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List of oldest buildings in Canada

Summary

This is a list of the oldest surviving buildings and structures of significance in each province and territory of Canada.

Alberta edit

First Nations peoples in Alberta were generally nomadic and did not create permanent structures, however they did often occupy the same site annually for many generations, and created permanent markers in the form of tipi rings and medicine wheels. The first Europeans to build in Alberta were the fur traders of the North West Company who constructed the first trading posts in Alberta at Fort Chipewyan and Fort Vermilion in 1788. Few buildings from the fur trade era remain.

There is said to be 25 buildings built prior to 1882 still surviving in Alberta. Most buildings considered "historic" in Alberta are from the post-railway era (e.g. after 1885 in Calgary, after 1891 in Edmonton).

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Alberta constructed prior to 1900.

Building or complex Built Location Architect
Father Lacombe Chapel 1861[1] St. Albert Fr. Albert Lacombe
Clerk's Quarters 1865[2] Fort Victoria George Flett
Rocky Mountain House Chimneys 1868[3] Rocky Mountain House Hudson's Bay Company
Hunt House 1876[4] Calgary Hudson's Bay Company
C.O. Card House 1887[5] Cardston
Lougheed House 1891 Calgary James & Isabella Lougheed
Ralph Connor Church 1891[6] Canmore
John Walter house 1875[7] Edmonton
Lac La Biche Convent 1894[8] Lac La Biche Oblates of Mary Immaculate
Roland Michener House 1894[9] Lacombe
Union Bank 1899[10] Fort Macleod David Grier

British Columbia edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in British Columbia constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City Architect
Fort Langley storehouse[11] 1840s[12] Fort Langley  
Fort Kamloops log cabin 1840s Kamloops
St. Ann's schoolhouse 1844 Victoria  
Tod House 1851 Oak Bay
Helmcken House 1852 Victoria  
Craigflower Manor[13] 1853–1856 View Royal Hudson's Bay Company  
The Bastion 1853-55 Nanaimo Hudson's Bay Company  
Craigflower Schoolhouse 1855 Saanich, British Columbia  
Bannockburn Farm 1857 Saanichton[14]
St. John the Divine Church 1859 Maple Ridge[15][16]
Father Pandosy Mission[17] 1859 Kelowna
Victoria Hotel 1859 Victoria, British Columbia  
Dodd House 1859 Saanich
1314 Wharf Street 1860 Victoria  
536 Yates Street, 1860 Victoria  
Fisgard Lighthouse 1860 Victoria  
Race Rocks Lighthouse 1860 Great Race Rock  
Christ Anglican Church 1861 Hope, British Columbia  
Woodlands House (original section) 1861 Victoria, British Columbia
Trutch House 1861 Victoria, British Columbia
Point Ellice House 1861 Victoria, British Columbia
1129 Wharf Street 1862 Victoria, British Columbia  
Odd Fellows Hall 1862 Victoria, British Columbia  
Wentworth House 1862 Victoria, British Columbia
Emily Carr House 1863 Victoria, British Columbia  
Congregation Emanu-El 1863 Victoria, British Columbia  
Reid Block 1863 Victoria, British Columbia  
St. John the Divine Church 1863 Yale, British Columbia  
Old St. Andrews Presbyterian Church 1863 New Westminster, British Columbia
Hastings Mill Store 1865 Vancouver, British Columbia Oldest building in Vancouver  
Ross Bay Villa 1865 Victoria, British Columbia  
557-559 Johnson Street 1875 Victoria, British Columbia  
Old Victoria Customs House 1875 Victoria, British Columbia  
Church of Our Lord 1876[18] Victoria, British Columbia  
Masonic Temple 1878 Victoria, British Columbia  
St. Joseph's Hospital 1878 Victoria, British Columbia  
Grand Pacific Hotel 1879 Victoria, British Columbia  

