Timeline_of_Livorno Knowpia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Livorno in the Tuscany region of Italy.

Prior to 20th century edit

1077 - Matilda of Tuscany tower built.^[1]
1284 - Naval Battle of Meloria (1284) fought near Livorno with the win of Genoa.
1303 - Livorno Lighthouse (Fanale dei Pisani) built.^[1]
1399 - Livorno sold by Pisa to the Visconti.^[2]
1407 - Livorno becomes part of the Republic of Genoa.^[3]
1421 - Livorno becomes part of the Republic of Florence.^[3]
1423 - Torre del Marzocco [it] (tower) built.^[3]
1551 - Population: 749.^[3]
1571 - Port of Livorno construction begins.^[2]
1575 - Pisa-Livorno Navicelli channel created.
1603 - Synagogue of Livorno built.
1606
- Livorno attains city status.^[3]
- Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi built.^[2]
1626 - Monument of the Four Moors erected in the Piazza Micheli.^[4]
1630 - Venezia Nuova area development begins.^[4]
1645 - Old English Cemetery, Livorno established (until 1838).
1653 - 4 March: Naval battle fought near city during the First Anglo-Dutch War.
1691 - Port declared Free port.^[3]
1718 - Status as free port confirmed in the War of the Quadruple Alliance.^[3]
1742 - Earthquake.^[5]^(it)
1796 - French forces enter city.^[6]
1806 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno established.^[7]
1813 - Attempted siege of Livorno by British and Italian forces.^[6]
1816 - Biblioteca Labronica (library) founded.^[8]
1825
- Società medica di Livorno [it] founded.^[9]
- "British 'factory'" closes.^[3]
1840 - New Walls of Livorno [it] built.^[4]
1842 - Cisternone (Livorno) [it] built.^[4]
1847 - Teatro Carlo Goldoni (Livorno) [it] (theatre) opens.
1848 - Cisternino di città built.
1849 - May: Siege of Livorno [it] by Austrian forces during the First Italian War of Independence.^[6]
1856 - Santa Maria del Soccorso, Livorno opened.
1857 - June: Fire.^[6]
1867 - Livorno–Rome railway opened.^[3]
1868 - Livorno's free port status ends.^[2]^[3]
1871 - Population: 97,096.^[10]
1872 - Chamber of Commerce headquartered in the Palazzo della Dogana [it].
1881 - Italian Naval Academy established.
1899 - City Archive opens on Via Borra [it].^[11]

20th century edit

1901 - Population: 78,308.^[3]
1911 - Population: 105,315.^[12]
1915 - A.S. Livorno Calcio (football club) formed.
1920 - Scuola Labronica artists' group formed.^[4]
1921 - January: 1st Congress of the Communist Party of Italy [it] held in Livorno.
1935
- Ferrovia Pisa-Tirrenia-Livorno [it] (railway) begins operating.
- Stadio Edda Ciano Mussolini (stadium) opens.
1940 - Bombing of Livorno (1940-1945) [it] in World War II begins.^[13]
1942 - Palazzo del Governo (Livorno) [it] built.
1943 - City bombed by allied forces in World War II; cathedral demolished.^[2]
1944
- Bombing by allied forces.^[2]
- Furio Diaz [it] becomes mayor.^[13]
1945 - Bombing of Livorno ends.
1953 - Cathedral reconstructed.
1954 - Nicola Badaloni [it] becomes mayor.
1962 - New Synagogue of Livorno built.^[13]
1978 - Il Tirreno newspaper in publication.^[14]
1985 - May: Tuscan communal election, 1985 [it] held.
1992 - Gianfranco Lamberti [it] becomes mayor.
1994 - Museo civico Giovanni Fattori [it] (museum) moves into the Villa Mimbelli [it].

21st century edit

2004 - Alessandro Cosimi becomes mayor.
2013 - Population: 156,998.^[15]
2014 - Filippo Nogarin becomes mayor.
2015 - Population: 159,431^[16]
2015 - 31 May: Tuscan regional election, 2015 held.
2019 - Luca Salvetti becomes mayor.

References edit

^ ^a ^b "Chronology of Livorno". Leghorn Merchant Networks. 11 November 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Domenico 2002.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cornelia Danielson. "Livorno". Oxford Art Online. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help) Retrieved 15 December 2016
^ Mario Baratta [in Italian] (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca. (includes chronology)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haydn 1910.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ "(Comune: Livorno)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane [Registry of Italian Libraries)] (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^ Piombanti 1903.
^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1873). "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590360.
^ Ezio Papa. "Storia dell'Archivio" (in Italian). Comune di Livorno. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
^ ^a ^b ^c Noce 2004.
^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ Istat

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography edit

in English edit

John Ramsay McCulloch (1877), "Leghorn", A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, Hugh G. Reid, ed., London: Longmans, Green, and Co., hdl:2027/njp.32101079877088
Ismar Elbogen (1904), "Leghorn", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 7, New York, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282250{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Ashby, Thomas (1910). "Leghorn" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 377–378.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Leghorn", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
Roy Domenico (2002). "Tuscany: Livorno". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 329+. ISBN 0313307334.

in Italian edit

Giuseppe Vivoli (1842), Annali di Livorno (in Italian) 1842-
P. Volpi, Guida del Forestiere per la città e contorni di Livorno, 1846.
Giuseppe Piombanti (1903). Guida storica ed artistica della città e dei dintorni di Livorno (in Italian). Bologna: Forni.
P. Vigo, Livorno. Aspetti storici-artistici, Bergamo 1915.
"Livorno", Enciclopedia Italiana, 1934
G. Nudi. Storia urbanistica di Livorno: Dalle origini al secolo XVI (Venice, 1959)
L. Bortolotti. Livorno dal 1748 al 1958: Profilo storico-urbanistico (Florence, 1970)
A. Melosi, Resistenza, dopoguerra e ricostruzione a Livorno. 1944/48, S. Giovanni in Persiceto (Bo) 1984.
D. Matteoni (1985), Livorno, Le città nella storia d'Italia (in Italian)
Tiziana Noce (2004). Nella città degli uomini: donne e pratica della politica a Livorno fra guerra e ricostruzione (in Italian). Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino Editore. ISBN 978-88-498-0843-8.
A. Santini, 400 anni di Livorno, Pisa 2006.
A. Prosperi (a cura di), Livorno 1606–1806. Luogo di incontro tra popoli e culture, Torino, Allemandi, 2009.