Bauxite
Mining Market: Overview
Bauxite is a silt rock, which consists of high aluminum content.
It is the primary source of aluminum in the world. Bauxite primarily comprises
minerals such as boehmite, gibbsite, hematite, goethite, ilmenite, and anatase.
It is usually found near the surface of the terrain; hence, strip mining, a
type of surface mining, is carried out. Strip mining is the process of mining a
layer of mineral by initially removing long strip of overlying rock and soil.
Then, the layer of mineral is taken out. Nearly 70% to 80% of bauxite is
first processed into alumina and then into aluminum by the process of
electrolysis. Bauxite rocks are segregated according to commercial applications
such as cement, abrasive, chemical, refractory, and metallurgical. Bauxite is
also a secondary source of the rare metal gallium. It is obtained while
processing of bauxite to alumina.
Bauxite
is primarily found in subtropical and tropical regions. The following steps are
involved in the extraction of bauxite: selection of bauxite area, mining, crushing,
ore transportation, and recovery of land. Generally, one metric ton of aluminum
can be extracted from one square meter of land.
After
mining, the bauxite ore is heated and processed in a pressure vessel along with
sodium hydroxide at a temperature of 140°C to 300°C. The aluminum is dissolved
in sodium aluminate this process is known as bayer process. The quantity of
gibbsite, diaspora, or boehmite in the ore will state the extraction condition.
After extraction of aluminum compounds, the undissolved waste consists of
silica, iron oxide, titania, calcia, and some amount of unreacted alumina.
Gibbsite is converted into aluminum oxide in a steel cylinder that rotates
inside a heated furnace and performs indirect high-temperature processing at
1000°C. The processed molten mixture is then passed through electric current.
This yields metallic aluminum.
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Bauxite
Mining Market: Drivers
End-use
applications of bauxite are chemical industry, refractory, abrasive, cement,
steel, and others. Bauxite as well as alumina are used in the manufacture of
aluminum chemicals. The direct use of bauxite in chemicals is for the
production of aluminum sulfate, which is used as flocculating agent in water
and effluent treatment. Aluminum tristrearate is used as textile finishing
agent, lubricating grease, and gelling agent. Bauxite is used as raw material
in making refractory products since it has high melting point. Refractory grade
bauxite is used in the manufacture of bricks to line the roof of electric arc
steel making furnaces, blast furnace, and stoves. In the abrasive industry, abrasive
grains are produced by fusion of either chemically purified alumina or calcined
bauxite. The white fused alumina abrasive is used in loose abrasive
applications such as grinding and polishing.
Cement
is manufactured by mixing selected quality of bauxite and limestone. High
alumina cement is known for its quality of rapid setting time and strength. It
is also resistant to sulfate and dilute acids present in soil. Thus, it can be
used in concrete piles, tunnels, and masonry exposed to water. In the steel
industry, bauxite is primarily employed in iron making. It is added to control
the desulfurizing power and fluidity of the slag. At the same time, it also
provides material for blast furnace cement. The other end use application
consists of s such as rubber, plastic and paint industries.
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Bauxite
Mining Market: Regional Outlook
Based
on region, the global bauxite mining market can be segmented into North
America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa.
North America is expected to account for major share of the market during the
forecast period. It is anticipated to be followed by Europe and Asia Pacific.
Demand for bauxite in Asia Pacific is increasing due to the rise in demand of
aluminum. The bauxite mining market in Latin America and Middle East &
Africa is also estimated to expand at a rapid pace during the forecast period.
Bauxite
Mining Market: Key Players
Major
companies operating in the global bauxite mining market include Aluminium Corp,
Access Industries, Tata Steel, Alcoa Corporation, Tajik Aluminium Company,
Mitsubishi Aluminum Co.,Ltd., Queensland Alumina Limited, Australian Bauxite
Limited, and Alumina.
An assortment of
analytics technologies will help in augmenting the commercial productivity.
However, until now, the pace of adoption of digital technologies in the overall
chemicals industry has been relatively slow. It thus remains to be seen how far
the players in the market will be able to unlock long-term productivity
benefits of AI-driven management of various business functions, particularly
research and development and production.
