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Timeline of women in aviation

Summary

This is a timeline of women in aviation which describes many of the firsts and achievements of women as pilots and other roles in aviation. Women who are part of this list have piloted vehicles, including hot-air balloons, gliders, airplanes, dirigibles and helicopters. Some women have been instrumental in support roles. Others have made a name for themselves as parachutists and other forms of flight-related activities. This list encompasses women's achievements from around the globe.

Four female pilots walking toward the camera away from a large aircraft
These pilots leaving their ship at the four-engine school at Lockbourne are members of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPS), trained to ferry the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, c. 1944.

18th century edit

1784 edit

1798 edit

1799 edit

  • October 12: Jeanne Labrosse becomes the first woman to parachute jump.[1]

19th century edit

1810 edit

 
Sophie Blanchard makes her ascent in Milan on 15 August 1811 to mark the 42nd birthday of Napoleon.

1811 edit

1860 edit

  • Louise Bates makes the first parachute jump by a woman in the United States at Cincinnati, Ohio.[5]

1886 edit

  • Mary Myers of the United States sets an altitude record with a balloon, rising four miles in the air.[6]

1888 edit

  • Teresa Martinez y Perez is issued a British patent for "navigable balloons".[7]
  • Clare Van Tassel makes the first parachute jump by a woman in the western United States with a jump from Park Van Tassel's balloon over Los Angeles, California, on July 4.[5]

1890 edit

  • Valerie Frietas (performing as Valerie Van Tassell) makes the first parachute jump by a woman in Australia at Newcastle, New South Wales.[5]

1892 edit

  • Jeanette Rummary (performing as Jeanette Van Tassell) makes the first balloon flight and parachute jump in what is now Bangladesh at Dhaka.[5]

20th century edit

1903 edit

1904 edit

1906 edit

  • On 28 July 1906, Marie Surcouf earned her aeronautical balloon pilot's license and on 23 August she made her first flight as a pilot aboard the balloon "Bengali", accompanied by Miss Gache. This was the first balloon flight with an all-woman crew.[9]

1908 edit

  • May–June 1908: Mlle P. Van Pottelsberghe de la Poterie of Belgium flies with Henri Farman on several short flights at an airshow in Ghent, Belgium, becoming the first woman passenger on an airplane.[10]
  • September: Thérèse Peltier, a sculptor, of France makes the first solo flight by a woman in an airplane in Turin, Italy, flying around 200 meters in a straight line about 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) off the ground.[11] She had been taught by her partner Léon Delagrange and gave up aviation after he was killed in a flying accident.
  • October 7: Edith Ogilby Berg, business manager in Europe for the Wright brothers, becomes the first American woman to fly as a passenger.[12]

1909 edit

 
Russian, Lydia Zvereva, the 8th woman to earn a pilot's license

1910 edit

1911 edit

1912 edit

1913 edit

 
German, Käthe Paulus, inventor of the modern parachute

1914 edit

1915 edit

1916 edit

  • Zhang Xiahun (Chinese: 張俠魂) becomes China's first female pilot[25][26]

1921 edit

1922 edit

 
Bessie Coleman and her plane (1922)

1924 edit

1925 edit

1926 edit

1927 edit

1928 edit

1929 edit

 
Elsie MacGill, the first woman to earn an aeronautical engineering degree

1930 edit

  • Amy Johnson is the first woman pilot to fly from England to Australia.[1]
  • Elinor Smith and Evelyn Trout of the US are the first women to refuel a plane in flight.[1]
  • Mary Riddle becomes the second Native American to earn a pilot's license. She was a member of the Clatsop and Quinault Tribes. The first Native American woman was Bessie Coleman, though her legacy is not as a Native woman.[48]
  • Ellen Church convinced Boeing Air Transport to hire the first flight attendants, herself and seven other women who were required to be nurses, unmarried and weigh under 115 pounds.[49][50]
  • January: Aris Emma Walder becomes Uruguay's first woman pilot when she attained her license in Buenos Aires, Argentina at the Morón Aerodrome in a Curtiss JN-4D.[51]
  • March: Berta Moraleda performs in an airshow. In May, having completed her training at the Escuela de Aviación Curtiss, she becomes the first woman pilot in Cuba.[52][53]
  • May: Laura Ingalls, a distance and stunt pilot from New York, set a stunt record of 980 consecutive, continuous loops in a little less than 4 hours at Hatbox Field in Muskogee, Oklahoma.[54]
  • July: Graciela Cooper Godoy obtains the first license for a woman pilot in Chile.[55]
  • September: Maryse Bastié of France breaks the sustained flight endurance record for women, remaining aloft for 38 hours.[56]