Manitoba edit

The following is a list of buildings and structures in Manitoba constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City Architect Image
Prince of Wales Fort 1731-41 near Churchill Royal Engineers  
Inkster's General Store 1831 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
Lower Fort Garry 1831 to 1848 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company  
Big House, (Lower Fort Garry) 1832 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company  
Fur Loft (Lower Fort Garry) 1832 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company  
William Fraser House[19] 1835 near Selkirk, Manitoba  
The Archway Warehouse[20] 1840–1841 Norway House
St Andrews on the Red[21] 1845–1849 RM of St Andrews  
Grey Nuns' Convent (Le Musée de Saint-Boniface Museum)[22] 1845–1851 St. Boniface (Winnipeg)  
Seven Oaks House Museum[23] 1851 Winnipeg John Inkster  
Ross House Museum 1852 Winnipeg  
Old St. James Anglican Church[24] 1853 Winnipeg, Manitoba
St. Peter Dynevor Anglican Church[25] 1853 R. M. St. Clements  
Upper Fort Garry Gate 1853 Winnipeg  
Kildonan Presbyterian Church[26] 1854 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
St. Andrews Rectory[27] 1854 RM of St Andrews  
Brown House[28] 1856 Winnipeg, Manitoba
Delorme house 1857 Winnipeg, Manitoba
Miss Davis’ School / Twin Oaks 1858 R.M. of St. Andrews  
St. Peter's Dynevor Anglican Church Rectory[29][30] 1860 R.M. of St. Andrews
St. Clement's Anglican Church[31] 1861 RM of St. Andrews  
Firth House / Hay House[32] 1861 R.M. of St. Andrews
Barber House[33] 1862 Winnipeg
Bunn House[34] 1862 Selkirk
Cox House[35] 1862 St. Andrew's, Manitoba
St. Anne's Anglican Church[36] 1862–1864 RM of Portage la Prairie
Archbishop of St. Boniface residence[37] 1864 Winnipeg  
Kildonan School[38] 1865 Winnipeg  
Captain William Kennedy House[39] 1866 St. Andrews, Manitoba  
Christ Anglican Church[40] 1868–1870 Fort Alexander, Powerview, Manitoba,
Colcleugh House[41] 1872 Selkirk, Manitoba
Inkster House[42] 1874 Winnipeg  
Little Britain United Church[43] 1874 (est. 1852) R.M. of St. Andrews  
La Chapelle de Notre Dame Du Bons Secours[44] 1875 Winnipeg  
St. Luke's Anglican Church[45] 1876 Emerson, Manitoba
All Saints Victoria Anglican Church[46] 1877 R.M. of Rockwood
Chartier House 1877 Morris Flavien Chartier
Kittson House 1878 Winnipeg  
Episcopal Methodist Church / All Saints Anglican Church 1879 Emerson
Riel House 1880–1881 St. Vital, Winnipeg  
Fairbanks House[47] 1881 Emerson, Manitoba
Vaughan Street Gaol[48] 1881 Winnipeg
Winnipeg Hotel 1881 Winnipeg
T.W Taylor Building 1882 Winnipeg  
Hochman Building[49] 1882 Winnipeg  
House of Comoy 1882 Winnipeg  
Monk House 1882 Winnipeg
Sures Building 1882 Winnipeg
Bernier house[50] 1882 Winnipeg  
W.M. Ashdown House 1882 Winnipeg  
Telegram Building[51] 1882 Winnipeg  
Bathgate Block 1882–1883 Winnipeg  
Fortune Block[52] 1882–1883 Winnipeg
Lyon Block/Bate Building[53] 1883 Winnipeg  
Daly House 1883 Brandon  
Deloraine Presbyterian Church 1883 Deloraine, Manitoba  
Smart Bag Company Building 1884–1913 Winnipeg
Government House 1883 Winnipeg  
Brandon Court House[54] 1884 Brandon
Holy Trinity Anglican Church[55] 1884 Winnipeg Charles Wheeler  
Neepawa County Courthouse 1884 Neepawa C. Osborn Wikenden  
St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral 1887, updated 1896 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
Villa Louise 1888 Brandon  
Fraser Block 1890 Brandon  
Holy Trinity Anglican Church[56] 1890 Killarney, Manitoba  
Knox United Church 1891 Belmont, Manitoba  
St. Lupicin Roman Catholic Church[57] 1891 Rural Municipality of Lorne  
Lorne Terrace 1892 Brandon  
St. Mary St. Alban Anglican Church 1892 Pembina  
Utility Building 1892 Winnipeg  
Paterson-Matheson House 1893, with 1904 addition Brandon  
Peck Building 1893 Winnipeg  
Stovel Block 1893 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
St. Pauls United Church[58] 1893 Boissevain, Manitoba  
Margaret Laurence House 1894 Neepawa, Manitoba  
Penrose House 1894 Winnipeg
Saint-Léon Roman Catholic Church 1894 Saint-Léon
DALNAVERT NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 1895 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
Ashdown Warehouse 1895–1911 Winnipeg  
Masonic Temple 1895 Winnipeg, Manitoba  
Saint Adolphe Roman Catholic Church[59] 1896 Saint Adolphe, Manitoba  
Public Building 1895–1898 Portage la Prairie  
Wesley Hall[60] 1895 Winnipeg  
H. P. Tergesen General Store 1898 Gimli
Vendôme Hotel 1898 Winnipeg Henry Sandham Griffith
Old St. Michael's Ukrainian Orthodox Church 1898–1899 RM Stuartburn(Oldest surviving Ukrainian church in Canada)  
Isbister School 1899 Winnipeg  
Donald H Bain building 1899 Winnipeg
McClary Building 1899–1912 Winnipeg

New Brunswick edit

Before 1784, New Brunswick was part of the colony of Nova Scotia and the majority of the population was aboriginal. The native populations of the land that is now New Brunswick were a nomadic people and thus there are few remains of their settlements. However, in 1784 New Brunswick became its own colony due to an increasingly non-aboriginal population. The area was mostly forest until United Empire Loyalists started to arrive, and European-style buildings were not constructed for the most part until after their arrival. Many Acadian homes and settlements were destroyed by the British during the expulsion of the Acadians known as the Great Expulsion from 1755 to 1763. Acadians were a people of French descent who lived in New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia for over a century before the British took over the lands that were New France. After the expulsion there was a short wave of settlement by a peoples known as the New England Planters. They were a small group without a lot of remaining architecture.

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in New Brunswick constructed prior to 1890.

