Fialho, M. S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebus kaapori". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40019A191704766. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40019A191704766.en.
Colombian white-faced capuchin: de la Torre, S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebus capucinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T81257277A191708164. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T81257277A191708164.en.
Kaapori capuchin: Fialho, M. S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebus kaapori". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40019A191704766. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40019A191704766.en.
Wedge-capped capuchin: Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebus olivaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T81384371A191708662. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T81384371A191708662.en.
Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin: Link, A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cebus albifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39951A191703935. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39951A191703935.en.
Ludwig, G.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Sapajus nigritus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T136717A210336199. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T136717A210336199.en.
Rímoli, J.; et al. (2022) [errata version of 2022 assessment]. "Sapajus cay". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T136366A222944655. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T136366A222944655.en.
Martins, A. B.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Sapajus libidinosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136346A192593226. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136346A192593226.en.
Blond capuchin: Valença-Montenegro, M. M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Sapajus flavius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136253A192592928. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136253A192592928.en.
Martins, W. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Sapajus robustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T42697A192592444. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T42697A192592444.en.
Canale, G. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Sapajus xanthosternos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T4074A192592138. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T4074A192592138.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Sapajus apella". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T172351505A192594550. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T172351505A192594550.en.
Alves, S. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Saimiri ustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41538A192584351. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41538A192584351.en.
Lynch, J. W.; et al. (2021). "Saimiri vanzolinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19839A17940474. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19839A17940474.en.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Saimiri boliviensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41536A192584127. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41536A192584127.en.
Solano-Rojas, D. (2021). "Saimiri oerstedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19836A17940807. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19836A17940807.en.
Collins' squirrel monkey: Silva Júnior, J. S.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saimiri collinsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70610928A192585417. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70610928A192585417.en.
Silva Júnior, J. S.; et al. "Saimiri sciureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T43968A192584742. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T43968A192584742.en. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
Humboldt's squirrel monkey:
Covert, Tara (July 2021). "Humboldt's Squirrel Monkey, Saimiri cassiquiarensis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Paim, F. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saimiri cassiquiarensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160940148A192585552. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160940148A192585552.en.
de Melo, F. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Callicebus personatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3555A191700126. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3555A191700126.en.
Printes, R. C.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Callicebus barbarabrownae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39929A191703041. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39929A191703041.en.
Jerusalinsky, L.; et al. (2020). "Callicebus nigrifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39943A17973667. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T39943A17973667.en.
Printes, R.; et al. (2020). "Callicebus melanochir". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39930A17975106. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T39930A17975106.en.
Jerusalinsky, L.; et al. (2020). "Callicebus coimbrai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39954A17972422. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T39954A17972422.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cheracebus lugens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T41563A217755480. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41563A217755480.en.
Fialho, M. S.; et al. (2022). "Cheracebus torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210891841A210892341. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210891841A210892341.en.
Palacios, E. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cheracebus medemi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T39944A217755677. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T39944A217755677.en.
Lucifer titi monkey:
Abrams, Sylvie (January 2022). "Lucifer Titi, Cheracebus lucifer". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Palacios, E.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cheracebus lucifer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T41564A217755333. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41564A217755333.en.
Valença-Montenegro, M. M. (2022) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Cheracebus regulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T41566A217755933. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41566A217755933.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021). "Plecturocebus cinerascens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41557A206548613. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T41557A206548613.en.
Boubli, J.; et al. (2018). "Plecturocebus baptista". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T41560A17974353. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T41560A17974353.en.
Vermeer, J.; et al. (2020). "Plecturocebus brunneus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41558A17974148. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T41558A17974148.en.
Caquetá titi monkey:
Quinan, K. Clare (January 2023). "Caquetá Titi, Plecturocebus caquetensis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Defler, T. R.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecturocebus caquetensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T14699281A192453101. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T14699281A192453101.en.
Boubli, J.; et al. (2018). "Plecturocebus caligatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T41552A17973006. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T41552A17973006.en.
Heymann, E. W.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus cupreus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T127530593A192453653. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T127530593A192453653.en.
Rohe, F.; et al. (2018). "Plecturocebus dubius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3549A17975232. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T3549A17975232.en.
Buss, G.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus hoffmannsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41559A166609789. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T41559A166609789.en.