1931 edit

1932 edit

1933 edit

1934 edit

1935 edit

1936 edit

  • Sarla Thakral becomes the first Indian woman to earn her private pilot's license.[17]
  • Beryl Markham from England is the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean from east to west.[1]
  • Lee Ya-Ching becomes the first woman to be licensed as a pilot in China.[77]
  • Phyllis Doreen Hooper earns the first women commercial pilot license in South Africa.[78]
  • Mulumebet Emeru is the first woman pilot of Ethiopia. She was a student, but her flight training was interrupted by the Italian invasion of Ethiopia.[82]

1937 edit

 
Sabiha Gökçen in front of a Breguet 19, c. 1937

1938 edit

1939 edit

1940 edit

 
Women pilots of the Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) in flying kit at Hatfield, 10 January 1940

1941 edit

1942 edit

1943 edit

  • Janet Bragg becomes the first African American woman to earn a commercial pilot's license.[97]
 
Hazel Ying Lee, one of the first two Chinese Americans in the Women Air Force Service Pilots

1944 edit

1945 edit

1946 edit

  • María Quelquejeu becomes the first woman pilot of Panama.[107]

1947 edit

1948 edit

1949 edit

  • Margaret Clarke becomes Australia's first agricultural pilot.[110]
  • Dorothy Layne McIntyre becomes the first African-American woman licensed as a pilot by the Civil Aeronautics Authority.[111]
  • Josephine Samaan Ibrahim Haddad became the first Iraqi, Assyrian woman to earn the rank of captain and pilot an aircraft in Baghdad Iraq.

1950 edit

1951 edit

1952 edit

1953 edit

1954 edit

 
Australian Women Pilots' Association member Meg Cornwell in the cockpit of Auster J-5G Cirrus Autocar monoplane VH-ADY at an airfield, 1954
  • Kim Kyung-Oh [ko] of Korea is promoted as a captain in the ROK Air Force, becoming the sole woman pilot involved in the Korean War for the South Koreans.[116]

1955 edit

1956 edit

1958 edit

1959 edit

  • Molly Reilly is the first Canadian woman to become a civilian pilot.[127]
  • Based on the success of the Australian Women's Pilots' Association, Rhona Fraser and Ena Monk create the New Zealand Association of Women in Aviation (NZAWA).[128]

1960 edit

1961 edit

  • Lucille Golas attains the first pilot license for a woman in Guyana to assist her husband in his mining business.[132]

1962 edit

  • Jacqueline Cochran is the first woman to fly a jet across the Atlantic Ocean.[1]
  • Asegedech Assefa becomes the first Ethiopian woman to earn a pilot's license.[133]

1963 edit

1964 edit

1965 edit

  • Maria Georgieva Atanasova, a Bulgarian pilot, became the first woman to land a passenger plane at London's Heathrow Airport, which happened under extreme conditions.
  • September 2: On Stewardesses' Day the US House of Representatives helps show "public disfavor with airline age discrimination".[117]

1967 edit

  • The India's Women Pilot Association (IWPA) is formed with charter members, Chanda Sawant Budhabhatti, Mohini Shroff, Rabia Fatehally, Sunila Bhajekar and Durba Banerjee.[136]

1969 edit

1970 edit

1971 edit

1972 edit

1973 edit

  • Kucki Low, Namibian pilot, is hired as the first woman commercial airline pilot in South Africa, flying for Namaqualand Airways.[146]
  • Bonnie Tiburzi is the first female pilot for American Airlines and the first female pilot for a major American commercial airline,[147] as well as the first woman in the world to earn a Flight Engineer rating on a turbo-jet aircraft.[148]
  • The United States Navy allows women to train as pilots.[149]

1974 edit

1975 edit

  • Yola Cain becomes the first Jamaican-born commercial pilot and flight instructor.[115]

1976 edit

1977 edit

1978 edit

1979 edit

1980 edit

 
Beverly Burns and Lynne Rippelmeyer on the flight deck of a Boeing 737, September 1, 1982

1981 edit

  • June: Mary Crawford becomes the first women's flight officer in the United States Navy.[45]
  • Olga Custodio becomes the first Hispanic female to graduate from the United States Air Force Undergraduate Pilot Training program and the first female T-38 Instructor Pilot at Laughlin AFB, Texas.[168][169]
  • Chinyere Kalu (née Onyenucheya) becomes Nigeria's first female commercial pilot.[citation needed]
  • Yichida Ndlovu becomes the first civilian female pilot in Zambia.[170]