Building Floors Built City Architect Notes
Treitz Haus 21⁄2 1769 Moncton   The eastern section of the building was completed in 1769 with the second addition completed in the 1820s.
John Dunn House 3 1784 St. Andrews John Dunn   Significant in that it was possibly the first house built in Saint Andrews taller than two floors. A United Empire Loyalist, Dunn brought most of the materials to build the house with him from New York in 1784.
Gladstone Smith House 2 1785 St. Andrews
Odell House, Fredericton 3 1785 Fredericton The oldest building in Fredericton, O'Dell House was built by Jonathan O'Dell. Much of the 18th century interior of the house remains intact, including the jail cells in the basement which were used as a prison for deserters.
Smyth House 11⁄2 1787 Fredericton   This house is an excellent example of loyalist construction in late 18th-century New Brunswick. It was built out of necessity and with the available material: wood.
Trinity Church and Rectory 1789 Kingston Creek, New Brunswick  
Reverend Samuel Andrews House 11⁄2 1790  
Boultenhouse 2 1790 Sackville, New Brunswick  
Sanderson House 2 1796 Fredericton, New Brunswick  
The Whale Store or the Bradford Hotel 2 1800 St. Andrews  
Allen House 2 1800 Fredericton  
Farraline House[61] 2 1809 Fredericton  
Steeves House Museum[62] 2 1812 Hillsborough  
St. Andrews Blockhouse 1813 St. Andrews   One of three that once guarded St. Andrews. However, it never saw battle.
St. Cecile Church 1813 Sainte-Cécile, New Brunswick  
Keillor House 2 1813 Dorchester, New Brunswick It is an example of a Palladian-inspired dwelling with its use of two lateral wings beside a main central block. It is also one of the rare stone residential buildings in the Maritime region to use this type of design. 
Carleton Martello Tower 2 1815 Saint John  
Loyalist House 21⁄2 1810–1817 Saint John David Daniel Merrit  
Sheriff House 21⁄2 1820 St. Andrews  
Bell Inn 21⁄2 1820 Dorchester, New Brunswick  
Free Meeting House 1 1821 Moncton   Constructed as a meeting place for all denominations as a place of worship until churches could be built for their respective use.
Greenock Presbyterian Church 1821–1824 St. Andrews, New Brunswick  
Chestnut Hall 2 1824 St. Andrews, New Brunswick  
Williston House 2 1824 Miramichi Andrew Currie The oldest building in the Miramichi area.
St. John's Anglican (Stone) Church 1825 Saint John  
Government House, Fredericton 1826–1828 Fredericton James Woolford   Built after the former Lieutenant-Governors mansion burned to the ground in 1825.
Sir Howard Douglas Hall, University of New Brunswick 1826-27 Fredericton James Woolford   Also known as "the Old Arts Building", it is the oldest building still officially in use by a university in Canada. It was designed by the same architect as Government House. The third floor was added to accommodate more staff and students in 1876–77.
Fredericton Garrison Barracks 1827 Fredericton  
Saint John County Court House 3 1829 Saint John   John Cunningham Inside the courthouse is a free-standing spiral stairway, one of the largest in the country.
Bonar Law House 3 1820s Five Rivers, New Brunswick  
Chandler House 2 1831 Dorchester, New Brunswick Built in the Classical Revival Style
Miramichi Marine Hospital 1 1831 Miramichi, New Brunswick  
Old Carleton Court House 3 1833 Woodstock, New Brunswick  
Sainte-Anne-du-Bocage Church 1836 Caraquet, New Brunswick  
Charles Connell House 21⁄2 1839 Woodstock  
Charlotte County Court House 1 1839–1840 St. Andrews, New Brunswick  
York County Jail 2 1842 Fredericton  
St. Anne's Chapel (Fredericton) 1847 Fredericton  
Christ Church Cathedral 1853 Fredericton Frank Wills  
Fredericton City Hall 4 1875-76 Fredericton McKean & Fairweather
Bank of New Brunswick (building) 2 1879 Saint John Henry F. Starbuck This building is intended to represent not only itself but the dozens of other buildings destroyed overnight by The Great Fire of Saint John, New Brunswick in 1877. Built on Prince William Street, the Bank of New Brunswick building is encompassed by blocks of other buildings constructed by several other architects between 1877 and 1881 in the area known today as the Trinity Royal Heritage Conservation Area.
New Brunswick Legislature 4 1882 Fredericton J.C. Dumaresq Constructed with stone after the first, built of wood, was destroyed by fire in 1880. Also of note on the Parliament Square site is the Old Education Building constructed in 1816 of stone with two more floors added in 1869. The Departmental building was completed in 1888.
Marysville Cotton Mill 4 1883-85 Fredericton Greene and Company Mill Architects and Engineers The imposing, four-storey, red-brick cotton mill building features a flat-roofed central tower, and numerous multi-pane mullion windows. It was Canada's second largest cotton mill at the time. The mill opened in the spring of 1885, with full production being reached in November 1889. It now sits rehabilitated to serve as government offices.[63]

Newfoundland and Labrador edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Newfoundland and Labrador constructed prior to 1860.

Building Built City Architect
Anderson House 1805 St. John's James Anderson  
William Alexander House 1811–1814 Bonavista, Newfoundland  
Hopedale Mission Provision House 1817 Hopedale, Newfoundland and Labrador
Commissariat House[64] 1818–1820 St. John's  
Mallard Cottage 1820 St. John's, Newfoundland  
Samuel Abbot House[65] 1823 Bonavista, Newfoundlans  
Brigus Stone Barn 1825 Brigus, Newfoundland  
St. Michael's Convent[66] 1826 St. John's
Harbour Grace Courthouse 1830 Harbour Grace, Newfoundland  
Hawthorn Cottage 1830 Brigus, Newfoundland  
Victoria Manor 1830 Harbour Grace, Newfoundland  
Government House 1831 St. John's  
Church of the Most Holy Trinity (Trinity)[67] 1831 Trinity, Newfoundland  
Hebron Moravian Mission 1830s Hebron
Harris Cottage[68] 1833 St. John's  
Retreat Cottage 1834 St. John's  
Alexander House 1835 Bonavista
Cape Spear Lighthouse[69] 1835 St. John's  
The Stone House 1835 St. John's  
St. Paul's Anglican Church[70] 1835 Harbour Grace, Newfoundland  
St. Thomas' Anglican Church 1835–1836 St. John's  
Ridley Office[71] 1838 Harbour Grace, Newfoundland  
Campbell House, 1840 Trinity, Newfoundland and Labrador  
Gover House 1840 Trinity, Newfoundland and Labrador  
Slade House[72] 1840 Trinity, Newfoundland and Labrador  
Christ Church[73] 1842 St. John's  
St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church 1842 Bonavista, Newfoundland  
Cape Bonavista Lighthouse 1843 Bonavista, Newfoundland  
Cluett House[74] [75] 1844 Belleoram
St. Peter's Anglican Church 1844 Twillingate, Newfoundland  
Murray Premises[76] 1846 St. John's  
Cathedral of St. John the Baptist 1847 St. John's George Gilbert Scott  
Thompson Building[77] 1847 St. John's  
Yellow Belly Corner[78] c. 1847 St. John's  
Newman Building[79] 1848 St. John's  
Hopedale Mission House 1848–1853 Hopedale, Newfoundland and Labrador
Bank of British North America Building 1849 St. John's William Howe Greene  
O'Dwyer Block[80] 1849 St. John's  
Colonial Building 1850 St. John's James Purcell  
Church of St. James the Apostle 1852 Battle Harbour William Grey  
Basilica of St. John the Baptist 1841–1855 St. John's Ole Joergen Schmidt  
Bishop's Library, St. Bonaventure College 1854 St. John's  
Point Amour lighthouse 1854–1857 Point Amour Charles François Xavier Baby  
Presentation Convent Cathedral Square 1853 St. John's Ole Joergen Schmidt, James Purcell  
Old St. Bonaventure's College 1857–1858 St. John's  