Wallace, R. B.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus aureipalatii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136815A192452943. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136815A192452943.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021). "Plecturocebus miltoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T127530569A206549250. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T127530569A206549250.en.
Mollinedo, J. M.; et al. (2021). "Plecturocebus olallae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T3554A17975516. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3554A17975516.en.
Ornate titi monkey:
Cherian, Acima (May 2023). "Ornate Titi, Plecturocebus ornatus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Carretero, X.; et al. (2020). "Plecturocebus ornatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39928A17974735. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39928A17974735.en.
Rohe, F.; et al. (2018). "Plecturocebus bernhardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T41561A17973161. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T41561A17973161.en.
Ravetta, A. L.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecturocebus moloch". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41556A192452656. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41556A192452656.en.
Mollinedo, J. M.; et al. (2021). "Plecturocebus modestus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41550A17972778. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41550A17972778.en.
Vermeer, J.; et al. (2020). "Plecturocebus oenanthe". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T3553A17975319. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T3553A17975319.en.
Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus stephennashi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41555A192452547. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41555A192452547.en.
Vermeer, J. (2020). "Plecturocebus toppini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T127530624A127530628. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T127530624A127530628.en.
Vermeer, J. (2020). "Plecturocebus urubambensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T127530581A127530585. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T127530581A127530585.en.
Costa-Araújo, R.; et al. (2022) [errata version of 2022 assessment]. "Plecturocebus vieirai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T70330181A222944989. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T70330181A222944989.en.
Rumiz, D. I.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Plecturocebus pallescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41549A192452042. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41549A192452042.en.
White-eared titi monkey:
Downey, Kathleen (February 2019). "Bolivian Gray Titi, Plecturocebus donacophilus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Mollinedo, J. M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus donacophilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41548A192451894. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41548A192451894.en.
Abrams, Sylvie (September 2020). "White-Tailed Titi, Plecturocebus discolor". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Vermeer, J.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Plecturocebus discolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41553A192452388. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41553A192452388.en.
Cherian, Acima (December 2022). "Neblina Uakari, Cacajao hosomi". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cacajao hosomi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136640A191697668. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136640A191697668.en.
Aracá uakari: Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cacajao ayresi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136419A191694077. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136419A191694077.en.
Bald uakari: Aquino, R.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Cacajao calvus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T3416A210373615. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T3416A210373615.en.
Golden-backed uakari: Boubli, J. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cacajao melanocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T160875418A191697842. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T160875418A191697842.en.
Neblina uakari: Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Cacajao hosomi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T136640A191697668. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136640A191697668.en.
Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Chiropotes sagulatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70330167A191707709. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70330167A191707709.en.
Alonso, A. C.; et al. (2020). "Chiropotes utahickae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43892A17976648. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43892A17976648.en.
White-nosed saki:
Covert, Tara (December 2018). "White-Nosed Saki, Chiropotes albinasus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Black bearded saki: Port-Carvalho, M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Chiropotes satanas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39956A191704509. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39956A191704509.en.
Reddish-brown bearded saki: Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Chiropotes sagulatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70330167A191707709. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70330167A191707709.en.
Red-backed bearded saki: Boubli, J.; et al. (2018). "Chiropotes chiropotes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T43891A17976546. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T43891A17976546.en.
Uta Hick's bearded saki: Alonso, A. C.; et al. (2020). "Chiropotes utahickae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T43892A17976648. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T43892A17976648.en.
White-nosed saki: Pinto, L. P.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Chiropotes albinasus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T4685A191702783. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T4685A191702783.en.
Marsh, L. K. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Pithecia inusta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70609849A192447399. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70609849A192447399.en.
Marsh, L. K. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Pithecia cazuzai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70609874A192447536. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70609874A192447536.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2018). "Pithecia aequatorialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T17402A17971831. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T17402A17971831.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2018). "Pithecia chrysocephala". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T43943A17991938. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T43943A17991938.en.
Carretero, X. (2021). "Pithecia hirsuta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70606542A206548831. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T70606542A206548831.en.
Marsh, L. K. (2018). "Pithecia isabela". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T70609893A70609906. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T70609893A70609906.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Pithecia milleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T17407A192446875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T17407A192446875.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2018). "Pithecia monachus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T70609726A17971958. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T70609726A17971958.en.
