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Ostrea 
Summary
Ostrea is a genus of edible oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Ostreidae, the oysters.
| Ostrea Temporal range:
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| A lower valve (the attachment valve) of a shell of Ostrea edulis | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Ostreida |
| Superfamily: | Ostreoidea |
| Family: | Ostreidae |
| Genus: | Ostrea (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Type species | |
| Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758 | |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Fossil records edit
This genus is very ancient. It is known in the fossil records from the Permian to the Quaternary (age range: from 259 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossil shells of these molluscs can be found all over the world. Genus Ostrea includes about 150 extinct species.[1][2]
History edit
At least one species within this genus, Ostrea lurida, has been recovered in archaeological excavations along the Central California coast of the Pacific Ocean, demonstrating it was a marine taxon exploited by the Native American Chumash people as a food source.[3]
Species edit
Species in the genus Ostrea include:[1][4]
- † Ostrea albertensis Russell & Landes, 1937
- Ostrea algoensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1871
- Ostrea angasi G.B. Sowerby II, 1871
- Ostrea angelica Rochebrune, 1895
- † Ostrea angusta Deshayes, 1824
- † Ostrea anomialis Lamarck, 1819
- † Ostrea antarctica Zinsmeister, 1984
- † Ostrea arcula Marwick, 1928
- † Ostrea arenicola Tate, 1886
- Ostrea atherstonei Newton, 1913[5]
- † Ostrea awajiensis Matsubara, 1998
- † Ostrea beloiti Logan, 1899
- † Ostrea blackensis Stephenson, 1923
- † Ostrea brongniarti Bronn, 1856
- † Ostrea californica Mareon, 1858
- † Ostrea carolinensis Conrad, 1832
- † Ostrea castellobrancoi Maury 1936
- Ostrea chilensis Philippi, 1844
- Ostrea circumpicta Pilsbry, 1904
- † Ostrea compressirostra Say, 1824
- Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter, 1857
- †Ostrea costaricensis †Olsson, 1922
- † Ostrea crenulimarginata Gabb, 1860
- † Ostrea cynthiae Maury, 1912
- † Ostrea democraciana Hodson et al., 1927
- Ostrea denselamellosa （Lischke, 1869
- † Ostrea diluviana Linnaeus, 1767
- †Ostrea dorsalis †Azzaroli, 1958
- Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758- edible oyster or Belon oyster
- † Ostrea edwilsoni Stoyanow, 1949
- † Ostrea eorivularis Oyama & Mizuno, 1958
- Ostrea equestris (Say, 1834)- crested oyster
- † Ostrea erici Hertlein, 1929
- † Ostrea fraasi Mayer-Eymar, 1888
- † Ostrea frondosa de Serres, 1829
- Ostrea futamiensis Seki, 1929
- † Ostrea gajensis Vredenburg, 1928
- †Ostrea gingensis Schlotheim, 1813
- Ostrea golfotristensis †Maury 1912
- † Ostrea haleyi Hertlein, 1933
- † Ostrea hyotidoidea Tate, 1899
- † Ostrea incisa Martin, 1883
- † Ostrea invalida White, 1887
- † Ostrea jogjacartensis Martin, 1914
- † Ostrea khamirensis Cox, 1936
- † Ostrea latimarginata Vredenburg, 1908
- Ostrea libella Weisbord, 1964
- † Ostrea locklini J. Gardner, 1945
- † Ostrea longirostris Lamarck, 1806
- † Ostrea ludensis Deshayes, 1861
- Ostrea lurida Carpenter, 1864
- † Ostrea manubriata Tate, 1887
- † Ostrea marginidentata Wood, 1861
- † Ostrea matercula de Verneuil, 1845
- † Ostrea mauricensis Gabb, 1860
- Ostrea megodon (Hanley, 1846)
- † Ostrea mesenterica Morton, 1834
- †Ostrea messor Maury, 1925
- † Ostrea minbuensis Cotter, 1923
- † Ostrea minerensis Russell & Landes, 1937
- † Ostrea miradorensis Olsson, 1931
- † Ostrea monetalis † Martin, 1931
- Ostrea negritensis Olsson, 1928
- Ostrea neostentina L.-S. Hu, H.-Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, C. Li & X.-M. Guo, 2019
- † Ostrea normalis Gardner, 1926
- † Ostrea pangadiensis Hislop, 1859
- † Ostrea paracasensis Rivera, 1957
- † Ostrea parasitica Gmelin, 1791 (nomen dubium)
- † Ostrea paroxis Lesueur, 1829
- † O. parrensis Vega et al., 1999
- Ostrea pejerreyensis Rivera, 1957
- Ostrea permollis G. B. Sowerby II, 1871
- † Ostrea petrosa Fuchs, 1879
- † Ostrea peytoni Richards, 1947
- † Ostrea pileosimilis Martin, 1931
- † Ostrea portoricoensis Hubbard, 1920
- † Ostrea princeps Woods, 1850
- † Ostrea procyonis Maury, 1924
- † Ostrea prona Wood, 1861
- † Ostrea protoimbricata Vredenburg, 1928
- † Ostrea pseudocrassissima Fuchs, 1878
- † Ostrea pseudodigitalina Fuchs, 1879
- † Ostrea pseudorissensisVredenburg, 1928
- Ostrea puelchana d'Orbigny, 1842
- † Ostrea pulaskensis Harris, 1892
- † Ostrea raveneliana Tuomey & Holmes, 1855
- † Ostrea resupinata Deshayes, 1858
- Ostrea retusa J.C. Sowerby, 1836 (taxon inquirendum, preoccupied by Ostrea retusa O. F. Müller, 1776)
- †Ostrea russelli Russell & Landes, 1937
- † Ostrea samanensis Olsson, 1928
- † Ostrea saxitoniana †McLearn, 1929
- † Ostrea sculpturata Conrad, 1840