Northwest Territories edit

Building Built City Architect Notes Image
Church of Our Lady of Good Hope 1885 Tulita  
The Wildcat Cafe 1937 Yellowknife

Nova Scotia edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Nova Scotia constructed prior to 1830.

Building Historic Structure Year Current Structure Year City Architect Notes Image
Fort Anne 1629[81] 1708[82] Annapolis Royal Possibly the oldest extant building / site in Canada. The permanent garrison left in 1854 and it became Canada's first National Historic Site in 1917.  
de Gannes-Cosby House 1693 1708[83] Annapolis Royal Possibly the oldest, privately owned, wooden house in Canada. Some additions to house up to the 20th century.
Adams-Ritchie House 1686[84] 1712[83] Annapolis Royal Possibly the oldest, unaltered privately owned, wooden building in Canada. All additions and alterations were removed to reveal the original building. This was the site of the official residence of the Governors of Acadia / Nova Scotia since at least 1686.  
Williams House (Annapolis Royal) 1715[85] 1715[85] Annapolis Royal Possibly the oldest, unaltered and fully original, privately owned, wooden building in Canada. Was moved from its original location in the 19th century.
Fort Edward Blockhouse 1750[86] 1750[86] Windsor Possibly the oldest unaltered and fully original wooden building in Canada on its original location.  
St. Paul's Church 1750 1750 Halifax The core of the church dates from 1750, with significant additions made in 1812, 1868 and 1872. [87]  
The Little Dutch Church 1756 1756 Halifax The structure dates to the early 1750s. The building was moved to its present location, consecrated, and saw the addition of a steeple in 1756. It remains the second-oldest surviving building in Halifax after St. Paul's Church.  
Sinclair Inn 1710 [88] 1781 [88] Annapolis Royal The main structure known as the Sinclair Inn dates to 1781. The building incorporates within its structure two earlier French period buildings – the Soullard (1710) and Skene (1712) houses. The dates have been verified by dendrochronology.  
Sambro Island Light 1758 1758 Halifax Oldest surviving lighthouse in North America. Expansion undertaken in 1906.  
St. John's Anglican Church 1763 1763 Lunenburg Although severely damaged by fire in 2001, reconstruction took place re-using as many original materials as possible. Where this was not possible, it was reconstructed with new materials to the original design.  
Morris House 1764 1764 Halifax Although largely intact, it was relocated in 2013.
Goodwin House 1765[89] 1765[89] Habitant
North Hills Museum (Amberman House)[90] 1702[91] 1765 Granville Ferry The existing building is believed to mainly date from 1765, but possibly includes elements from earlier buildings (ie 1702). The lot has been occupied since at least the 1730s.  
Old Barrington Meeting House 1765 1765 Barrington Head Wood-frame building erected by settlers from New England; one of the oldest surviving buildings in English-speaking Canada, and a good example of a New England–style colonial meeting house  
Simeon Perkins House, 1767 1767 Liverpool, Nova Scotia  
Jeremiah Calkin House 1768[92] 1768[92] Grand Pre Although largely intact, it was relocated in 2008.  
Bailey House 1708[93] 1770[94] Annapolis Royal The current building primarily dates from 1770 although a building has stood on this site since at least 1708. A building has been on or around this site since before 1688, but it has not been verified if it was this building or another.[95]  
Ottawa House[96] 1770 1770 Parrsboro, Nova Scotia Includes a late 19th century addition.  
Scott Manor House 1770 1770 Halifax (Bedford)  
Bonnett House 1708[93] 1773[97] Annapolis Royal The current building dates from 1773 although a building stood on this site since at least 1708. A building has been on or around this site since before 1688, but it has not been verified if it was this building or another.[98]  
Kent Lodge 1775 1775 Wolfville  
Solomon House 1775 1775 Lunenburg  
Planters Barracks 1778[99] 1778[99] Starrs Point Enlarged in 1796.  
Stewart House 1779[100] 1779[100] Grand Pre Heritage Property Program indicates year of construction as 1800.  
Thomas Courtney house[101] 1784 1784 Shelburne, Nova Scotia Has been enlarged at later date.  
Quaker Whaler House 1785 1785 Dartmouth  
Ross-Thomson House & Store 1785 1785 Shelburne, Nova Scotia  
Jost House 1786 1786 Sydney, Nova Scotia  
Randall House 1786[102] 1786[102] Wolfville  
Cossit House 1787 1787 Sydney, Nova Scotia  
Bailly House[103] 1790 1790 Lunenburg, Nova Scotia  
Christ Church Anglican Church(originally St. Paul),[104] 1790 1790 Karsdale, Nova Scotia
St. Mary's Anglican Church (Auburn, Nova Scotia) 1790 1790 Auburn  
Lennox Tavern 1791 1791 Lunenburg, Nova Scotia  
Old Holy Trinity Anglican Church 1791 1791 Middleton
St. George's Anglican Church[105] 1791 1791 Sydney  
Borden House 1791 1791 Grand Pre Boyhood home of Sir Robert Borden, Prime Minister of Canada, 1911–1920  
Centenary United Church[106] (Originally Methodist) 1792 1792 Upper Granville, Nova Scotia
Knaut-Rhuland House 1793[107] 1793[107] Lunenburg  
Prince's Lodge (Music Room) 1794 1794 Halifax  
Saint Edward's Anglican Church 1795[108] 1795[108] Clementsport
Mills Homestead 1795 1795 Granville Ferry Robert Mills emigrated from Yorkshire, England and built the house in 1795 or 1796. Although extensively altered, the core of the house is still original. The building has a view of Fort Anne, Annapolis Royal across the Annapolis Basin.
Prince of Wales Tower 1797 1797 Halifax Oldest Martello Tower in North America  
Samuel Greenwood House 1797 1797 Dartmouth  
Fort Anne Officers' Quarters 1798[109] 1798[109] Annapolis Royal  
St. George's (Round) Church 1800 1800 Halifax  
DeWolfe House 1801 1801 Wolfville, Nova Scotia  
Halifax Town Clock 1803 1803 Halifax  
Argyle Township Court House and Jail 1805 1805 Tusket Canada's Oldest Standing Wooden Court House  
Government House 1805 1805 Halifax  
Acacia Grove/Prescott House 1809[110] 1809[110] Port Williams  
Covenanter Church 1811 1811 Grand Pre  
Uniacke House 1815 1815 Mount Uniacke  
Christ Church (Anglican)[111] 1817 1817 Halifax  
Black-Binney House National Historic Site of Canada 1819 1819 Halifax  
Admiralty House 1819 1819 Halifax  
Province House 1819 1819 Halifax  
William Black Memorial United Church[112] 1821 1821 Halifax
Saint Luke's Anglican Church (Annapolis Royal) 1789 1822 Annapolis Royal  
St. Andrews Presbyterian Church 1828 1828 Lunenburg, Nova Scotia  
St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church (museum) 1828 1828 Sydney, Nova Scotia  
St. Mary's Basilica 1829 1829 Halifax  