Napo saki:
Quinlan, K. Clare (June 2020). "Napo Saki, Pithecia napensis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2018). "Pithecia napensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T39955A70609585. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T39955A70609585.en.
Rio Tapajós saki:
Botting, Jennifer (May 2020). "Gray's Bald-Faced Saki, Pithecia irrorata". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2019 assessment]. "Pithecia irrorata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70610758A192448119. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70610758A192448119.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2018). "Pithecia vanzolinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T43946A17991869. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T43946A17991869.en.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Pithecia pithecia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T43942A192447247. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T43942A192447247.en.
Covert, Tara (November 2019). "Buffy Saki, Pithecia albicans". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
Marsh, L. K.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Pithecia albicans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T41567A192447067. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41567A192447067.en.
^Downey, Kathleen (June 2017). "Horsfield's Tarsier, Cephalopachus bancanus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
^Shekelle, M.; et al. (2020). "Cephalopachus bancanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21488A17976989. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21488A17976989.en.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius dentatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21489A17977790. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21489A17977790.en.
Gursky's spectral tarsier:
Shekelle, M.; et al. (2017). "Two new tarsier species (Tarsiidae, Primates) and the biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia". Primate Conservation. 31: 61–69.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius spectrumgurskyae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162336422A162336580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162336422A162336580.en.
Jatna's tarsier:
Shekelle, M.; et al. (2017). "Two new tarsier species (Tarsiidae, Primates) and the biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia". Primate Conservation. 31: 61–69.
Shekelle, M. (2020) [errata version of 2022 assessment]. "Tarsius supriatnai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162336881A220971513. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162336881A220971513.en.
Shekelle, M; et al. (2020). "Tarsius lariang". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136319A17978130. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T136319A17978130.en.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162369593A162369616. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162369593A162369616.en.
Niemitz's tarsier:
Shekelle, M.; et al. (2019). "A new tarsier species from the Togean Islands of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, with references to Wallacea and conservation on Sulawesi". Primate Conservation. 33: 1–9. S2CID 204801433.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius niemitzi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162337005A171341769. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162337005A171341769.en.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius pelengensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21494A17977515. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21494A17977515.en.
Shekelle, M; et al. (2020). "Tarsius pumilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21490A17977980. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21490A17977980.en.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius sangirensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21493A17977351. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21493A17977351.en.
Siau Island tarsier:
Downey, Kathleen (March 2019). "Siau Island Tarsier, Tarsius tumpara". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
Shekelle, M; et al. (2020). "Tarsius tumpara". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T179234A17977202. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T179234A17977202.en.
Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius tarsier". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162369551A17978304. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162369551A17978304.en.
Merker, S.; et al. (2020). "Tarsius wallacei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T195277A17977659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T195277A17977659.en.
^ abLouis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Allocebus trichotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T868A115559302. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T868A115559302.en.
Frasier, C.; et al. (2016). "A New Species of Dwarf Lemur (Cheirogaleidae: Cheirogaleus medius Group) from the Ankarana and Andrafiamena-Andavakoera Massifs, Madagascar". Primate Conservation. 30: 59–72.
Sgarlata, G. M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus shethi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163020756A163020759. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163020756A163020759.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus medius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163023599A115588562. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163023599A115588562.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus crossleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163021377A115581154. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163021377A115581154.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T54778911A115588708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T54778911A115588708.en.
Groves' dwarf lemur:
McLain, A. T.; et al. (2017). "A New Cheirogaleus (Cheirogaleidae: Cheirogaleus crossleyi Group) Species from Southeastern Madagascar" (PDF). Primate Conservation. 31: 27–36.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus grovesi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163021927A163021999. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163021927A163021999.en.
Lavasoa dwarf lemur:
Anderson, Natali (July 29, 2013). "Lavasoa Dwarf Lemur: New Species Found on Madagascar". Sci-News.com. Retrieved August 2, 2013.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus lavasoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163022131A163022293. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163022131A163022293.en.
Andriaholinirina, N.; et al. (2014). "Cheirogaleus minusculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T136800A16111635. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T136800A16111635.en.
Montagne d'Ambre dwarf lemur:
"Montagne d'Ambre Dwarf Lemur: New Species Found". Sci News. October 12, 2015. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Sgarlata, G. M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus andysabini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163021607A163021799. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163021607A163021799.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus sibreei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41576A115579719. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41576A115579719.en.
