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Sangir language

Summary

Sangirese, also known as Sangihé, Sangi, and Sangih, is an Austronesian language spoken on the islands linking northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, with Mindanao, Philippines by the Sangirese people.

Sangirese
Native toIndonesia
Philippines
RegionNorth Sulawesi
Davao del Sur
Davao Occidental
Davao Oriental
Native speakers
Sangir: 170,000 (2010)[1]
Sangil: 15,000 (1996)[1]
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
sxn – Sangir
snl – Sangil
Glottolognort2871

It belongs to the Philippine group within the Austronesian language family.[1] Some lexical influence comes from Ternate and Spanish.[2][3]

Phonology edit

Consonants edit

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative β s ɣ h
Rhotic ɾ
Lateral l 𝼈
Approximant w j

/ɣ/ is mainly heard in the Sangihé dialect.[4]

Vowels edit

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Mid e o
Open a
  • Vowels /i, e, a, o, u/ may also be heard as [ɪ, ɛ, ə, ɔ, ʊ] within syllables.
  • /ɨ/ can be heard as [ɨ], [ɯ], [ə].[5]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Sangir at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)  
    Sangil at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)  
  2. ^ M. A. Chlenov (1998). "Sangircy". Narody i religii mira: Enciklopedija. V. A. Tishkov, Nauchnoe izdatelʹstvo "Bolʹshai︠a︡ rossiĭskai︠a︡ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡.". Moskva: Nauchnoe izd-vo "Bolʹshai︠a︡ Rossiĭskai︠a︡ Ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡". p. 468. ISBN 5-85270-155-6. OCLC 40821169.
  3. ^ Shinzō Hayase (2007). Mindanao Ethnohistory Beyond Nations: Maguindanao, Sangir, and Bagobo Societies in East Maritime Southeast Asia. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-971-550-511-6. OCLC 154714449.
  4. ^ Maryott, Kenneth R. (1986). "Pre-Sangir *l, *d, *r and Associated Phonemes". Notes on Linguistics. 34: 25–40.
  5. ^ Maryott, Kenneth R. (1977). "The Phonemes of Sarangani Sangiré". Studies in Philippine Linguistics. 1 (2): 264–279.

Further reading edit

  • ADRIANI, N. (1894). "SANGIREESCHE TEKSTEN (Vervolg)". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 44 (1): 1–168. JSTOR 25737775. Accessed 10 Feb. 2023.

External links edit

  • Sangirese song sample in Youtube
  • The Lord's Prayer in Sangirese