Nunavut edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Nunavut constructed prior to 1960.

Building Built City Architect Notes Image
Fort Conger[113] 1881 Ellesmere Island  

Ontario edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Ontario constructed prior to 1830, excluding the cities of Markham, Toronto, and the Region of Waterloo.

Building Built City Architect Image
Peter Secord House[114] 1782 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
Peter Secord Grist Mill[115] 1782–1783 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
Mohawk Chapel 1785 Brantford  
Hawley House 1785 Bath  
Secord ~ Paxton House[116] 1785–1790 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)
Joseph Clement House[116] 1786 Niagara on the Lake (St. Davids)  
Daniel Reynolds House[117][118] 1786 or 1792 Wellington  
Nelles-Fitch House 1791 (rear portion is from 1787)[119] Grimsby

 

Lake Lodge 1792 Niagara-on-the-Lake
Queen's Rangers' Cabin[120] 1792 Hamilton (Flamborough)  
Sir John Johnson House[121] 1792 (oldest part) Williamstown, Ontario  
Old Hay Bay Church[122] 1792 Adolphustown  
Fairfield House[123] 1793 Amherstview  
De Puisaye House[124] 1794 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Fairfield-Gutzeit House[125] 1796 Bath  
Brown Homestead[126] 1796 St. Catharines  
Gordon Hunter-Dick House[127] 1796 Niagara-on-the-Lake, Virgil
Park House Museum 1796 Amherstburg  
Whirlpool House[128] 1796 Niagara Falls  
Powder Magazine (Fort George)[129] 1796 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Battlefield House 1796 Hamilton (Stoney Creek)  
Backhouse Mill[130] 1798 Norfolk County  
Nelles Manor[131] 1798 Grimsby  
Gordon House[132] 1798 Amherstburg  
Duff Baby House 1798 Windsor  
Buchner House[133] 1799 Niagara Falls  
Elias Smith House[134] 1799 Port Hope
Johns Common School 1799 St. Johns (Thorold), Ontario  
Homewood[135] 1799–1800 Augusta  
Field House[136] 1800 or 1799[137] Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Halfway House 1800 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
McFarland House[138] 1800 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Nelles Merchant Shop[119] 1800 Grimsby

 