Thomas' dwarf lemur:
Ganzhorn, J.; et al. (2020). "Cheirogaleus thomasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163022885A163312222. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163022885A163312222.en.
Genus general diet: Thorén, S.; et al. (2011). "Seasonal Changes in Feeding Ecology and Activity Patterns of Two Sympatric Mouse Lemur Species, the Gray Mouse Lemur (Microcebus murinus) and the Golden-brown Mouse Lemur (M. ravelobensis), in Northwestern Madagascar". International Journal of Primatology. 32 (3): 566–586. doi:10.1007/s10764-010-9488-1. S2CID 39339969.
Anosy mouse lemur:
Rasoloarison, R. M.; et al. (2013). "Two new species of mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae: Microcebus) from Eastern Madagascar". International Journal of Primatology. 34 (3): 455–469. doi:10.1007/s10764-013-9672-1. S2CID 17860060.
Donati, G.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus tanosi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163024481A163024490. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163024481A163024490.en.
Arnhold's mouse lemur:
Louis Jr., E.; et al. (2008). "Revision of the Mouse Lemurs, Microcebus (Primates, Lemuriformes), of Northern and Northwestern Madagascar with Descriptions of Two New Species at Montagne d'Ambre National Park and Antafondro Classified Forest" (PDF). Primate Conservation. 23 (1): 19–38. doi:10.1896/052.023.0103. S2CID 84533039. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2009.
Sgarlata, G. M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus arnholdi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971390A115587373. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971390A115587373.en.
Bemanasy mouse lemur: Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus manitatra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163313848A163313878. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163313848A163313878.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus bongolavensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136537A115583451. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136537A115583451.en.
Wright, P.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus rufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T59544947A115588845. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T59544947A115588845.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus mamiratra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136206A115581016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136206A115581016.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus danfossi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136347A120487417. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136347A120487417.en.
Ganzhorn's mouse lemur:
Ganzhorn, J.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus ganzhorni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163313085A163313088. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163313085A163313088.en.
Gerp's mouse lemur:
Radespiel, U.; et al. (2011). "First indications of a highland specialist among mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) and evidence for a new mouse lemur species from eastern Madagascar". Primates. 53 (2): 157–170. PMID 22198090. S2CID 8473176.
Andriaholinirina, N.; et al. (2014). "Microcebus gerpi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T16971461A16971464. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T16971461A16971464.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus ravelobensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39751A115574811. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39751A115574811.en.
Dolch, R.; et al. (2022). "Microcebus lehilahytsara". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210364856A210364962. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210364856A210364962.en.
Reuter, K. E.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Microcebus murinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163314248A182239898. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T163314248A182239898.en.
Borgerson, C.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Microcebus jollyae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136458A180179376. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T136458A180179376.en.
Jonah's mouse lemur:
Schüßler, D.; et al. (2020). "Ecology and morphology of mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in a hotspot of microendemism in northeastern Madagascar, with the description of a new species". American Journal of Primatology. 82 (9). doi:10.1002/ajp.23180.
Schüßler, D.; et al. (2021). "Microcebus jonahi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T196429436A196429566. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T196429436A196429566.en.
Schüßler, D.; et al. (2021). "Microcebus jonahi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T196429436A196429566. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T196429436A196429566.en.
MacArthur's mouse lemur:
Schüßler, D.; et al. (2020). "Ecology and morphology of mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in a hotspot of microendemism in northeastern Madagascar, with the description of a new species". American Journal of Primatology. 82 (9). doi:10.1002/ajp.23180.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus macarthurii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971425A115587527. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971425A115587527.en.
Markolf, M.; et al. (2022). "Microcebus berthae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T41573A215090010. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41573A215090010.en.
Margot Marsh's mouse lemur:
Louis Jr., E.; et al. (2008). "Revision of the Mouse Lemurs, Microcebus (Primates, Lemuriformes), of Northern and Northwestern Madagascar with Descriptions of Two New Species at Montagne d'Ambre National Park and Antafondro Classified Forest" (PDF). Primate Conservation. 23 (1): 19–38. doi:10.1896/052.023.0103. S2CID 84533039. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2009.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus margotmarshae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971364A115587239. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971364A115587239.en.
