Meta-Analysis:
Meta Analysis Service
As one proceeds to the top from
every level of evidence in the evidence pyramid the evidence becomes less
biased as compared to previous level. Thus, Meta-analysis can be
regarded as the apex of healthcare evidence
At the bottom of the pyramid of evidence
are studies with sufficient bias and as we move to the top the studies become
more and more reliable with stark reduction in bias as the level of scrutiny
and methods are highly reliable and scientific. Meta analysis is at the apex of
it, as it is combines various scientific studies to provide an estimate of the
true value (Haidich, 2010).
“Meta-analysis
refers to the analysis of analyses" (Gene v. Glass, 1976)
meta analysis
The Need Of Performing
Meta-Analysis:
Result of a single study is not sufficient to validate a hypothesis. Results
vary for each study by a slight or heavy margin depending on the various
conditions, study subjects and samples, and other confounding factors. Thus
raises the need for synthesizing data across multiple studies. Meta-analysis uses statistical principles for
this end.
The combination of different studies provides more
data which is advantageous in increasing precision and accuracy of the
statistical estimate. Even individual studies that are underpowered can be
improved by combining with a meta-analysis of similar studies. Thus
meta-analysis ensures improving statistical power in detecting a particular
effect
Following are the basic
steps involved in carrying out basic Meta-analysis (Field &
Gillett, 2010)
1. Identification and formulation of the problem
2. Carry out a literature review.
Study and search for various databases that include different reviewed articles. Some commonly used platforms this purpose includes PubMed, Embase, Scopus, etc.
3. Define inclusion and selection criteria.
This process helps in identifying and selecting relevant evidence from studies for the problem statement.
4. Extracting Data.
Extract data from studies which are relevant for your purpose for combining in
the final set of analysis.
5. Performing Meta-analysis.
Use one of the many software
tools available to carry out meta-analysis. Software like Review manager and
comprehensive meta-analysis provide a good analysis.
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