Niagara School of Horticulture (core house)[139] 1800 Niagara Falls, Ontario  
Old Stone Shop[140] 1800 Grimsby  
Westfield Trading Post[141] 1801 Hamilton (Flamborough)
Fort George 1802 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Old St. Andrews Roman Catholic Church[142] (now used as parish hall) 1802 St. Andrews  
Cline House[143] 1803 Grimsby
Laura Secord House 1803 Niagara-on-the-Lake (Queenston)  
Richard Hatt Building[144] 1804 Hamilton (Dundas)
Bethune-Thompson House 1805 (incorporates cabin from 1784[145]) Williamstown  
Chittenden House[146] 1805 Amherstburg, Ontario
Clement House[147] 1805 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
Collard House 1805 Niagara Falls, Ontario
Danner House[148] 1805 Niagara Falls  
McGregor-Cowan House[149] 1805 Windsor  
Mitchell Cottage[150] 1805 Niagara Falls, Ontario  
Glenora (Peter Van Alstine) Mill[151] 1806 Glenora, Ontario  
Tisdale House[152] 1806 Hamilton (Ancaster)
Fort Erie (completed) 1808 Fort Erie  
Hamilton-Kormos House[153] 1808 Niagara-on-the-Lake (Queenston)
Rochleau House 1808 Kingston  
West wing of Young-McLean House[154] 1808 Ameliasburgh Prince Edward County
Ball's Grist Mill[155] 1809 Jordan  
Dalziel Barn 1809 Vaughan
Powell-Wisch House[156] 1809/1818 Niagara on the Lake,  
St. Mark's Anglican Church[157] 1809 (founded 1791) Niagara-on-the-Lake  
White Chapel[158] 1809 Picton  
Upper House 1809 Thorold (Allanburg)  
Bamberger House 1810 Hamilton (Flamborough) Samuel Bamberger
Church House[159] 1810 Niagara Falls  
Corman House[160] 1810 Hamilton (Stoney Creek)
Maison de l'île[161] 1810 Hawkesbury, Ontario  
Morden House 1810 Hamilton (Dundas)
Prescott Barracks[162] 1810 Prescott, Ontario  
Springdale 1810 Hamilton (Flamborough) Hector McKay
Delta Mill[163] 1810 Delta  
Westbrook House 1810 Hamilton (Flamborough) Haggai Westbrook
Cherry Hill House[164] 1811 (Stone wing) / 1822 Mississauga  
Conrad Huffman House 1811 Amherstview, Ontario
John Bogart House[165] 1811 Newmarket  
St. Paul's Anglican Church (Originally Baptist)[166] 1811 Delta  
Stonewatch[167] ca 1811 Amherstview, Ontario  
Young-McLean House[154] 1811 Ameliasburgh Prince Edward County
232 King Street, East[168] 1812 Kingston  
Barker House[154] 1812 Picton, Ontario
McCrae House 1812–1813[169] Raleigh (Chatham-Kent)
St. Andrew's United Church (originally Presbyterian)[170] 1812 (founded 1787) Williamstown
François Baby House 1812 Windsor  
Lawson House[171] 1812 Fort Erie
Lynde House 1812 Whitby  
Pierre Belleperche House[172] 1812 Windsor  
Walker House 1812 Toronto (North York)  
Ermatinger Old Stone House[173] 1812–1814 Sault Ste. Marie  
"The Barracks"[174] 1812–1814 Cobourg  
Commandant residence Royal Military College of Canada[175] 1813 Kingston, Ontario  
John Snider House[176] 1813 Colchester  
Fort Mississauga[177] 1814 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Log Chapel[178] 1814 Hamilton (Flamborough)
Butler House[179] 1815 Niagara-on-the-Lake
Jacob Fry House[180] 1815 Jordan
Kerr-Wooll House (Demeath)[181] 1815 Niagara-on-the-Lake
Old Post Inn[182] 1815 Ajax
Thames River Lighthouse[183] 1815 Lakeshore, Essex County, Ontario  
The Olde Angel Inn 1815 (Circa 1789) Niagara-on-the-Lake  
William Woodruff House[116] 1815 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
Woodruff-Rigby House[116] 1815 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
Amos Biggar House 1816 Trafalgar Township
Inverarden[184] 1816 Cornwall  
Belleview[185] 1816 Amherstburg  
Niagara Masonic Hall[186] 1816 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Vanderlip House[179] 1816 Niagara-on-the-Lake
Ham House 1816 Bath

 

Harmony Hall[187] 1816–1819 Hamilton (Ancaster)
Wilson-Kent House[188] 1816 Niagara-on-the-Lake
Glasgow/Smyth Building[189] 1817 Prescott, Ontario  
Heintzman House[190] 1817 (central part) Thornhill, Ontario  
Lockhart-Moogk House (Storington) 1817 Niagara on the Lake  
Macdonell-Williamson House 1817 East Hawkesbury  
Old Bank House[191] 1817 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Rogers House[192] 1817 (on foundation from 1792) Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Butlers Barracks 1817 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Annette Twining House[193] 1818 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Nash-Jackson House[194] 1818 Hamilton (Stoney Creek)  
William Kirby House 1818 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Christ Church[195] 1819 Amherstburg, Ontario  
Clergue Blockhouse (stone part) 1819 Sault Ste Marie  
Barnum House 1819 Grafton  
Ebenezer Doan House 1819 East Gwillimbury  
Avondbloem[196] 1820 Williamsburg, Ontario  
Brick Barracks, Fort Malden[197] 1820 Amherstburg  
Commercial Building 1820[198] Grafton, Ontario  
D'Aubigny Inn[199] 1820 Hamilton (Flamborough)
Joseph A. Keeler House[200] 1820 Colborne
McDougal-Harrison House[201] 1820 Niagara on the Lake, Ontario  
Niagara Apothecary[202] 1820 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Prince George Hotel[203] 1820 Kingston, Ontario  
Stone frigate[204] 1820 Kingston, Ontario  
Alexander-Robinson House[205] 1820 Niagara Falls, Ontario  
Duldraeggan Hall[206] 1821 L'Orignal, Ontario  
Former Poulin-Clément Store[207] 1821 L'Orignal, Ontario  
Furry Tavern[208] 1821 Lowbanks
Montreal House 1821 Mississauga (Streetsville)  
Grover House[198] 1822 Grafton, Ontario  
Mackenzie Printery 1822 Niagara-on-the-Lake (Queenston)  
St. Mark's Anglican Church[209] 1822 Port Hope  
St. Thomas Church 1822 St. Thomas  
Anderson House 1823[210] Niagara-on-the-Lake  
American House 1824 Waterdown, Ontario  
John Moore House 1824 Sparta, Ontario  
Inge-Va[211] 1824 Perth  
Locust Hall[116] 1824 Niagara-on-the-Lake (St. Davids)  
St. James Anglican Church[212] 1824–1826 Maitland, Ontario
John Thomson Jr House[213] 1825 Niagara Falls, Ontario  
L'Orignal Court House and Jail 1825 L'Orignal  
Customs House[214] 1825 Niagara-on-the-Lake  
Robert Shuter House 1825 Thornhill, Ontario  
St. Andrew's Anglican Church[215] 1825 (founded in 1794) Grimsby, Ontario  
St. John the Evangelist Anglican Church[216] 1825 Niagara Falls, Ontario  
St. Mary Magdalene Anglican Church[217] 1825 Picton  
Timothy Street House 1825 Mississauga (Streetsville)  
Walbridge House 1825 Newcastle
St. George Anglican Cathedral 1825–1828 (founded in 1792) Kingston  
Allan Macpherson House 1826 Napanee
Griffin House 1827 Hamilton (Ancaster) John Lawrason  
Poplars (Spencer House)[218] 1827 Cobourg  
St Peter's Anglican Church[219] 1827 Tyrconnell  
Sparta's Adobe Blacksmith Shop 1827 Sparta, Ontario  
South Landing Inn 1827 Niagara-on-the-Lake Queenston  
Stone House currently the Bytown Museum 1827 Ottawa Thomas McKay  
Middlesex County Court House 1827–1829 London  
157-161 Queen Street[220] 1827 Kingston  
Blacksmith's house[221] 1828 Hamilton (Flamborough)
Billings Estate[222] 1828 Ottawa, Ontario  
Jacob Ball House 1828 St. Catharines, Ontario  
Moore-Bishop-Stokes House 1828 Niagara on the Lake  
Robinson-Adamson House 1828 Mississauga  
St. James Anglican Church 1828 (founded 1822) Beckwith (Franktown)
Samuel Crane House (St. Mark's Convent) 1828 Prescott, Ontario  
Chesley's Inn[223] 1829 Cornwall, Ontario  
False Ducks Lighthouse[224] 1829 Prince Edward County  
Stiver House 1829 Unionville, Ontario  