Marohita mouse lemur:
Rasoloarison, R. M.; et al. (2013). "Two new species of mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae: Microcebus) from Eastern Madagascar". International Journal of Primatology. 34 (3): 455–469. doi:10.1007/s10764-013-9672-1. S2CID 17860060.
Andriaholinirina, N.; et al. (2014). "Microcebus marohita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T46251646A46251651. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T46251646A46251651.en.
Sgarlata, G. M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus tavaratra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41571A115579176. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41571A115579176.en.
Nosy Boraha mouse lemur:
Mittermeier, R. A.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Microcebus boraha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163314140A182240168. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T163314140A182240168.en.
Baden, A.; et al. (2014). "Microcebus myoxinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T13325A16113437. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T13325A16113437.en.
Ganzhorn, J.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus griseorufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136637A115583923. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136637A115583923.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus sambiranensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41572A115579341. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41572A115579341.en.
Blanco, M.; et al. (2020). "Microcebus simmonsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163314538A115585545. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163314538A115585545.en.
LaFleur, M. (2020). "Mirza coquereli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T13584A115567718. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13584A115567718.en.
Schwitzer, C. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Mirza zaza". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136684A182240582. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T136684A182240582.en.
Sgarlata, G. M.; et al. (2020). "Phaner electromontis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16875A115571235. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16875A115571235.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Phaner furcifer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16872A115570701. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16872A115570701.en.
Pale fork-marked lemur:
Quinlan, K. Clare (August 2022). "Pale Fork-Marked Lemur, Phaner pallescens". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Borgerson, C. (2020). "Phaner pallescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16874A115571047. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16874A115571047.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Phaner parienti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16873A115570887. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16873A115570887.en.
^Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Daubentonia madagascariensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T6302A115560793. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T6302A115560793.en.
Andriantompohavana, R.; et al. (2007). "Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the woolly lemurs, Genus Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes)" (PDF). Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 51: 44–46.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Avahi cleesei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136335A115582253. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136335A115582253.en.
Elster, Eli (June 2023). "Bemaraka Wooly Lemur, Avahi cleesei". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Betsileo woolly lemur:
Andriantompohavana, R.; et al. (2007). "Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the woolly lemurs, Genus Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes)" (PDF). Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 51: 44–46.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Avahi betsileo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136767A115585814. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136767A115585814.en.
Lei, R.; et al. (2008). "Nocturnal lemur diversity at Masoala National Park". Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 53: 1–48.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Avahi mooreorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971566A115588141. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971566A115588141.en.
Peyrieras's woolly lemur:
Esp, Dana (September 2023). "Peyrieras' Wooly Lemur, Avahi peyrierasi". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Avahi peyrierasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136285A115581938. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136285A115581938.en.
Ramanantsoavana's woolly lemur:
Andriantompohavana, R.; et al. (2007). "Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the woolly lemurs, Genus Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes)" (PDF). Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 51: 44–46.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Avahi ramanantsoavanai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136434A115583017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136434A115583017.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Avahi unicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T41579A115579946. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T41579A115579946.en.
Southern woolly lemur:
Andriantompohavana, R.; et al. (2007). "Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the woolly lemurs, Genus Avahi (Primates: Lemuriformes)" (PDF). Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 51: 44–46.
Donati, G.; et al. (2020). "Avahi meridionalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136369A115582568. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136369A115582568.en.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Avahi occidentalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T2435A182234286. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T2435A182234286.en.
^King, T.; et al. (2020). "Indri indri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T10826A115565566. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10826A115565566.en.
Starr, Eric (April 2018). "Coquerel's Sifika, Propithecus coquereli". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus coquereli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18355A115572275. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18355A115572275.en.
Quinlan, K. Clare (September 2019). "Crowned Sifika, Propithecus coronatus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Razafindramanana, J.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus coronatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18356A115572495. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18356A115572495.en.
Irwin, M. (2020). "Propithecus diadema". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18358A115572884. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18358A115572884.en.
Semel, B.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus tattersalli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18352A115571806. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18352A115571806.en.
Wright, P.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus edwardsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18359A115573104. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18359A115573104.en.
Heriniaina, R.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus perrieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18361A115573556. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18361A115573556.en.
Patel, E. (2020). "Propithecus candidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18360A115573359. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18360A115573359.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus verreauxi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18354A115572044. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18354A115572044.en.