- † Ostrea seymourensis Zinsmeister, 1984
- † Ostrea soleniscus Meek, 1893
- Ostrea stentina Payraudeau, 1826
- † Ostrea sturtiana Tate, 1886
- † Ostrea subangulata d'Orbigny, 1852
- † Ostrea submissa Deshayes, 1864
- † Ostrea subradiosa Bohm, 1926
- † Ostrea tacalensis Hodson et al., 1927
- † Ostrea tatei Suter, 1913
- † Ostrea tayloriana Gabb, 1866
- † Ostrea thalassoklusta Maury, 1912
- † Ostrea turkestanensis Romanovski, 1880
- † Ostrea uncinta Lamarck, 1806
- † Ostrea ungulata Nyst, 1843
- † Ostrea ventilabrum Goldfuss, 1826
- † Ostrea vestita Fuchs, 1883
- † Ostrea waitangiensis Marwick, 1928
- † Ostrea wiedenmayeri Hodson et al., 1927
- Synonyms
- † Ostrea angulata Sowerby, 1840: synonym of Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819) accepted as Magallana angulata (Lamarck, 1819)
- Ostrea aupouria Dinamani, 1981: synonym of Ostrea equestris Say, 1834
- Ostrea bicolor †Hanley, 1854: synonym of Crassostrea tulipa (Lamarck, 1819)
- † Ostrea cochlear Poli, 1795: synonym of Neopycnodonte cochlear (Poli, 1795)
- † Ostrea cristata Born, 1778: synonym of Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758 (misapplication)
- † Ostrea cubitus Deshayes, 1832: synonym of † Cubitostrea cubitus (Deshayes, 1832) (original combination)
- † Ostrea cumingiana Dunker, 1846: synonym of Alectryonella plicatula (Gmelin, 1791)
- Ostrea flavicans Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Semipallium flavicans (Linnaeus, 1758)
- † Ostrea forskali Chemnitz, 1785: synonym of Ostrea forskahlii Gmelin, 1791 : synonym of Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778)
- Ostrea glabra Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Flexopecten glaber (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea hippopus Tate, 1886: synonym of Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758
- † Ostrea imbricata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Hyotissa inermis (G. B. Sowerby II, 1871)
- Ostrea iridescens Hanley, 1854: synonym of Striostrea prismatica (Gray, 1825)
- † Ostrea lutaria Hutton, 1873: synonym of Ostrea chilensis Küster, 1844
- Ostrea maculosa Forskål, 1775: synonym of Gloripallium maculosum (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
- Ostrea minuta Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Haumea minuta (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea obliterata Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Dentamussium obliteratum (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea pellucens Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Caribachlamys pellucens (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea pesfelis Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Manupecten pesfelis (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea plicatula Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Alectryonella plicatula (Gmelin, 1791)
- Ostrea radula Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Decatopecten radula (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea sanguinea Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Mimachlamys sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea striatula Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Annachlamys striatula (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Ostrea superficialis Forskål, 1775: synonym of Laevichlamys superficialis (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
- Ostrea tridacnaeformis Cox, 1927: synonym of Nicaisolopha tridacnaeformis (Cox, 1927)
- † Ostrea wollastoni Finlay, 1927: synonym of † Flemingostrea wollastoni (Finlay, 1927)
See also edit
References edit
- Vialov O. (1936). Sur la classification des huîtres. Comptes Rendus (Doklady) de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS. ser. 2, 4(1): 17-20
- James Dwight Dana (1996) Manual of Geology: Treating of the Principles of the Science with Special Reference to American Geological History, American Book Co., 1088 pages
- C.Michael Hogan (2008) Morro Creek, The Megalithic Portal, ed. by A. Burnham [1]
- Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ostrea.
- Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae
- Harry, H.W. (1985). Synopsis of the supraspecific classification of living oysters (Bivalvia: Gryphaeidae and Ostreidae. The Veliger. 28(2): 121-158
- Orton J.H. (1928). The dominant species of Ostrea. Nature. 121 (3044): 320-321
- Ward, L.W. & Blackwelder, B.W. (1987). Late Pliocene and early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at the Lee Creek Mine. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 61: 113-283
- Archer, T. C. (1860). On a species of Ostrea taken from the copper sheathing on the bottom of a vessel in the Liverpool Graving Docks. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Ser. 3, 5: 404-405
- '._('Print page').'Mineralienatlas - Fossilienatlas: Ostrea