Pimoidae

Summary

Pimoidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 1986.[2] As re-circumscribed in 2021, it is monophyletic,[1] and contained 85 species in two genera.[3] It is closely related to the Linyphiidae,[1][4] and is sometimes treated as synonymous with that family.[5]

Pimoidae
Temporal range: Palaeogene–present
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Pimoidae
Wunderlich, 1986
Diversity
2 genera, 85 species[1]

The species Pimoa cthulhu, described by Gustavo Hormiga in 1994, is named for Howard Phillips Lovecraft's mythological deity Cthulhu.[4]

Distribution edit

The ancestors of the family are thought to have been widely distributed across the Palearctic, Nearctic and Sino-Japanese regions, but species now have a more fragmented distribution.[1]

Genera and species edit

As of April 2022, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following genera and species:[6]

  • Nanoa Hormiga, Buckle & Scharff, 2005
  • Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 — North America, Asia, Europe
    • Pimoa altioculata (Keyserling, 1886) – USA, Canada
    • Pimoa anatolica Hormiga, 1994 – China
    • Pimoa anning Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa binchuanensis Zhang & Li, 2019 – China
    • Pimoa bomi Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa breuili (Fage, 1931) – Spain
    • Pimoa breviata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
    • Pimoa cawarong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa clavata Xu & Li, 2007 – China
    • Pimoa cona Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa crispa (Fage, 1946) – India
    • Pimoa cthulhu Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa curvata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
    • Pimoa daman Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa danba Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa delphinica Mammola, Hormiga & Isaia, 2016 – Italy
    • Pimoa deqen Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa dongjiu Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa duiba Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa edenticulata Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa exigua Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa gagna Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
    • Pimoa gandhii Hormiga, 1994 – India
    • Pimoa graphitica Mammola, Hormiga & Isaia, 2016 – Italy, France
    • Pimoa guiqing Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa gyaca Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa gyara Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa gyirong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa haden Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 – USA
    • Pimoa heishui Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa hespera (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936) (type species) – USA
    • Pimoa indiscreta Hormiga, 1994 – India
    • Pimoa jellisoni (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936) – USA
    • Pimoa jinchuan Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa khaptad Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa koshi Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa lata Xu & Li, 2009 – China
    • Pimoa laurae Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa lemenba Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa lhatog Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa lihengae Griswold, Long & Hormiga, 1999 – China
    • Pimoa mainling Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa mechi Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa mephitis Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa miandam Zhang & Li, 2021 – Pakistan
    • Pimoa miero Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa mono Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa mude Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa muli Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa nainital Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
    • Pimoa naran Zhang & Li, 2021 – Pakistan
    • Pimoa nematoides Hormiga, 1994 – Nepal
    • Pimoa ninglang Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa nyalam Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa nyingchi Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa petita Hormiga, 1994 – USA
    • Pimoa phaplu Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa pingwuensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
    • Pimoa putou Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa rara Zhang & Li, 2021 – Nepal
    • Pimoa reniformis Xu & Li, 2007 – China
    • Pimoa rongxar Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa rupicola (Simon, 1884) – France, Italy
    • Pimoa samyai Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa sangri Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa shigatse Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa shoja Zhang & Li, 2021 – India
    • Pimoa sinuosa Hormiga, 1994 – Nepal
    • Pimoa tehama Hormiga & Lew, 2014 – USA
    • Pimoa tengchong Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa thaleri Trotta, 2009 – India
    • Pimoa trifurcata Xu & Li, 2007 – China
    • Pimoa vera Gertsch, 1951 – USA
    • Pimoa wanglangensis Yuan, Zhao & Zhang, 2019 – China
    • Pimoa wulipoensis Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa xiahe Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa xinjianensis Zhang & Li, 2019 – China
    • Pimoa yadong Zhang & Li, 2020 – China
    • Pimoa yajiangensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
    • Pimoa yejiei Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa yele Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa zayu Zhang & Li, 2021 – China
    • Pimoa zekogensis Irfan, Wang, Zhao & Zhang, 2022 – China
    • Pimoa zhigangi Zhang & Li, 2021 – China

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Hormiga, Gustavo; Kulkarni, Siddharth; da Silva Moreira, Thiago & Dimitrov, Dimitar (2021). "Molecular phylogeny of pimoid spiders and the limits of Linyphiidae, with a reassessment of male palpal homologies (Araneae, Pimoidae)". Zootaxa. 5026 (1): 71–101. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5026.1.3. PMID 34810940. S2CID 238681925.
  2. ^ Wunderlich, J. (1986). Spinnenfauna gestern und heute: Fossile Spinnen in Bernstein und ihre heute lebenden Verwandten.
  3. ^ "Currently valid spider genera and species". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
  4. ^ a b Hormiga, Gustavo (1994). "A Revision and Cladistic Analysis of the Spider Family Pimoidae (Araneoidea: Araneae)". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 549: 533–542.
  5. ^ Murphy, J. A.; Roberts, M. J. (2015). Spider families of the world and their spinnerets. British Arachnological Society. ISBN 978-0950009377.
  6. ^ "Family: Pimoidae Wunderlich, 1986". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2022-04-22.