Von der Decken's sifaka:
Lussier, Zachary (March 2020). "Von der Deckens' Sifika, Propithecus deckenii". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
King, T.; et al. (2020). "Propithecus deckenii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T18357A115572684. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18357A115572684.en.
Andriantsimanarilafy, R. R.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Eulemur macaco". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8212A182235113. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T8212A182235113.en.
Volampeno, S.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur flavifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8211A115563094. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8211A115563094.en.
Donati, G.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur collaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8206A115562262. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8206A115562262.en.
Common brown lemur:
Abrams, Sylvie (January 2021). "Common Brown Lemur, Eulemur fulvus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Irwin, M.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur fulvus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8207A115562499. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8207A115562499.en.
Reuter, K. E.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Eulemur coronatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8199A182239524. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T8199A182239524.en.
Johnson, S.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur cinereiceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8205A115562060. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8205A115562060.en.
Razafindramanana, J.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur mongoz". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8202A115561431. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8202A115561431.en.
Razafindramanana, J.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur rufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8209A115562696. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8209A115562696.en.
Irwin, M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Eulemur rubriventer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T8203A189740044. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T8203A189740044.en.
Red-fronted lemur:
Botting, Jennifer (March 2021). "Red-Fronted Lemur, Eulemur rufifrons". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Johnson, S.; et al. (2020). "Eulemur rufifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136269A115581600. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136269A115581600.en.
Chikhi, L.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Eulemur sanfordi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8210A182235685. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T8210A182235685.en.
White-headed lemur:
Downey, Kathleen (February 2023). "White-Fronted Lemur, Eulemur albifrons". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Borgerson, C.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Eulemur albifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8204A182121438. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T8204A182121438.en.
Irwin, M.; et al. (2020). "Hapalemur griseus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T9673A115564580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T9673A115564580.en.
Wright, P.; et al. (2020). "Hapalemur aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T9672A115564398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T9672A115564398.en.
Lac Alaotra bamboo lemur:
Quinlan, K. Clare (February 2022). "Lac Alaotra Gentle Lemur, Hapalemur alaotrensis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Ralainasolo, F. B.; et al. (2020) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Hapalemur alaotrensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T9676A182236363. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T9676A182236363.en.
Donati, G.; et al. (2020). "Hapalemur meridionalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136384A115582831. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136384A115582831.en.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Hapalemur occidentalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T9678A115565375. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T9678A115565375.en.
^LaFleur, M.; et al. (2020). "Lemur catta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11496A115565760. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11496A115565760.en.
^Ravaloharimanitra, M.; et al. (2020). "Prolemur simus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T9674A115564770. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T9674A115564770.en.
Black-and-white ruffed lemur: Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Varecia variegata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22918A115574178. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22918A115574178.en.
Red ruffed lemur: Borgerson, C.; et al. (2020). "Varecia rubra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22920A115574598. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22920A115574598.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur aeeclis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136376A115582704. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136376A115582704.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Lepilemur ahmansoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136843A196465915. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136843A196465915.en.
Ankarana sportive lemur:
DiCesare, Maria (November 2022). "Ankarana Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur ankaranensis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur ankaranensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136731A115585357. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136731A115585357.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur betsileo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136662A115584379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136662A115584379.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur milanoii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136609A115583605. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136609A115583605.en.
Donati, G.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur fleuretae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136263A115581448. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136263A115581448.en.
Gray-backed sportive lemur:
Abrams, Sylvie (December 2021). "Gray-Backed Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur dorsalis". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Louis Jr, E. E.; et al. (2022). "Lepilemur dorsalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T210368667A210368927. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210368667A210368927.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur grewcockorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136771A115585939. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136771A115585939.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur tymerlachsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136709A115585199. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136709A115585199.en.
Holland's sportive lemur:
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur hollandorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971489A115587841. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971489A115587841.en.
LaFleur, M.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur hubbardorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136761A115585671. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136761A115585671.en.
Andriamisedra, T. R.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur jamesorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136491A115583306. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136491A115583306.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur edwardsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11617A115566145. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11617A115566145.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur septentrionalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11622A115567059. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11622A115567059.en.
Otto's sportive lemur:
Radespiel, U.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur otto". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136796A115586218. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136796A115586218.en.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur petteri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136677A115584740. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136677A115584740.en.
