Traditional rugelach are made in the form of a crescent by rolling a triangle of dough around a filling.[6][7] Some sources state that the rugelach and the French croissant share a common Viennese ancestor, crescent-shaped pastries commemorating the lifting of the Turkish siege,[8] possibly a reference to the Battle of Vienna in 1683. This appears to be an urban legend however, as both the rugelach and its supposed ancestor, the Kipferl, pre-date the Early Modern era, while the croissant in its modern form did not originate earlier than the 19th century (see viennoiserie). This leads many to believe that the croissant is simply a descendant of one of these two.
An alternative form is constructed much like a strudel or nut roll, but unlike those, the rolled dough and filling are cut into slices before baking.[9]
Etymologyedit
The name is Yiddish, the historical language of Ashkenazi Jews. The -ach ending (־ך) indicates plural, while the el (־ל) can be a diminutive, as, for example, shtetlekh (שטעטלעך, villages) is the plural of shtetl (שטעטל, village), the diminutive of shtot (שטאָט, town). In this case, the root means something like "twist" so the translation would be "little twists," a reference to the shape of this pastry.[8] In this context, note that rog (ראָג) means "corner" in Yiddish.[10] In Polish, which influenced Yiddish, róg can mean "corner", but can also mean "horn" – both the kind on an animal and the musical instrument. Croissant-shaped pastries, which look like horns, are called rogale in Polish, see Rogal świętomarciński. Rogale is almost identical in pronunciation and meaning to the Yiddish word rugelach.
Alternatively, some assert that the root is rugel, meaning "royal", possibly a reference to the taste.[11] This explanation is in conflict with Yiddish usage, where the word keniglich (קעניגליךּ) is the dominant word meaning "royal".[12]
Ingredientsedit
Rugelach can be made with sour cream or cream cheese doughs,[6][7][8] but there are also pareve variants (with no dairy ingredients),[13] so that it can be eaten with or after a meat meal and still be kosher. Cream cheese doughs are the most recent, while yeastleavened[13][14] and sour cream doughs[15][16] are much older.
^ ab"Rugelach". Food. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
^ abAMERICA, CULINARY INSTITUTE OF. "Rugelach: A bite-sized Hanukkah tradition". Daily Herald. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2019.
^ abBoyle, Tish (10 December 2007). The Good Cookie: Over 250 delicious recipes, from simple to sublime. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-544-18663-7. Retrieved 28 March 2019 – via Google Books.
^Barbara Grunes, Best-Ever Rugelach, The Best Bake Sale Ever Cookbook, Raincoast Books, Vancouver, 2006; page 68.
^Helene Siegel and Karen Gillingham, Ida's Rugelach, Totally Cookies Cookbook, Celestial Arts Publishing, Berkeley, 1995; page 74.
^Joyce Eisenberg and Ellen Scolnic, "The Whole Spiel: Funny essays about digital nudniks, seder selfies and chicken soup memories," Incompra Press, 2016; p. 126. ISBN 978-0-69272625-9
Further readingedit
Harkavy, Alexander (1898). יידיש־ענגלישעס ווערטערבוך [A dictionary of the Yiddish language ...: With a treatise on Yiddish reading, orthography and dialectal variations]. New York: The author. OCLC 19310482.
Lang, George (1982). George Lang's cuisine of Hungary. New York: Atheneum.
Grosberg Bellin, Mildred (1983). The Jewish cookbook international cooking according to the Jewish dietary laws. New York Bloch. ISBN 978-0-8197-0058-2. OCLC 614538635.
Klein, Ernest David (1987). A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language (in Hebrew). Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-02-917431-9. OCLC 462199426.
Aish HaTorah Women's Organization (1988). The Taste of Shabbos: the complete Sabbath cookbook. Jerusalem: Feldheim Publishers. OCLC 33036781.
Siegel, Helene; Gillingham, Karen (1995). Totally Cookies Cookbook. Berkeley, CA: Celestial Arts Publishing. ISBN 978-0-89087-757-9. OCLC 32312778.
Dembinska, Maria; Thomas, Magdalena; Weaver, William Woys (1999). Food and Drink in Medieval Poland: Rediscovering a Cuisine of the Past. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Gil Marks (1996). The World of Jewish Cooking (1st paperback ed.). Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-82491-8. OCLC 34690573.
Olver, Lynne (June 24, 2012). "history notes—cookies, crackers & biscuits". The Food Timeline. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
Fertig, Judith M (2003). All-American Desserts: 400 Star-Spangled, Razzle-Dazzle recipes for America's best loved desserts. Boston, MA: Harvard Common Press. ISBN 978-1-299-89505-8. OCLC 785784600.
Amendola, Joseph; Rees, Nicole (2003). The baker's manual: 150 master formulas for baking (5th (English) ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-40525-2. OCLC 50252009.
Nathan, Joan (2004). Joan Nathan's Jewish holiday cookbook: revised and updated on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the publication of The Jewish holiday kitchen. Schocken Books. ISBN 978-0-8052-4217-1. OCLC 9681693669.
Goodman, Matthew (2005). Jewish food: the world at table. New York: HarperCollins.
Kancigor, Judy Bart (2007). Cooking Jewish: 532 Great Recipes from the Rabinowitz Family. Workman. ISBN 978-0-7611-5965-0. OCLC 966544227.
Grunes, Barbara (19 October 2012). The Best Bake Sale Ever Cookbook. Chronicle Books. ISBN 978-1-4521-2267-0.
External linksedit
Goltz, Eileen (2003). "Recipes for Shabbat: Rugalach". Orthodox Union. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2017.