Injection moldable thermoplastic materials

The physical properties of injection moldable materials vary from the soft flexibility of gum rubber to the brittleness of glass; temperature resistance varies from complete softening and dissolving in hot water to an ability to withstand a brief exposure to flame.  Costs vary from a few cents to several dollars a pound.

The decision as to which material to use for an application need not be a difficult one since over ninety percent of thermoplastic parts used are made from no more than a dozen basic materials.  Often a part can be successfully made from any one of a number of available materials.  Listed in this section are the most commonly used thermoplastics with a brief description of their most notable characteristics and uses.

• ABS 
  ABS - A.B.S. is a copolymer - mixture of acrylic, butadiene, and styrene.
• Acetal 
  Acetal - Parts which must maintain a springiness such as latches and snap catches are usually made of acetal since it strives to retain its molded shape.

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• Acrylic 
  Acrylic - This material has good optical clarity.
• Nylon 
  Nylon - As any ardent fisherman will know, nylon is a tough material with a high resistance to abrasion.
• Phenylene Oxide 
  Phenylene Oxide - This is a high-temperature resistant material used for electrical components such as switch holdings and junction boxes.

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• Polycarbonate 
  Polycarbonate - This material is extremely tough. Impact resistance is its real asset.
• Polyester 
  Polyester - Polyester is dimensionally stable and has low moisture absorption.
• Polyethylene 
  Polyethylene - Many food containers used in the home are polyethylene.
• Polypropylene 
  Polypropylene - This is the lowest density common plastic.
• Polysulfone 
  Polysulfone - Polysulfone is strong, rigid and has a very high heat-deflection temperature along with excellent electrical properties.
• Styrene 
  Styrene - It has low resistance to chemicals and heat, will solvent bond easily.
• Urethane 
  Urethane - The wear resistance of this material is often many times that of rubber compounds.
• Vinyl 
  Vinyl - Most electrical wire coverings and plugs are made of vinyl.