Randrianasolo's sportive lemur:
Downey, Kathleen (October 2021). "Randrianasolo's Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur randrianasoloi". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur randrianasoloi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136254A115581313. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136254A115581313.en.
Red-tailed sportive lemur:
DiCesare, Maria (April 2023). "Red-Tailed Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur ruficaudatus". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur ruficaudatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11621A115566869. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11621A115566869.en.
Sahamalaza sportive lemur:
Botting, Jennifer (October 2020). "Sahamalaza Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur sahamalaza". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Randriatahina, G.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur sahamalaza". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136645A115584072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136645A115584072.en.
Scott's sportive lemur:
Lei, R.; et al. (2008). "Nocturnal lemur diversity at Masoala National Park". Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 53: 1–48.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur scottorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T16971518A115587981. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T16971518A115587981.en.
Seal's sportive lemur:
Lei, R.; et al. (2008). "Nocturnal lemur diversity at Masoala National Park". Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 53: 1–48.
Louis, E. E.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur seali". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136707A115585037. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136707A115585037.en.
Small-toothed sportive lemur:
Covert, Tara (September 2019). "Small-Toothed Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur microdon". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
Wright, P.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur microdon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11619A115566492. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11619A115566492.en.
LaFleur, M. (2022). "Lepilemur mustelinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T11620A207130315. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T11620A207130315.en.
Eppley, T. M.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur leucopus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T11618A115566334. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T11618A115566334.en.
Wright's sportive lemur:
Lei, R.; et al. (2008). "Nocturnal lemur diversity at Masoala National Park". Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University. 53: 1–48.
Wright, P.; et al. (2020). "Lepilemur wrightae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136311A115582103. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136311A115582103.en.
Cronin, D. T.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Euoticus pallidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8266A190233329. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8266A190233329.en.
Oates, J. F.; et al. (2019). "Euoticus elegantulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T8265A17961768. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T8265A17961768.en.
Mohol bushbaby: Poynter, Therien (2009). "Galago moholi". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Dusky bushbaby: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2019). "Galago matschiei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T8787A17963414. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T8787A17963414.en.
Mohol bushbaby: Bearder, S.; et al. (2021). "Galago moholi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T8788A206563837. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T8788A206563837.en.
Senegal bushbaby: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Galago senegalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T8789A17963505. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T8789A17963505.en.
Somali bushbaby: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Galago gallarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T8786A17963185. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T8786A17963185.en.
Angolan dwarf galago: Svensson, M. S.; et al. (2017). "A giant among dwarfs: a new species of galago (Primates: Galagidae) from Angola". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 163 (1): 30–43. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23175. PMID 28224607. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
Prince Demidoff's bushbaby: Sampson, Christie (2004). "Galago demidoff". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Thomas's bushbaby: Phan, Jeremy (2009). "Galago thomasi". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Angolan dwarf galago: Svensson, M.; et al. (2020). "Galagoides kumbirensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T164378198A164378551. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T164378198A164378551.en.
Prince Demidoff's bushbaby: Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Galagoides demidoff". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T40649A17962255. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T40649A17962255.en.
Thomas's bushbaby: Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Galagoides thomasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T40653A17962691. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T40653A17962691.en.
Brown greater galago: Lundrigan, Barbara; et al. (2000). "Otolemur crassicaudatus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Northern greater galago: Tao, Randa (2006). "Otolemur garnettii". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Brown greater galago: Masters, J.; et al. (2019). "Otolemur crassicaudatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T15643A17963699. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T15643A17963699.en.
Northern greater galago: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Otolemur garnettii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T15644A17963837. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T15644A17963837.en.
de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Paragalago granti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T91970347A17962454. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T91970347A17962454.en.
Zanzibar bushbaby: Satovsky, Ryan (2006). "Galago zanzibaricus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Grant's bushbaby: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Paragalago granti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T91970347A17962454. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T91970347A17962454.en.
Kenya coast galago: Butynski, T. M.; et al. (2019). "Paragalago cocos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136212A17963050. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136212A17963050.en.
Rondo dwarf galago: Perkin, A. (2020). "Paragalago rondoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T40652A17962115. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T40652A17962115.en.