1982 edit

1983 edit

  • March 21: The first all-female Aircraft Carrier Landing. US Navy aircrew conducts C. O. D. operation mission! Lt Elizabeth Toedt, Aircraft Commander, Ltjg Cheryl A Martin, SIC, and Flight Crew AD3 Gina Greterman, and ADAN Robin Banks.
  • April: Elizabeth Jennings Clark of St. Lucia is hired as the first female pilot for Leeward Islands Air Transport.[172]
  • November 16: American, Brooke Knapp, is the first person to land at McMurdo Station for a round the world flight and the first person to pilot a business jet over both the North and South Poles.[173]
  • Charlotte Larson becomes the first woman smoke jumper aircraft captain.[174]
  • Deanne Schulman becomes the first woman to be qualified as a smoke jumper.[174]

1984 edit

1986 edit

1987 edit

  • British Airways hires its first woman pilot, Lynne Barton.[90]
  • Erma Johnson becomes the first black and first woman chair of the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport's Board of Directors.[171]
  • Continental Airlines "The first all-women crew to command a wide-bodied commercial aircraft touched down in Sydney yesterday – and they were on time. Captain Lennie Borenson, 39, first officer Dorothy Clegg, 26, and second officer Karlene Ciprtano, 25, taxied their Continental DC-10 to the terminal at 6am after leaving Hawaii about 8pm on Thursday (Sydney Time). The high flying trio were backed by 12 female cabin crew for the trip across the Pacific into aviation history."[186]

1988 edit

1989 edit

 
The first female Air Force helicopter pilot in Afghanistan's history, Col. Latifa Nabizada, exits the stage after speaking at an Afghan Air Force International Women's Day celebration at Kabul International Airport, March 7, 2013.

1990 edit

1991 edit

1992 edit

 
A close up of 1st Lt. Jeannie Flynn, the first F-15E female pilot, sits in the cockpit as she performs engine star.
  • Veronica Foy becomes the first woman pilot of Malawi.[198]

1993 edit

1994 edit

1995 edit

  • First batch of women helicopter pilots commission into Indian Air Force in December 1995.[209]
  • During the fall of Srebrenica in 1995 the first female fighter pilot in the Royal Netherlands Air Force Manja Blok is the first to drop bombs on attacking Bosnian Serb positions while flying a General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon. [210]
  • Felistas Matengo-Mkandawire becomes the first black woman pilot in Malawi, flying as first officer for Air Malawi.[211]
  • The Federation of European Women Pilots (FEWP) is founded in Rome.[212]
  • Eileen Collins became the first female pilot of the Space Shuttle in 1995 aboard STS-63, which involved a rendezvous between Discovery and the Russian space station Mir. In recognition of her achievement as the first female Shuttle Pilot, she received the Harmon Trophy. She was also the pilot for STS-84 in 1997.[213][circular reference]
  • Sarah Deal becomes the United States Marine Corps' first female aviator.[214]

1996 edit

  • Maria Ziadie-Haddad becomes the first female airline captain in Jamaica.[215]
  • Chipo Matimba becomes the first woman to complete the Air Force of Zimbabwe's pilot training course.[216]
  • Hildegarde Ferrea, at age 99, becomes the oldest person to perform a skydive jump.[217]

1997 edit

1998 edit

1999 edit

2000 edit

21st century edit

2001 edit

2002 edit

2003 edit

2004 edit

2005 edit

2006 edit

2007 edit

2008 edit

2009 edit

2010 edit

 
Nancy Lee Baker, longtime Fairbanks resident, receives a special honor from Sen. Lisa Murkowski and Chief of Staff of the Air Force, Gen. Norton A. Schwartz. Baker, a Women Airforce Service Pilot flew various military aircraft during World War II, her contributions help pave the way for the integration of female pilots into the military.

2011 edit

2012 edit

2013 edit

2014 edit

2015 edit

2016 edit

2018 edit

2019 edit

2022 edit

  • First all-black, all-female crew operate regular American Airlines commercial flight August 20, 2022, from Dallas to Phoenix to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Bessie Coleman being the first African American woman to obtain a commercial pilot's license in 1921 and for performing the first public flight by an African American woman in 1922. Coleman's great niece, Gigi Coleman, was the guest of honor on the commemorative flight.[310]

See also edit

References edit

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