Prince Edward Island edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Prince Edward Island constructed prior to 1860.

Building Built City Architect Notes Image
The Doucet House 1768 Rustico Moved to its current location in 1999.[225]  
12-14 Dorchester Street[226] 1779–1805 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Wellington House[227] 1811 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
55-57 Dorchester Street[228] 1812 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
St. John's Presbyterian Church[229] 1824 Belfast, Prince Edward Island  
Carmichael-MacKieson House[230] 1824 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
187-189 Dorchester Street[231] 1833 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Government House[232] 1834 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
215-217 Richmond Street 1836[233] Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Lyle House 1836[234] Birch Hill, Prince Edward Island
St. Augustine's Catholic Church[235] 1838 Queens County, Prince Edward Island  
Fairholm National Historic Site[236] 1839 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
Old St. James Anglican Church[237] 1841 Port Hill, Prince Edward Island
Holy Trinity Anglican Church[238] 1842 Georgetown, Prince Edward Island  
Perkins House[239] 1843 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
70 Sydney Street / 63 Pownal Street[240] 1844 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
Point Prim Lighttower[241] 1845 Belfast, Prince Edward Island  
Pavilion Hotel[242] 1846 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
Province House[243] 1847 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island  
Clifton United Church[244] 1849 Stratford, Queens County, Prince Edward Island  
Panmure Head Lighthousehttps://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=19723 1853 Kings County, Prince Edward Island  
Gordon Memorial United Church[245] 1857 Alberton, Prince Edward Island  

Quebec edit

The first Europeans to arrive in Quebec were settlers from France. They founded Quebec City in 1608 and erected there the first foundations such as the Habitation made of wood and set up by Samuel de Champlain. Despite the founding of other significant settlements in New France in the 17th century, notably Trois-Rivières in 1634 and Montreal in 1642, there are only a few 17th-century buildings that still survive outside the Capitale-Nationale region. Therefore, the oldest buildings still standing in Quebec are found heavily in and around Quebec City. All such buildings date from the French regime and are protected as historical monuments under the law enforced by the Ministry of Culture and Communication of Quebec.[246]

The following is a list of old buildings and structures in Quebec constructed prior to 1750.