Uluguru bushbaby: Perkin, A. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Paragalago orinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T40651A190242954. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40651A190242954.en.
Zanzibar bushbaby: Perkin, A.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Paragalago zanzibaricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8790A179843811. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8790A179843811.en.
Bioko Allen's bushbaby: Perkin, A.; et al. (2020). "Sciurocheirus alleni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T8785A95509640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8785A95509640.en.
Gabon bushbaby: Oates, J. F. (2019). "Sciurocheirus gabonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136214A17961659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136214A17961659.en.
Makandé squirrel galago: Svensson, M.; et al. (2020). "Sciurocheirus makandensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T91979463A91979703. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T91979463A91979703.en.
Red slender loris: McGuinness, Rory (2011). "Loris tardigradus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on August 7, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Gray slender loris: Dittus, W.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Loris lydekkerianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T44722A217741551. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T44722A217741551.en.
Red slender loris: Gamage, S. N.; et al. (2022) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Loris tardigradus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T12375A217756381. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T12375A217756381.en.
General sizes: Munds, R. A.; et al. (2013) [2012 online]. "Taxonomy of the Bornean slow loris, with new species Nycticebus kayan (Primates, Lorisidae)" (PDF). American Journal of Primatology. 75 (1): 46–56. doi:10.1002/ajp.22071. PMID 23255350. S2CID 17077282. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
Bengal slow loris: Smith, Reyd (2015). "Nycticebus bengalensis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Munds, R. A.; et al. (2013) [2012 online]. "Taxonomy of the Bornean slow loris, with new species Nycticebus kayan (Primates, Lorisidae)" (PDF). American Journal of Primatology. 75 (1): 46–56. doi:10.1002/ajp.22071. PMID 23255350. S2CID 17077282. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
Philippine slow loris: Ravosa, M. J. (1998). "Cranial allometry and geographic variation in slow lorises (Nycticebus)". American Journal of Primatology. 45 (3): 225–243. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2345(1998)45:3<225::AID-AJP1>3.0.CO;2-Y. PMID 9651647. S2CID 20144250.
Sumatran slow loris:
Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2007). "Unexpected diversity of slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.) within the Javan pet trade: implications for slow loris taxonomy". Contributions to Zoology. 76 (3): 187–196. doi:10.1163/18759866-07603004. S2CID 45718454.
Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus hilleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163019804A163020000. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163019804A163020000.en.
Sunda slow loris: Peña, Paul (2013). "Nycticebus coucang". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Bangka slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus bancanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163015864A163015867. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163015864A163015867.en.
Bengal slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Nycticebus bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39758A179045340. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39758A179045340.en.
Bornean slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus borneanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163015906A163015915. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163015906A163015915.en.
Javan slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "Nycticebus javanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T39761A205911512. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39761A205911512.en.
Kayan River slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus kayan". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163015583A163015849. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163015583A163015849.en.
Philippine slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus menagensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163013860A17970781. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163013860A17970781.en.
Sumatran slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus hilleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163019804A163020000. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163019804A163020000.en.
Sunda slow loris: Nekaris, K. A. I.; et al. (2020). "Nycticebus coucang". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163017685A17970966. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T163017685A17970966.en.
^Blair, M.; et al. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Nycticebus pygmaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T14941A198267330. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T14941A198267330.en.
Calabar angwantibo: Olson, Taryn (2003). "Arctocebus calabarensis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Arctocebus aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T2053A17969875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T2053A17969875.en.
Calabar angwantibo: Oates, J. F.; et al. (2019). "Arctocebus calabarensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T2054A17969996. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T2054A17969996.en.
Golden angwantibo: Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Arctocebus aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T2053A17969875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T2053A17969875.en.
Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Perodicticus edwardsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136852A91996061. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136852A91996061.en.
de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Perodicticus ibeanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136875A91996195. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136875A91996195.en.
West African potto: McCann, Kristen (2009). "Perodicticus potto". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on April 21, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
Central African potto: Svensson, M.; et al. (2019). "Perodicticus edwardsi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136852A91996061. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136852A91996061.en.
East African potto: de Jong, Y. A.; et al. (2019). "Perodicticus ibeanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136875A91996195. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136875A91996195.en.
West African potto: Svensson, M.; et al. (2020). "Perodicticus potto". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T91995408A92248699. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T91995408A92248699.en.
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