Building Historic Structure Year Current Structure Year City Architect Notes Image
Maison Puiseaux 1638[247] Early 1700s Quebec City
Maison de madame de La Peltrie 1644 1836[248] Quebec City  
Basilique-cathédrale de Notre-Dame-de-Québec 1647 1923 Quebec City Gaspard-Joseph Chaussegros de Léry, Jean Baillairgé Previous buildings destroyed by fire in 1759 and 1922.  
Maison Delisle[249] 1648 1764 Deschambault-Grondines Original house destroyed by fire in 1759.  
Maison du Duc-de-Kent 1648 Early 1700s Quebec City The basement and ground floor walls are original, the rest of the building was built in the 1700s.  
7363 avenue Royale 1668 1668 Château-Richer Possibly the oldest private house in Canada. Some additions after original construction.  
Manoir Boucher de Niverville 1668 1668 Trois-Rivières Later 1700s addition.  
Maison LeBer-LeMoyne[250] 1669 1669 Montreal (Lachine) Jacques Le Ber Possibly the oldest, fully intact and unaltered, building in Canada. Later additions removed to reveal original building.  
Maison Marcoux Between 1670 and 1700[251] Between 1670 and 1700[251] Quebec City Enlarged around 1810
Chapelle Notre-Dame-des-Anges 1671 1671 Notre-Dame-des-Anges  
Maison-Laberge 1674 1674 L'Ange-Gardien Enlarged in 1692 and 1791.  
Moulin à vent de Grondines 1674 Deschambault-Grondines  
Maison François-Jacquet-dit-Langevin 1675 Quebec City  
Séminaire de Québec 1675 Quebec City François de Laval  
Manoir de Charleville[252] 1677 Boischatel
Maison Gourdeau[253] 1677 St. Jean, ile d'Orleans
Maison Morisset 1678 Sainte Famille, Ile d'Orleans  
Maison Amiot 1679 Quebec City
Sacristie de l'Hôpital-Général-de-Québec 1679 Notre-Dame-des-Anges Jean-Baptiste de Saint-Vallier  
Bâtiment des Récollets de l'Hôpital-Général-de-Québec 1680 Notre-Dame-des-Anges Jean-Baptiste de Saint-Vallier  
1789, chemin Royal[254] 1680 Ile d'Orleans
Gagnon House[255] 1680 Sainte-Famille, ile d'Orleans  
Maison Rageot 1682 Quebec City
Maison Chavigny-Gosselin 1683 Quebec City
Maison Louis-Fornel 1683 Quebec City  
Maison Louis-Jolliet 1683 Quebec City  
Maison Frérot 1683 Quebec City
Maison Maheu-Couillard 1683 Quebec City
Maison Hazeur 1684 Quebec City
Maison des Jésuites 1684 Quebec City
Maison Delage 1684 Quebec City
Tours du fort des Messieurs de Saint-Sulpice 1684 Montreal  
Vieux-Séminaire de Saint-Sulpice 1684 Montreal Society of Saint-Sulpice  
Windmill of Isle St-Bernard[256] 1686 Châteauguay  
Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Quebec City 1687 Quebec City  
Maison Jean-Demers 1689 Quebec City  
Maison Lambert-Dumont 1689 Quebec  
Maison Michel-Dubuc[257] 1690 Longueuil  
Vincelotte Windmill[258] 1691 Cap-Saint-Ignace  
2360–2362, chemin Royal[259] 1691 ile d'Orleans
La Petite Ferme, House 1692 La Petite-Ferme, Quebec  
Fort de la Montagne 1694 [Montreal, Quebec]  
Moulin (Mill) du Petit-Pré[260] 1695 Château-Richer  
Maison Saint-Gabriel 1698 Montreal  
Presbytère de Notre-Dame-de-la-Visitation 1698 Quebec City  
Couvent des Ursulines 1699 Trois-Rivières  
Maison Descaris[261] 1700 Montreal  
Maison Range-dit-Laviolette[262] 1700 Baie-D'Urfé  
Maison des Jésuites-de-Sillery 1702–1733 Sillery, Quebec City  
Château Ramezay 1705 Montreal  
Domaine de Maizerets[263] 1705 Quebec City  
Maison Péan 1705 Quebec City  
Pointe-du-Moulin[264] 1708 Notre-Dame-de-l'Ile-Perrot  
Pointe-Claire Windmill[265] 1709 Montreal  
Maison Étienne-Nivard-de Saint-Dizier[266] 1710 Montreal  
Dauphine Redoubt[267] 1712 Quebec City  
Maison de la Veuve-Groleau[268] 1715 Deschambault-Grondines  
Church of St-Pierre[269] 1717–1719 Île d'Orléans  
Pointe-aux-Trembles Windmill[270] 1719 Montreal  
Maison Molleur-Dit-Lallemand 1720[271] Beaumont, Quebec  
Maison Vézina[272] 1720 Boischatel  
Sanctuaire de Notre-Dame-du-Cap 1720 Trois-Rivières  
Watermill of Saint-Laurent 1720 Ile d'Orleans
Maison Etienne-Marchand 1722 Quebec  
Maison Therrien[273] 1722 Laval, Quebec  
Maison Patenaude-Bienheureuse 1723 Longueuil  
Church of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary 1725 Repentigny  
Maison Guillaume-Leduc 1725 Quebec  
Église Saint-Étienne-de-Beaumont 1726–1733 Beaumont, Quebec  
Maison Larchevêque-Lelièvre 1727 Quebec  
Maison Drouin 1729 St. Famille, [Ile d'Orleans]  
Maison Michel-Cureux 1729 Quebec City  
Maison Christin dit Saint-Amour 1732 Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles  
Saint-François Church 1734 St-Jean, Ile d'Orleans  
Manoir Mauvide-Genest 1734 Ile d'Orleans  
Saint-Jean Church 1737 St-Jean, Ile d'Orleans  
Hurtubise House 1739 Montreal (Westmount)  
Maison Lamontagne 1744 Rimouski  
Sainte-Famille Church 1747 Ste-Famille, Ile d'Orleans  
Chapelle de Tadoussac 1747–1750 Tadoussac, Quebec  

Saskatchewan edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Saskatchewan constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City Architect Image
Holy Trinity Anglican Church 1854 Stanley Mission The Rev. Robert Hunt  
Mission of St. Antoine de Padoue[274] 1884 Batoche Oblates of Mary Immaculate
Ludger Gareau		  
Marr Residence 1885 Saskatoon  
All Saints Anglican Church 1887 Katepwa Beach
Almighty Voice Jailhouse 1880 Duck Lake [275]
Powder Magazine 1890 Cumberland House [276]
Territorial Administration Building 1891 Regina Thomas Fuller
Jean Caron Sr. Farm Home[277] 1895 Batoche Jean Caron Sr. [278]
All Saints Anglican Church 1896 Duck Lake
Hudson's Bay Company Store 1897 Fort Qu'Appelle  
Motherwell Homestead 1897 Abernethy William Richard Motherwell [279]

Yukon edit

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Yukon constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City Architect Image
Fort Selkirk Schoolhouse 1892 Fort Selkirk  
Coward Cabin 1898 Fort Selkirk
Lowe's Mortuary 1898 Dawson City  
North West Mounted Police Jail 1898 Dawson City
St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church 1898 Fort Selkirk
Yukon Hotel 1898 Dawson City J.E. Binet  
Yukon Sawmill Company Office 1898 Dawson City
Robert Service Cabin 1898–1899 Dawson City  
P. Denhardt Cabin 1899 (before) Dawson City Paul Dennhardt
Third Avenue Hotel, Building 14 1899 Dawson City
Dawson City Telegraph Office 1899 Dawson City  
Mme. Tremblay's Store (16) 1899 Dawson City  
NWMP Married Quarters 1899 Dawson City
Pioneer Hotel 2 1899 Whitehorse John Smart, Edward Dixon

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

  • Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Canada,  – biographies of Canadian architects and lists of their buildings from 1800 to 1950.

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